Kajmakčalan (Kaimakchalan), or Kaimaki or Kaimaktsalan or Voras (Greek: Καϊμακτσαλάν or Καϊμάκι or Βόρας, Macedonian: Каjмакчалан, romanized: Kajmakčalan), is a mountain on the border between Greece and North Macedonia. It is the southernmost and highest peak, 2,521 metres (8,271 ft),[2] of a range known in Greek as the Voras Mountains and in Macedonian as Nidže. The frontier between the two countries runs across the summit.[1] It is the third-highest peak in Greece after Mytikas and Smolikas and the fifth-highest in North Macedonia.[citation needed]
This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2012) |
Kajmakčalan | |
---|---|
Voras | |
Highest point | |
Elevation | 2,521 m (8,271 ft)[1] |
Prominence | 1,758 m (5,768 ft)[1] |
Listing | Ultra |
Coordinates | 40°55′52″N 21°47′21″E[1] |
Geography | |
Location | Greece–North Macedonia border |
Parent range | Voras Mountains |
The word "Kaimaktsalan" is of Ottoman Turkish origin inspired by its white, snowy peak: kaymakçalan means 'kaymak beater'. "Kaymak" in Turkish refers to a dairy product similar to clotted cream.
The peak consists of granite, gneiss and mica.
Kajmakčalan has a subarctic climate (Dfc) with short, cool summers and long, cold winters.
Climate data for Kaimaktsalan Ski Center (2008-2019) Elevation: 2090m | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °C (°F) | 9.4 (48.9) |
11.0 (51.8) |
9.8 (49.6) |
18.0 (64.4) |
19.7 (67.5) |
23.0 (73.4) |
25.5 (77.9) |
22.7 (72.9) |
21.3 (70.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
13.7 (56.7) |
11.3 (52.3) |
25.5 (77.9) |
Average high °C (°F) | −1.9 (28.6) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
0.9 (33.6) |
4.8 (40.6) |
9.3 (48.7) |
13.9 (57.0) |
16.5 (61.7) |
16.6 (61.9) |
12.1 (53.8) |
7.9 (46.2) |
4.4 (39.9) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
6.9 (44.5) |
Daily mean °C (°F) | −4.3 (24.3) |
−3.6 (25.5) |
−1.7 (28.9) |
2 (36) |
6.2 (43.2) |
10.7 (51.3) |
13.1 (55.6) |
13.2 (55.8) |
9.1 (48.4) |
5.1 (41.2) |
2.0 (35.6) |
−2.5 (27.5) |
4.1 (39.4) |
Average low °C (°F) | −6.7 (19.9) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−4.3 (24.3) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
3.4 (38.1) |
7.5 (45.5) |
9.5 (49.1) |
9.5 (49.1) |
6.0 (42.8) |
2.3 (36.1) |
−0.5 (31.1) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
1.2 (34.2) |
Record low °C (°F) | −20.8 (−5.4) |
−20.0 (−4.0) |
−16.9 (1.6) |
−11.2 (11.8) |
−4.2 (24.4) |
0.1 (32.2) |
2.6 (36.7) |
1.7 (35.1) |
−4.5 (23.9) |
−10.0 (14.0) |
−12.1 (10.2) |
−16.9 (1.6) |
−20.8 (−5.4) |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 78.8 (3.10) |
59.9 (2.36) |
63.6 (2.50) |
65.0 (2.56) |
106.7 (4.20) |
85.1 (3.35) |
41.0 (1.61) |
52.0 (2.05) |
98.6 (3.88) |
61.3 (2.41) |
111.7 (4.40) |
75.9 (2.99) |
899.6 (35.41) |
Average precipitation days | 8.9 | 12.1 | 12.9 | 9.0 | 10.6 | 8.6 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 6.7 | 8.2 | 9.7 | 8.6 | 106.3 |
Source: National Observatory of Athens[3] |
During World War I, in September 1916, the Battle of Kajmakčalan between Serbian and Bulgarian troops took place at Kajmakčalan and around the adjacent peaks, resulting in a Serbian victory. There is a small church and crypt for the Serbian soldiers who died in the battle. Near the top of the mountain, on the Greek side, there is a small church named Saint Peters (Sveti Petar in Serbian), the peak itself is called, besides Kajmakčalan, Profitis Ilias (Greek: Εκκλησία Προφήτης Ηλίας).[4]
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