geo.wikisort.org - Mountains

The Baetic System or Betic System (Spanish: Sistema Bético) is one of the main systems of mountain ranges in Spain. Located in the southern and eastern Iberian Peninsula, it is also known as the Cordilleras Béticas (Baetic Mountain Ranges) or Baetic Mountains. The name of the mountain system derives from the ancient Roman region of Baetica, one of the Imperial Roman provinces of ancient Hispania.

Baetic System
Mulhacén seen from the Vereda de la Estrella in Sierra Nevada National Park
Highest point
Peak	Mulhacén
Elevation	3,478.6 m (11,413 ft)
Geography
Schematic representation of the Baetic System of mountain ranges
Country	Spain and little bit in Gibraltar (UK)
Region	mostly Andalusia, small parts in Murcia, Castile-La Mancha, Valencian Community and Gibraltar (only Rock)
Range coordinates	37°N 5°W
Parent range	Gibraltar Arc
Geology
Orogeny	Alpine Orogeny

Geography

The Baetic System is made up of multiple mountain ranges that reach from western Andalusia to the Region of Murcia, southern Castile-La Mancha and the Land of Valencia. To the north, the Baetic Ranges are separated from the Meseta Central and the Sierra Morena by the basin of the Guadalquivir. The Iberian System rises north of the eastern part of the Prebaetic System, the northernmost prolongation of the Baetic System. Generally the mountain ranges that are part of this system are aligned in a southwest-northeast direction.[1]

The most well-known range of the Baetic System is the Sierra Nevada, where the Mulhacén, the highest mountain in continental Spain and in the Iberian Peninsula is found. The Rock of Gibraltar is also considered to be part of the Baetic System,[2] but not the Cabo de Gata area further east which includes rocks of volcanic origin.[3]

Geology

The Baetic System as a geological feature belongs to a larger orogeny usually called the Gibraltar Arc, which represents the westernmost edge of the Alpine Orogeny. The geodynamic mechanisms responsible for its formation are so far relatively unknown.[4]

Geologically the Rif mountains in Morocco and the Serra de Tramuntana in the island of Majorca are extensions of the Baetic System.[5] The Gibraltar Arc geological region follows the Moroccan coast from Oujda in the east to Tangier in the west, then crosses the Strait of Gibraltar and goes east again from Cádiz to Valencia and the Balearic Islands.

Ecology

The Baetic System is home to a number of Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub plant communities, including shrublands, oak woodlands, broadleaf forests, and coniferous forests, which vary with elevation, soils, and topography.

The Baetic System, together with the Rif Mountains of Morocco, which face the Baetic Ranges across the Alboran Sea, is one of the Mediterranean basin's ten biodiversity hotspots, known to ecologists as the Baetic-Rifan complex. The Baetic mountains are home to a rich assemblage of Mediterranean plants, including a number of relict species from the ancient laurel forests, which covered much of the Mediterranean basin millions of years ago when it was more humid.

Subdivision

The Baetic System is divided into the following sub-chains:

Penibaetic System

The Penibaetic System includes the highest point in the peninsula, the 3,478 m high Mulhacén in the Sierra Nevada; other ranges and features are:

Subbaetic System

The Subbaetic System occupies a central position within the Baetic System. Highest point 2,027 m (6,650 ft) high Peña de la Cruz in Sierra Arana.

Prebaetic System

The Prebaetic System is the northernmost feature of the whole Baetic System. Highest point 2,382 m high La Sagra.

See also

• Geography of Spain
• Geology of the Iberian Peninsula
• Baetic Depression
• Tabernas Desert

References

External links

• Sierra Nevada Natural Park
• Sierra del Aljibe
• Parque Natural de la Sierra de los Filabres y comarca del Alto Almanzora
• Cuenca del Guadalquivir

На других языках

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[de] Betische Kordillere

Die Betische Kordillere (spanisch Cordilleras Béticas oder Sistema Penibético; im Deutschen auch „Andalusisches Faltengebirge“) ist ein Gebirgszug, der sich im Süden Spaniens von der Bucht von Cádiz über 600 km nach Nordosten bis weit über Andalusien hinaus in die Region Valencia erstreckt.

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- [en] Baetic System

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[fr] Cordillères Bétiques

Les cordillères Bétiques sont un ensemble de systèmes montagneux qui s'étendent au sud de la péninsule Ibérique, depuis le golfe de Cadix jusqu'à Alicante et les Baléares. Elles font partie de l'arc de Gibraltar et sont composées des cordillères subbétique, pénibétique (contenant la sierra Nevada espagnole), prébétique et de la sierra de Tramontana.

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[it] Cordigliera Betica

La Cordigliera betica è un sistema montuoso nella Spagna meridionale. Detta anche Monti betici è in realtà composta da più gruppi montuosi che si estendono dall'Andalusia occidentale alla Murcia e a Valencia, in direzione sudovest-nordest: la Sierra Nevada, la Sierra Elvira e i Monti Aljibe fanno anch'essi parte del sistema betico.

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[ru] Кордильера-Бетика

Кордилье́ра-Бе́тика[1][2][3], Андалу́сские го́ры[4][5][6][7][3][8] (Андалу́зские го́ры[4][9], Бетские горы[9][8][5]; исп. Cordilleras Béticas, Sistemas Béticos) — горная система в южной Испании, в восточной части провинции Андалусия.

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