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The subglacial Esjufjöll (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈɛːsjʏˌfjœtl̥]) volcano is located at the SE part of the Vatnajökull icecap. Esjufjöll is a strict nature reserve (IUCN category Ia).[1]
| Esjufjöll | |
|---|---|
 Esjufjöll north of Jökulsárlón as nunataks of Vatnajökull glacier | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,760 m (5,770 ft) |
| Coordinates | 64.27°N 16.65°W |
| Geography | |
| Location | Iceland, East Iceland |
| Geology | |
| Age of rock | Holocene |
| Mountain type | Stratovolcano |
| Last eruption | 1927? |
Geography
The mountains, actually nunataks within Vatnajökull, are located to the north of Öræfajökull volcano and of Jökulsárlón glacial lake.[2] The mountain range consists of 4 mountain massifs with three valleys in between them.[3]
The glaciers flowing around them are feeding Breiðamerkurjökull and in the end Jökulsárlón.[3]
Volcanism
Esjufjöll are a small volcanic system and as such part of Iceland's Oræfi Volcanic Belt.[4] Also part of this zone are Öræfajökull and Snæfell (north of Vatnajökull).[5]
The volcanic system consists of the Snaehetta central volcano with a large caldera. Most of the volcano, including the 40 km2 caldera, is covered by the icecap. On the other hand are parts of the SE flank exposed in NW-SE-trending ridges.[6] Most of the exposed rocks are mildly alkaline basalts, but one may also find small amounts of rhyolitic rocks.[6]
In the beginning of September 1927, a jökulhlaup came down the Jökulsá á Breiðamerkursandi. The glacier run was accompanied by a sulfur stench. On one occasion, ash fall on the Breiðamerkurjökull was thought to have possibly originated from Esjufjöll.[6] Although Holocene eruptions have not been confirmed from Esjufjöll, earthquake swarms that could indicate magma movements were detected in October 2002, and recently in October 2010.[6]
Mountaineering
Ari Trausti Guðmundsson proposes a mountaineering tour crossing Breiðamerkurjökull and up on Lyngbrekkutindur.[3]
See also
References
- Stjórnunar- og verndaráætlun Vatnajökulsþjóðgarðs, 2. útgáfa, 2013. p. 12.
- Ísland Vegaatlas. Reykajvík (Ferðakort) 2006, p.7
- Ari Trausti Guðmundsson, Pétur Þorsteinsson: Íslensk fjöll. Gönguleiðir á 151 tind. Reykjavík 2004, p. 200.
- T. Thordarson, G. Larsen:Volcanism in Iceland in historical time. Volcano types, eruption types and eruption history. (2007)
- See eg.: Thor Thordarson, Armann Hoskuldsson: Classic geology in Europe 3. Iceland. Harpenden 2002, p. 14
- "Esjufjöll". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
External links
- "Esjufjöll". Global Volcanism Program. Smithsonian Institution.
- Esjufjöll in the Catalogue of Icelandic Volcanoes
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На других языках
[de] Esjufjöll
Der Esjufjöll (gesprochen "Ä:sjüfjötl") ist ein Vulkansystem im Süden von Island. Es wird größtenteils von der Gletscherkappe des Vatnajökull bedeckt.- [en] Esjufjöll
[fr] Esjufjöll
L'Esjufjöll est un massif volcanique partiellement masqué par les glaces au sud-est du Vatnajökull et au nord du Öræfajökull. Il possèderait une caldeira. Le seul fait répertorié pour ce volcan est une éruption volcanique mineure qui aurait eu lieu en 1927 déclenchant un jökulhlaup.[it] Esjufjöll
Esjufjöll è un sistema vulcanico situato nella parte meridionale dell'Islanda. È per gran parte ricoperto dalla calotta glaciale del Vatnajökull, il grande ghiacciaio posto al centro dell'isola.Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
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