geo.wikisort.org - Mountains

This list of volcanoes in Iceland includes active and dormant volcanic mountains, of which 18 have erupted since human settlement of Iceland began around 900 AD.

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List

Name	Elevation		Coordinates	Last eruption	VEI	Notes
	(m)	(ft)
Askja	1516	4974	65.03°N 16.75°W / 65.03; -16.75 (Askja)	1961	5
Bárðarbunga	2005	6515	64.64°N 17.56°W / 64.64; -17.56 (Bárðarbunga)	2014–2015
Brennisteinsfjöll	626	2054	63.92°N 21.83°W / 63.92; -21.83 (Brennisteinsfjöll)	1341 (± 1 year)	2
Eldfell	279	915	63.43°N 20.25°W / 63.43; -20.25 (Eldfell)	1973	3	A volcanic cone on the island of Heimaey
Eldgjá	ca 800	ca 2625	64.24°N 18.37°W / 64.24; -18.37 (Eldgjá)	934	6	A large eruptive fissure in connection with Katla
Esjufjöll	1760	5774	64.27°N 16.65°W / 64.27; -16.65 (Esjufjöll)	1927
Eyjafjallajökull	1666	5466	63.63°N 19.62°W / 63.63; -19.62 (Eyjafjallajökull)	2010	4
Fagradalsfjall	385	1263	63.89°N 22.27°W / 63.89; -22.27 (Fagradalsfjall)	2022		As of August 2022[update], ongoing eruption near Geldingadalir. Usually considered part of Krýsuvík.
Fremrinámur	939	3081	65.43°N 16.65°W / 65.43; -16.65 (Fremrinámur)	800 BC (± 300 years)
Grensdalur	497	1631	64.02°N 21.17°W / 64.02; -21.17 (Grensdalur)	dormant		Active during Pleistocene
Grímsnes	214	702	64.03°N 20.87°W / 64.03; -20.87 (Grímsnes)	~3500 BC	3
Grímsvötn	1725	5659	64.42°N 17.33°W / 64.42; -17.33 (Grímsvötn)	2011	4
Hekla	1491	4892	63.98°N 19.70°W / 63.98; -19.70 (Hekla)	2000	3
Helgafell	227	745	63.43°N 20.26°W / 63.43; -20.26 (Helgafell)	3950 BC (± 300 years)		Vestmannaeyjar island of Heimaey
Hengill	803	2634	64.18°N 21.33°W / 64.18; -21.33 (Hengill)	150 AD (± 75 years)	2
Herðubreið	1682	5518	65.18°N 16.34°W / 65.18; -16.34 (Herðubreið)	dormant		Active during Pleistocene
Hofsjökull	1782	5846	64.85°N 19.53°W / 64.85; -19.53 (Hofsjökull)	dormant		Active during Holocene
Holuhraun	778	2553	64.84°N 16.83°W / 64.84; -16.83 (Holuhraun)	2015		Part of the Bárðarbunga fissure system
Hrómundartindur	540	1772	64.07°N 21.20°W / 64.07; -21.20 (Hrómundartindur)	10,000 BC
Hveravellir	1360	4462	64.75°N 19.98°W / 64.75; -19.98 (Hveravellir)	950 AD ± 50 years	6	Central volcano of the eastern Langjökull system
Hverfjall	420	1378	65.36°N 16.53°W / 65.36; -16.53 (Hverfjall)	~500 BC		Part of the Krafla fissure system
Jólnir	70*	230*	63.30°N 20.63°W / 63.30; -20.63 (Jólnir)	1966		This vent of Surtsey has since eroded to below sea level
