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Mount Aso (阿蘇山, Aso-san), is also known as Aso Volcano and in this sense is the largest active volcano in Japan, and is among the largest in the world. Common use relates often only to the somma volcano in the centre of the Aso Caldera. It stands in Aso Kujū National Park in Kumamoto Prefecture, on the island of Kyushu. Its tallest peak, Takadake, is 1,592 meters (5,223 ft) above sea level. Mount Aso is in a fairly large caldera (25 kilometers (16 miles) north-south and 18 km (11 mi) east-west) with a circumference of around 120 km (75 mi), although sources vary on the exact distance.

Mount Aso
Aso Volcano
Aerial image of Mount Aso
Highest point
Elevation	1,592 m (5,223 ft)
Listing	Top 100 Geological Sites in Japan 100 Famous Japanese Mountains Aso Caldera
Coordinates	32°53′04″N 131°06′14″E
Geography
Mount Aso Kyushu, Japan Show map of Kyushu Mount Aso Mount Aso (Kumamoto Prefecture) Show map of Kumamoto Prefecture Mount Aso Mount Aso (Japan) Show map of Japan
Location	Kyushu, Japan
Geology
Mountain type	Somma volcano in Caldera complex
Last eruption	20 October 2021 - Present

Geography

The central cone group of Aso consists of five peaks, often called the "Five Mountains of Aso" (阿蘇五岳): Mt. Neko, Mt. Taka (also called Takadake or Taka-Dake), Mt. Naka (also called Nakadake or Naka-Dake), Mt. Eboshi, and Mt. Kishima (also called Kishimadake or Kishima-Dake ). The highest point is the summit of Mt. Taka, at 1592 m above sea level. The crater of Mt. Naka, the west side of which is accessible by road, contains an active volcano which continuously emits smoke and has occasional eruptions. Only the northernmost crater (the first crater) has been active for the last 70 years—1974, 1979, 1984–1985, 1989–1991,[1] 2009, 2011, 2015,[2] 2016[3][4] and 2021.[5]

The present Aso Caldera formed as a result of four huge caldera eruptions occurring over a range of 90,000–300,000 years ago.[6] The caldera, one of the largest in the world, contains the city of Aso as well as Takamori and Minamiaso enclosing the caldera extends about 18 km east to west and about 25 km north to south. Viewpoints from the somma overlooking the caldera are perched upon lava formed before the volcanic activity which created the present caldera. Ejecta from the huge caldera eruption 90,800 years ago covers more than 600 km³ and roughly equals the volume of Mount Fuji; with a pyroclastic flow plateau that covered a significant part of Kyushu.

History

The eruption which formed the present somma occurred approximately 300,000 years ago. Four large-scale eruptions (Aso 1 – 4) occurred during a period extending from 300,000 to 90,000 years ago. As large amounts of pyroclastic flow and volcanic ash were emitted from the volcanic chamber, a huge depression (caldera) was formed as the chamber collapsed. The fourth eruption (Aso 4) was the largest, with volcanic ash covering the entire Kyushu region and even extending to Yamaguchi Prefecture.

Mt. Taka, Mt. Naka, Mt. Eboshi, and Mt. Kishima are cones formed following the fourth above-mentioned huge caldera eruption. Mt. Naka remains active today. Aso's pyroclastic flow deposits (welded tuff) were utilized for bridge construction in the region, There are approximately 320 arched stone bridges in Kumamoto Prefecture, including the Tsujun-kyo and Reitai-kyo bridges on the Midorikawa River, which are important national cultural properties.[1]

A new eruption began at 11:43 a.m. on 20 October 2021.[7]

Climate

With an elevation of 1,143 metres (3,750 ft).,[8] Mount Aso has a climate that falls as humid continental (Köppen climate classification "Dfb"), with warm summers and cold winters. Precipitation is high throughout the year, which brings the area to have borderline subtropical characteristics as well. They are particularly heavy in June and July, where over 500 millimetres (20 in) of rain fell in each month.

