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Attabad Lake (Urdu: عطا آباد جھیل) is a lake located in the Gojal region of Hunza Valley in Gilgit−Baltistan, Pakistan. It was created in January 2010 as the result of a major landslide in Attabad.[1][2] The lake has become one of the biggest tourist attractions in Gilgit−Baltistan, offering activities like boating, jet-skiing, fishing and other recreational activities.

Attabad Lake
Gojal Lake
Attabad Lake, Photographed in July 2017
Attabad Lake Show map of Gilgit Baltistan Attabad Lake Show map of Pakistan
Location	Attabad, Gilgit−Baltistan, Pakistan
Coordinates	36°20′13″N 74°52′3″E
Native name	عطا آباد جھیل (Urdu)
Etymology	Attabad
Primary inflows	Hunza River, 79 m3/s (2,800 cu ft/s), 26 May 2010
Primary outflows	Hunza River overflowing landslide dam, 100 m3/s (3,700 cu ft/s), 4 June 2010
Max. length	21 km (13 mi)
Max. depth	109 m (358 ft)
Water volume	410,000,000 m3 (330,000 acre⋅ft), 26 May 2010
Settlements	Gojal, Hunza Valley

Formation

The lake was formed when Attabad village in Hunza Valley in Gilgit−Baltistan had a landslide, 14 kilometres (9 mi) upstream (east) of Karimabad that occurred on 4 January 2010. The landslide killed twenty people and blocked the flow of the Hunza River for five months. The lake flooding displaced 6,000 people from upstream villages, stranded (from land transportation routes) a further 25,000, and inundated over 19 kilometres (12 mi) of the Karakoram Highway. The lake reached 21 kilometres (13 mi) long and over 100 metres (330 ft) in depth by the first week of June 2010 when it began flowing over the landslide dam, completely submerging lower Shishkat and partly flooding Gulmit.[3] The subdivision of Gojal has the greatest number of flooded buildings, over 170 houses, and 120 shops. The residents also had shortages of food and other items due to the blockage of the Karakoram Highway.[4]

By 4 June, water outflow from the lake had increased to 100 m³/s (3,700 cu ft/s).[5]

Water levels continued to rise in 18 June 2010 caused by a difference in the outflow and inflow of the new lake. As bad weather continued, the supply of food, medicine and other goods was stopped as all forms of transportation including helicopter service to Hunza could not resume.[6]

Aftermath of landslide

Victims of the landslide and expansion of the lake staged a sit-in protesting the lack of government action and compensation payments to them.[7]

As a result of the damming of Hunza River, five villages north of the barrier were flooded. One village, Ayeenabad, was completely submerged. Major portions of another village, Shishkat, was also submerged. Around 40% of the village of Gulmit, which also serves as the headquarters of Gojal Valley, was also submerged. Significant portions of land in Hussaini and Ghulkin villages of Gojal also got submerged as a result of the surging lake.

The entire population of central Hunza and Gojal valley (Upper Hunza), up to 25,000 individuals, were affected[8] as a result of the lake, due to difficulties of road access and reaching business markets and loss of land, houses, and agricultural products.

Attabad Lake was visited by former Prime Ministers Yousuf Raza Gillani and Nawaz Sharif, and by the Chief Minister of Punjab, Shahbaz Sharif. Sharif announced Rs 100 million of aid for the victims from the Punjab government and Rs 0.5 million for the relatives of those who died in the landslide.[9]

Areas downstream from the lake remained on alert[10] despite some officials believing that a major flood scenario was less likely as the river began flowing over the landslide dam during the first week of June 2010.[11] Many people have been evacuated to 195 relief camps. Two hospitals downstream, the Kashrote Eye Vision Hospital and the Aga Khan Health Service,[12] evacuated both their staff and equipment.[9] Some officials had incorrectly predicted that as soon as the lake began flowing over the landslide dam, an 18-metre (60 ft) wave would hit the areas immediately downstream.[13]

As of 14 June 2010, the water level continued to rise. Dawn News reported that "242 houses, 135 shops, four hotels, two schools, four factories, and several hundred acres of agricultural land" had been flooded, and that villagers were receiving food and school fee subsidies. They reported that 25 kilometres (16 mi) of the Karakoram Highway and six bridges were destroyed.[14]