Katla	1512	4961	63.63°N 19.05°W / 63.63; -19.05 (Katla))	1918
Kerlingarfjöll	1488	4882	64.63°N 19.32°W / 64.63; -19.32 (Kerlingarfjöll)	dormant		Active during Holocene
Kolbeinsey Ridge	5	16	66.67°N 18.50°W / 66.67; -18.50 (Kolbeinsey)	1755[1]
Kollóttadyngja	1177	3825	65.22°N 16.55°W / 65.22; -16.55 (Kollóttadyngja)	unknown
Krafla	650	2133	65.73°N 16.78°W / 65.73; -16.78 (Krafla)	1984	4
Krakatindur	300	984	63.55°N 19.30°W / 63.55; -19.30 (Krakatindur)	unknown
Krýsuvík	379	1243	63.93°N 22.10°W / 63.93; -22.10 (Krýsuvík)	probably ~1340	2
Kverkfjöll	1920	6299	64.65°N 16.72°W / 64.65; -16.72 (Kverkfjöll)	1968	1
Laki	1725	5606	64.06°N 18.22°W / 64.06; -18.22 (Laki)	1783-84	6	Part of Grímsvötn fissure system
Loki-Fögrufjöll	1570	5151	64.48°N 17.80°W / 64.48; -17.80 (Fögrufjöll)	1910
Ljósufjöll	988	3241	64.87°N 22.23°W / 64.87; -22.23 (Ljósufjöll)	960 AD (± 10 years)	3
Lýsuhóll	540+	1772+	64.87°N 23.25°W / 64.87; -23.25 (Lýsuhóll)	dormant		Active during Holocene
Öræfajökull	2119	6952	64.00°N 16.65°W / 64.00; -16.65 (Öræfajökull)	1727	5
Prestahnúkur	1386	4504	64.60°N 20.60°W / 64.60; -20.60 (Prestahnúkur)	7550 BC (± 500 years)		Central volcano of western Langjökull system
Reykjanes	230	755	63.88°N 22.50°W / 63.88; -22.50 (Reykjanes)	1879
Reykjaneshryggur	-80	-262	63.67°N 23.33°W / 63.67; -23.33 (Reykjaneshryggur)	1970
Snæfellsjökull	1448	4751	64.80°N 23.78°W / 64.80; -23.78 (Snæfellsjökull)	200 AD (± 150 years)	2
Surtsey	174	571	63.30°N 20.62°W / 63.30; -20.62 (Surtsey)	1963		In the Vestmannaeyjar islands
Theistareykjarbunga (Þeistareykjarbunga)	564	1850	65.88°N 16.83°W / 65.88; -16.83 (Theistareykjarbunga)	750 BC (± 100 years)
Thórðarhyrna (Þórðarhyrna)	1660	5446	64.12°N 17.0°W / 64.12; -17.0 (Thordarhyrna)	1910	4
Thórólfsfell (Þórólfsfell)	574	1883	63.72°N 19.67°W / 63.72; -19.67 (Thórólfsfell)	unknown
Thríhnákagígur (Þríhnákagígur)	550	1804	63.99°N 21.7°W / 63.99; -21.7 (Thrihnukagigur)	2 BC
Tindfjallajökull	1463	4800	63.78°N 19.57°W / 63.78; -19.57 (Tindfjallajökull)	dormant		Active during Holocene
Torfajökull	1259	4131	63.92°N 19.17°W / 63.92; -19.17 (Torfajökull)	1477	3
Trölladyngja	1468	4816	64.89°N 17.25°W / 64.89; -17.25 (Trölladyngja)	~2980 BC
Tungnafellsjökull	1535	5036	64.73°N 17.92°W / 64.73; -17.92 (Tungnafellsjökull)	dormant		Active during Holocene
Vatnafjöll	1235	4052	63.92°N 19.67°W / 63.92; -19.67 (Vatnafjöll)	750 AD (± 1000[dubious – discuss] years)

