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Torfajökull (Icelandic for "Torfi's glacier"; [ˈtʰɔrvaˌjœːkʏtl̥]) is a rhyolitic stratovolcano, caldera (central volcano) and complex of subglacial volcanoes, located north of Mýrdalsjökull and south of Þórisvatn Lake, Iceland. Torfajökull last erupted in 1477 and consists of the largest area of silicic extrusive rocks in Iceland.

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Torfajökull
Torfajökull area
Highest point
Elevation	1,259 m (4,131 ft)
Coordinates	63°55′00″N 19°10′00″W
Geography
Torfajökull Iceland
Geology
Age of rock	Pleistocene
Mountain type	Stratovolcano
Last eruption	March 1477

The volcano's eruption around 870, a combined bimodal eruption (rhyolite-basalt) with additional engagement of the Bárðarbunga-Veiðivötn volcanic system, has left a thin layer of easily recognized mixed tephra all over Iceland (Landnámslag).[1] This layer makes it possible to determine the exact dates of many archeological finds by so called tephrochronology, like in the Reykjavík 871±2 museum.

Naming

According to legend, the glacier is named for Torfi Jónsson í Klofa, an Icelandic historical figure. When the plague arrived in Iceland in 1493, Torfi fled with his family and his belongings into the highlands and settled in a valley surrounded by the glacier.[2]

According to another legend, the glacier is named for Torfi, a farm worker at a nearby farm. Torfi eloped with the farmer's daughter and fled to the glacier.[3]

See also

• List of volcanoes in Iceland
• Volcanism of Iceland

References

External links

• Torfajökull in the Catalogue of Icelandic Volcanoes
• "Torfajökull". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.

На других языках

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[de] Torfajökull

Der Torfajökull ist ein 1190 Meter hoher aktiver Vulkan im Süden von Island, nördlich des Mýrdalsjökull. Er ist nur noch teilweise vom namensgebenden Gletscher mit einer Fläche von 15 km² bedeckt. Zu seinem Bereich gehören die warmen Quellen von Landmannalaugar und Hrafntinnusker. Der Torfajökull befindet sich auf dem Gemeindegebiet von Rangárþing ytra und Skaftárhreppur.

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- [en] Torfajökull

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[es] Torfajökull

Torfajökull es un volcán y glaciar ubicado en la región de Suðurland, al sur de Islandia.

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[fr] Torfajökull

Le Torfajökull est un stratovolcan rhyolitique et un complexe de volcans sous-glaciaires, situé au nord du Mýrdalsjökull et au sud du lac Þórisvatn, en Islande. La dernière éruption du Torfajökull date de 1477.

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[ru] Торвайёкюдль

То́рвайёкюдль (исл. Torfajökull) — вулкан в Исландии.

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