National Park

The mountain is a key feature that contributed to the original Aso Kujū National Park.[11] Spectacular sights such as the seasonal flowering of Rhododendron kiusianum on the slopes of Takadake reflect significant protected botanical ecosystems.[12]

Tourism

A cable car system, the Mount Aso Ropeway, opened in 1958 to provide access to the mountain. It closed in 2016, and has since been dismantled. A shuttle bus now runs to the crater's edge.

At the foot of the mountain there are also various campsites, and horse riding at Kusasenrigahama.[13]

Because Mount Aso is a volcano, there are many onsen hot springs in the area.

Hiking

Mt. Aso has numerous hiking trails leading to the interesting peaks and mountains around the crater. The Nakadake trail will take you to the highest peak which is part of the active crater and often closed when volcanic gas or volcanic activity is too high. The other surrounding trails offer enjoyable terrain and unique views over the grasslands, the Aso crater, and a small conical peak called Komezuka. Nearly all of the trails (excluding Nekodake) can be accessed from the bus stop at the museum.

In popular culture

In Ishirō Honda's kaiju films, Mount Aso is home to the giant pteranodon creature Rodan. In Rodan, the creature and its mate perish in the volcano's eruption.[14]

Mount Aso serves as the inspiration of Mt. Chimney in Pokémon Ruby and Sapphire, Pokémon Emerald and the remake Pokémon Omega Ruby and Alpha Sapphire.

In the manga Magical Girl Spec-Ops Asuka by Makoto Fukami and Seigo Tokiya, the final battle of the Distonian War that took place 3 years before the events of the series takes place on Mount Aso.

See also

• List of volcanoes in Japan
• Aso Shrine
• Aso Volcano Museum

References

General

• "Asosan". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.

Cited

External links

• Asosan - Japan Meteorological Agency (in Japanese)
• Asosan: National catalogue of the active volcanoes in Japan - Japan Meteorological Agency
• Aso Volcano - Geological Survey of Japan
• Asosan - Smithsonian Institution: Global Volcanism Program
• Aso Geopark

На других языках

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[de] Aso (Vulkan)

Der Aso (japanisch .mw-parser-output .Hani{font-size:110%}阿蘇山 .mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}Aso-san) ist ein Vulkan im Osten der Präfektur Kumamoto auf der japanischen Insel Kyūshū. Er besteht aus einer Caldera und mehreren Vulkankegeln, die in der Caldera entstanden.

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- [en] Mount Aso

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[es] Monte Aso

El monte Aso (阿蘇山, Aso-san?), también conocido como la Caldera de Aso, es un supervolcán localizado en la Prefectura de Kumamoto y la prefectura está ubicada en la parte central de la isla Kyushu en Japón.

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[fr] Mont Aso

Le mont Aso (阿蘇山, Aso-san?) est le plus vaste des volcans du Japon, mais aussi un des plus actifs. Sa caldeira compte parmi les plus grandes du monde. Du fait de sa fréquentation et de son activité fréquente, il présente un risque géologique majeur.

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[it] Monte Aso

Il monte Aso (阿蘇山 Aso-san?) è il più grande vulcano attivo nel Giappone, ed è tra i maggiori al mondo. Esso si trova nella prefettura di Kumamoto, sull'isola di Kyūshū. La sua vetta è a 1592 m s.l.m. Il monte Aso ha una delle più grandi caldere del mondo (25 km a nord-sud e 18 km a est-ovest). La caldera ha una circonferenza di circa 120 km, anche se fonti diverse variano il perimetro esatto.

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[ru] Асо (вулкан)

А́со[2] (яп. 阿蘇山 Асо-сан) — вулкан, расположен на острове Кюсю (Япония)[3]. Основные пики находятся в префектуре Кумамото[4], часть вулкана находися в префектуре Оита[3].

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