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Botev Peak (Bulgarian: (връх) Ботев[2] Bulgarian pronunciation: [(vrɤx) ˈbɔtɛf]) is, at 2,376 metres (7,795 ft) above sea level, the highest peak of the Balkan Mountains. It is located close to the geographic centre of Bulgaria, and is part of the Central Balkan National Park.

See also: Botev Peak, Livingston Island
Botev Peak
връх Ботев
Botev Peak
Highest point
Elevation2,376 m (7,795 ft)[1]
Prominence1,567 m (5,141 ft)[1]
ListingUltra
Coordinates42°43′03″N 24°55′00″E[1]
Geography
Botev Peak
Location in Bulgaria
LocationCentral Balkan National Park, Bulgaria
Parent rangeBalkan Mountains
Climbing
Easiest routea two and a half hour climb from Ray Resthouse (1,560 m) at the south foot
View of Botev Peak from I-6 road (Bulgaria)
View of Botev Peak from I-6 road (Bulgaria)

Until 1950, when it was renamed in honour of Bulgarian poet and revolutionary Hristo Botev, the peak was called Yumrukchal (Юмрукчал, from Ottoman Turkish Yumrukçal, 'a fist-like peak').[3]

A weather station and a radio tower (opened on 10 July 1966) that covers 65% of the country are located on Botev Peak.[4] The average temperature is −8.9 °C (16.0 °F) in January and 7.9 °C (46.2 °F) in July.[5]

"Botev Peak" is the main facility of Bulgarian FM and TV broadcasting network.[6] The situation at the top near the geographical center of Bulgaria contribute to national radio broadcasts and television broadcast here to cover more than 65% throughout the country, also in parts of Romania and Turkey.[7]

The massif is mainly composed of granite rocks dating from the oligocene — a complex of medium acid volcanics — latites, andesites, shoshoneites.[8]

The flat ridge relief around Botev and Triglav is isolated with high slopes, which from the north (North Jendem) descend steeply from 2000 – 2200 m down, and from the south (South Jendem) — from 1800 – 1900 m.[9]


Channels listed by frequency



Analogue radio


Radio programme FM frequency ERP Remarks
BNR Hristo Botev92,20 MHz117.5 kW (10 kW TRP)1966-2003: 72.44 MHz
1977-1998: 71.66 MHz (to 1992: Programme Orpheus/Znanie; to 1998: Radio Plovdiv)
BNR Horizont100,90 MHz117.5 kW (10 kW TRP)1966-2003: 70.88 MHz

Digital television


TV programme Channel ERP Remarks
National Multiplex 2 - "Pleven" Zone (bTV, Nova, BNT 1, BNT 2, BNT HD, Bulgaria On Air)5720 kW (3 kW TRP)Radiation in direction North

Analogue television (prior to 2013)


TV programme Channel ERP Remarks
BNT 111~100 kW (20 kW TRP)
bTV24~100 kW (40 kW TRP)1975-2000: Efir 2

See also



References


  1. "Europe Ultra-Prominences" Peaklist.org. Retrieved 2012-02-19.
  2. "РТСС "Ботев"". Archived from the original on 2012-10-17.
  3. "Юмрукчал". Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary: In 86 Volumes (82 Volumes and 4 Additional Volumes). St. Petersburg. 1890–1907.
  4. РТСС "Ботев", predavatel.com
  5. Румен Пенин, Природна география на България, стр. 170, София, 2007 г., изд. Булвест 2000
  6. М. Георгиев, Физическа география на България, София, 1991 г., Университетско издателство СУ "Климент Охридски"
  7. "Предавател България • Радио и телевизия от връх Ботев, Radio & Television from Botev peak". Predavatel.com. Retrieved 2014-04-18.
  8. Геоложка карта на МОСВ
  9. География на България, том 1, изд. на БАН, 1966 г.



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На других языках

[de] Botew (Berg)

Der Gipfel Botew (bulgarisch връх Ботев; wiss. Transkription: vrach Botev) ist der höchste Berg des Balkangebirges und liegt in Bulgarien. Der Botew ist mit 2376 m über dem Meeresspiegel der höchste Gipfel des dritthöchsten Gebirges Bulgariens, nach dem Rila mit dem Gipfeln Musala (2925 m) und dem Piringebirge mit dem Gipfel Wichren (2914 m).
- [en] Botev Peak

[es] Botev

El monte Botev (en búlgaro, Връх Ботев, Vrah Botev) es, con 2.376 m de altura, la más alta cumbre de los Montes Balcanes. Se encuentra en la zona central del país y es parte del parque nacional de los Balcanes Centrales.

[fr] Pic Botev

Le pic Botev (en bulgare : Връх Ботев, Vrah Botev) est le point culminant de la chaîne montagneuse du Grand Balkan, mais il n'est pas le point culminant de la péninsule des Balkans ni de la Bulgarie, devancé par le mont Mousala du massif Rila.

[it] Monte Botev

Il monte Botev (2.376 m s.l.m.) è la montagna più alta dei monti Balcani, situata in Bulgaria, all'interno del parco nazionale dei Balcani Centrali. Ha preso tale nome Hristo Botev, poeta e patriota bulgaro e viene identificato con il monte Emo o Aimos, in lingua greca Αἷμος, che viene menzionato nelle opere di Strabone[1].

[ru] Ботев (гора)

Бо́тев (до 1950 года — Юмрукчал[2]) — гора в Болгарии, высочайшая вершина Балканских гор (2376 м). Склоны горы крутые, вершина плоская, покрыта лугами. Гора находится на территории общины Карлово в Пловдивской области.


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