Volcanic zones and systems

Iceland has four major volcanic zones surrounding an hypothetical hotspot:

• the Reykjanes zone (RVZ), subdivided into the Reykjanes Ridge (RR) (the Mid-Atlantic Ridge South of Iceland) and the Reykjanes Volcanic Belt (RVB) (on the main island);
• the West Volcanic Zone (WVZ);
• the East Volcanic Zone (EVZ) (extended to the Westman Islands, South of the main island);
• the North Volcanic Zone (NVZ).

The Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB) connects them across central Iceland.

In Iceland's East Volcanic Zone (EVZ), the central volcanoes, Vonarskarð and Hágöngur belong to the same volcanic system; this also applies to Bárðarbunga and Hamarinn, and to Grímsvötn and Þórðarhyrna.[2]

North of Iceland, the Mid-Atlantic Ridge is called Kolbeinsey Ridge (KR) and is connected to the North Volcanic Zone via the Tjörnes Fracture Zone (TFZ). Also the South Iceland Seismic Zone (SISZ) is another fracture zone, which connects the East and West Volcanic Zones. Both fracture zones also include their own volcanic systems, smaller than those in the Mid-Iceland Belt.

Besides the hotspot area fragmenting the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, there are also two intraplate volcanic belts: Öræfajökull (ÖVB) on the Eurasian plate, and Snæfellsnes (SVB) on the North American plate.[3][4] It is proposed that the east-west line going from the Grímsvötn volcano in the Mid-Iceland Belt (MIB) to the Snæfellsnes volcanic belt (SVB) shows the movement of the North American Plate over the Iceland hotspot.[5]

#	Volcanic zone	Volcanic system	Name of central volcano of the volcanic system
1	RVZ	Reykjanes/Svartsengi	Gunnuhver
2	RVZ	Krýsuvík	Trölladyngja (Reykjanesskagi)
3	RVZ	Brennisteinsfjöll	void[clarification needed]
4	WVZ	Hengill	Hengill
5	WVZ	Hrómundartindur	Hrómundartindur
6	WVZ	Grensdalur	void
7	WVZ	Grímsnes	Seyðishólar
8	WVZ	Geysir	Laugarfjall
9	WVZ	Western Langjökull	Prestahnúkur
10	WVZ	Eastern Langjökull	Hveravellir
11	MIB	Hofsjökull	Hofsjökull
12	MIB	Kerlingarfjöll	Snækollur
13	MIB	Tungnafellsjökull	Tungnafellsjökull/Hágöngur
14	EVZ	Vestmannaeyjar (Westman Islands)	void
15	EVZ	Eyjafjallajökull	Eyjafjallajökull
16	EVZ	Katla	Katla
17	EVZ	Tindfjallajökull	Tindfjallajökull
18	EVZ	Hekla-Vatnafjöll	Hekla
19	EVZ	Torfajökull	Torfajökull
20	EVZ	Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn	Bárðarbunga/Hamarinn
21	EVZ	Grímsvötn	Grímsvötn/Thórdarhyrna
#	EVZ	(Central volcanoes, as well)	(Vonarskard/Hágöngur)[2]
22	NVZ	Kverkfjöll	Austari Kverkfjöll
23	NVZ	Askja	Askja
24	NVZ	Fremrinámur	void
25	NVZ	Krafla	Krafla
26	NVZ	Þeistareykir	Þeistareykjabunga
27	ÖVB	Öræfajökull	Öræfajökull
28	ÖVB	Esjufjöll	Snæhetta
29	ÖVB	Snæfell	Snæfell
30	SVB	Ljósufjöll	void
31	SVB	Lýsuskarð	Helgrindur
32	SVB	Snæfellsjökull	Snæfellsjökull

See also

• Lists of volcanoes
• Volcanism of Iceland
• Geology of Iceland
• List of volcanic eruptions in Iceland

References

• Siebert L, Simkin T (2002–present). Volcanoes of the World: an Illustrated Catalog of Holocene Volcanoes and their Eruptions. Smithsonian Institution, Global Volcanism Program Digital Information Series, GVP-3 (http://www.volcano.si.edu).
• Thor Thordarsson, Armann Hoskuldsson: Classic Geology in Europe 3. Iceland. Harpenden, Terra, 2002
• https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/earth/doomsday-volcanoes.html

На других языках

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[de] Vulkane in Island

Im Nordatlantik haben die zahlreichen Vulkane Islands die gleichnamige Hauptinsel sowie etliche kleinere Inseln wie die Inselgruppe der Westmännerinseln oder die kleinen Inseln und Schären im Fjord Breiðafjörður geschaffen und nachhaltig geprägt. Es handelt sich bei Island um einen der wenigen Teile des Mittelatlantischen Rückens, der die Meeresoberfläche überragt.

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- [en] List of volcanoes in Iceland

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[fr] Liste des volcans d'Islande

Cet article recense les volcans d'Islande.

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[it] Vulcani dell'Islanda

L'Islanda è un'isola di origine vulcanica, geologicamente giovane (circa 20 milioni di anni) e ancora in corso di formazione. La geologia di quest'isola è molto particolare, infatti l'Islanda è la più ampia parte emergente della lunga dorsale medio-atlantica ed è l'espressione terrestre e visibile di ciò che troveremo, al di sotto della superficie marina, nella dorsale medio oceanica.

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