geo.wikisort.org - Island

Yassıada (Turkish: Flat Island), officially renamed Democracy and Freedom Island (Turkish: Demokrasi ve Özğürlükler Adası) in 2013,[1] is one of the Princes' Islands in the Sea of Marmara, to the southeast of Istanbul. In Byzantine times, it was known as Plati (Greek: Πλάτη).

The island, which has an area of 183000 m², is officially a neighbourhood of Adalar (Turkish: Islands) district of Istanbul Province, Turkey.

History

The Byzantines first used Yassıada as a place to send prominent figures into exile. One such person was the Armenian Patriarch (Catholicos) Narses who was sent here before being imprisoned at Prinkipos in the 4th century AD. they were still using the island for political prisoners Into the 11th century and the remains of four underground prison cells from this period can still be seen.

The Byzantine Emperor Theofilos built the Platea Monastery on the island and Patriarch Ignatios, who was exiled to the island in 860, built a church on it; tunnels under the church were used as a dungeon.[2]

Yassıada (Plati) was captured by the Latin Crusaders during the Fourth Crusade in 1204.

In 1857, Yassıada was purchased by the British ambassador Henry Bulwer, brother of novelist Edward Bulwer-Lytton, who built himself a mansion and a number of other structures here so that he could live undisturbed here. Bulwer even organised agricultural production here in the hope of being at least partially self-sufficient. However, he then sold Yassıada to the Khedive of Egypt Ismail Pasha who didn't construct any new buildings and completely neglected the island.

Yassıada Trials

With the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923, the island became the property of the Turkish state, and in 1947 it was bought by the Turkish Navy which built several a school here. Between 1960 and 1961, the school buildings served as the venue for the trials of members of the former ruling Democrat Party, following the military coup of 1960. Several of the defendants were sentenced to death, and three of them - former Prime Minister Adnan Menderes and ministers Fatin Rüştü Zorlu and Hasan Polatkan - were taken to İmralı Island (near the southern shore of the Sea of Marmara) where they were executed in 1961.[3]

After the trials, Yassıada was returned to the Turkish Navy and lessons continued to take place in the naval school buildings until 1978.

In 1993, the island became the property of Istanbul University's department of Marine Life and Sea Products, which used it for lessons and research. However, the strong winds on the island made life difficult for the students and eventually the classes were moved elsewhere.

The island was renamed Democracy and Freedom Island in 2013 in memory of the 1960 military coup, the first in the history of the Turkish Republic, and to eradicate the negative associations attached to the name 'Yassıada' after the 1960 trials.[2]

In 2015 work began on redeveloping the island for tourism. Officially reopened by President Erdoğan on 27 May 2020, it now features a 27 May Museum, a convention centre, a hotel and a mosque.[4] Disgruntled ecologists have nicknamed it Betonada (Turkish: Concrete Island).[4]

References and notes

External links

На других языках

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[de] Yassıada

Yassıada (griechisch Πλάτη .mw-parser-output .Latn{font-family:"Akzidenz Grotesk","Arial","Avant Garde Gothic","Calibri","Futura","Geneva","Gill Sans","Helvetica","Lucida Grande","Lucida Sans Unicode","Lucida Grande","Stone Sans","Tahoma","Trebuchet","Univers","Verdana"}Plati) ist eine der Prinzeninseln im Marmarameer. Die Insel hat eine Fläche von fünf Hektar und ist seit 1995 unbewohnt. Yassıada ist durch die Yassıada-Prozesse bekannt geworden. Seit 2013 heißt die Insel auch "Demokrasi ve Özgürlükler Adası" (Insel der Demokratie und Freiheiten).[1]

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- [en] Yassıada

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[es] Yassıada

Yassıada (en griego, Πλάτη) es una de las nueve islas que conforman las Islas Príncipe del mar de Mármara, cerca de Estambul, Turquía. Yassıada es un barrio oficial del distrito de Adalar de la provincia de Estambul. Tiene una superficie de 0,05 km².

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[fr] Yassıada

Yassıada (en grec Plati) est l'une des plus petites îles de l'archipel des Îles des Princes, l'un des 39 districts d'Istanbul. Elle a été utilisée par les Byzantins pour l'envoi des personnalités en exil. Une de ces personnes était le Patriarche arménien (catholicos) Narsès qui a d'abord été envoyé sur cette île avant d'être emprisonné à Büyükada au IVe siècle apr. J.-C. Au XIe siècle apr. J.-C. les Byzantins utilisaient l'île pour les prisonniers politiques. Les restes des quatre cellules de la prison souterraine de cette période sont encore visibles. Les Byzantins ont également construit un monastère et une église sur l'île. Yassıada (Plati) a été capturée par les Croisés latins au cours de la quatrième croisade en 1204.

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[it] Yassıada

Yassıada (in greco: Πλάτη, traslitterato: Plati), ribattezzata nel 2013 Demokrasi ve Özgürlük Adası (turco: Isola della libertà e della democrazia), è una delle nove isole che costituiscono le Isole dei Principi nel Mar di Marmara. L'isola ha una superficie di 0,05 km² e amministrativamente fa parte del distretto di Adalar ("delle isole") della provincia di Istanbul.

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[ru] Яссыада

Яссыада (тур. Yassıada), также известная как Остров демократии и свободы (тур. Demokrasi ve Özgürlükler Adası)[1], — один из Принцевых островов в Мраморном море, к юго-востоку от Стамбула. В переводе с турецкого «Яссыада» означает «плоский остров»). В 2013 года он был официально переименован в «Остров демократии и свободы» в память о военном перевороте 1960 года, первом в истории Турецкой Республики[2]. В прошлом Яссыада называлась Плати (Πλάτη). Остров, площадь которого составляет 0,183 км², официально является районом в ильче Адалар (что по-турецки означает «Острова») провинции Стамбул (Турция).

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