Frontier Works Organization blasted the spillway of the lake first on 27 March 2012 and then on 15 May 2012, lowering the lake's water level by at least 10 metres (33 ft).[15]

Karakoram Highway realignment

Part of Karakoram Highway was submerged due to this landslide. On 14 September 2015, the Prime Minister of Pakistan, Mian Nawaz Sharif, performed the inauguration of the realigned 24 km (15 mi) patch of KKH containing five tunnels at Attabad Barrier Lake. The five tunnels are known as the Pakistan-China Friendship Tunnels, and are collectively seven kilometres (4.3 mi) long. They are part of the 24 km (15 mi) long portion of the Karakoram Highway (KKH) which was damaged in 2010 due to land sliding at Attabad. The realignment project is a construction masterpiece completed at the cost of $275 million. The realignment restored the road link between Pakistan and China and it is expected that significant amount of trade will be conducted between China and Pakistan using it. The KKH is also a part of the China Pakistan Economic Corridor and is expected to significantly increase economic integration between those two nations.[16]

See also

• Tangjiashan Lake – formed by a landslide caused by the 2008 Sichuan earthquake in China
• Sarez Lake – formed by a landslide caused by the 1911 Sarez earthquake in Tajikistan
• Red Lake – formed by a landslide caused by the 1838 Vrancea earthquake in Romania
• 2010 Pakistan floods
• List of lakes of Pakistan

References

External links

• Landslide Lake on Hunza River Overflows into Spillway – Earth Observatory (NASA)

На других языках

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[de] Attabad-See

Der Attabad-See (auch Gojal-See) ist ein See in Gilgit-Baltistan, Pakistan. Der See entstand, nachdem ein am 4. Januar 2010 abgegangener Bergsturz den Fluss Hunza aufstaute.[1][2] Der durch den Bergsturz gebildete Staudamm liegt etwa 12 km flussaufwärts der Stadt Karimabad.

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- [en] Attabad Lake

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[es] Lago Attabad

El lago Attabad (o lago Hunza[2]) es un lago del valle de Hunza, ubicado en Gilgit-Baltistán, Pakistán. El lago se creó el 4 de enero de 2010 debido a un deslizamiento de tierras que mató a veinte personas y bloqueó el curso del río Hunza durante cinco meses. Este deslizamiento afectó a la localidad de Attabad y supuso la inundación permanente de 19 km de la carretera del Karakórum, que quedaron sumergidos. Durante la primera semana de junio de 2010 el lago alcanzó una longitud de 21 km y unos 100 metros de profundidad. Hacia el 4 de junio el caudal en la desembocadura del lago se incrementó a 100 m³/s.[1]

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[fr] Lac Attabad

Le lac Attabad (ou lac Gojal) est un lac situé au bord de la rivière Hunza au nord du Pakistan dans la région du Gilgit-Baltistan. Il s'est formé le 4 janvier 2010 à la suite d'un glissement de terrain qui a tué 20 personnes et en a déplacé 6 000. Le lac est alors devenu un site touristique pour sa couleur bleue unique et sa toile de fond de montagnes magnifiques.

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[it] Lago di Attabad

Il lago di Attabad, noto anche come lago Gojal[1], è un lago situato nella valle di Gojal nella regione di Gilgit-Baltistan, nel nord del Pakistan, creatosi nel gennaio 2010 a seguito di una frana.

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[ru] Аттабад (озеро)

Аттабад (Хунза) (англ. Attabad; урду عطا آباد جھیل‎) — подпрудное или завальное озеро в высокогорной области Хунза, в Пакистане, котловина которого образована в результате схода сильнейшего оползня в январе 2010 года, перекрывшего русло горной реки Хунза в 14 км восточнее Каримабада, расположенного вверх по течению реки. Озеро находится в долине Годжал (англ. Gojal), относится к административному району Гилгит-Балтистан, является одной из самых больших туристических достопримечательностей в районе, предлагающей к услугам туристов разнообразные виды отдыха: катание на лодках, водных лыжах, рыбалку и прочие развлечения[1].

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