The Asir Mountains[1] (Arabic: جِبَال عَسِيْر, jibāl ʿasīr; Arabic pronunciation: [d͡ʒɪbaːl ʕasiːr] ('Difficult')) is a mountainous region in southwestern Saudi Arabia running parallel to the Red Sea. It comprises areas in the Asir Region of Saudi Arabia, however it also generally includes areas near the Yemeni border. The mountains cover approximately 100,000 square kilometres (40,000 sq mi) and consists of mountains, plains, and valleys of the Arabian highlands.[2] Sensu lato, they are part of the Sarawat Mountains,[3] defining the latter as the mountain range which runs parallel to the Tihamah throughout the western portion of the Arabian Peninsula, particularly the western parts of Saudi Arabia and Yemen.[4][5][6]

Asir Mountains
Jabal Sawdah ("Mount Sawdah")
Highest point
Coordinates	21.6°N 39.8°E / 21.6; 39.8
Naming
Native name	جِبَال ٱلْعَسِيْر (Arabic)
Geography
Asir Mountains
Country	Saudi Arabia

Geology

The mountains consist primarily of sedimentary rock, limestone, sandstone and shale, of Jurassic, Cretaceous and Paleogene origin on a Precambrian granitic basement.[2]

Climate and agriculture

The region has the highest average rainfall of Saudi Arabia^{[citation needed]} due to largely seasonal rain. Average rainfall can range from 600 millimetres (24 in) to over 1,000 millimetres (39 in) per year, in wet regions. The eastern plains and plateaus receive much lower amounts, from 500 millimetres (20 in) to below 100 millimetres (3.9 in) per year.[2]

The region's crops, most of which are cultivated on steeply terraced mountainsides, include wheat, coffee, cotton, indigo, ginger, vegetables, and palms. The region also supports cattle, sheep, goats, and camels.^{[citation needed]}

Biodiversity

The region's difficult terrain has helped preserve the region's unique biodiversity. Several new Myxomycetes fungi species have been discovered in the region, as have a variety of previously undiscovered plants.[7] Asir is also thought to be one of the last natural habitats of the Arabian leopard.[2][5][6] and also the Asir magpie, believed to be down to its last 135 pairs.[8]

Gallery

• 
  Abha city, located 2,270 m (7,450 ft) above sea level in the 'Asir Region
• 
  Habala Valley near Abha
• 
  Al Soudah
• 
  Jabal Atherb, as seen from Ḥawālah in Bareq

See also

• Geography of Saudi Arabia
• List of mountains in Saudi Arabia
• Wildlife of Saudi Arabia
  • Arabian leopard
  • Hamadryas baboon
  • Asir magpie
• Wildlife of Yemen

References

Further reading

• A Journey Through the Tihama, the 'Asir, and the Hijaz Mountains, by Wilfred Thesiger

На других языках

[de] Asir-Gebirge

[it] Monti dell'Asir

[ru] Эль-Асир (горная цепь)