geo.wikisort.org - Island

Jaluit Atoll (Marshallese: Jālwōj, [tʲælʲ(o)wɤtʲ], or Jālooj, [tʲælʲoːtʲ][2]) is a large coral atoll of 91 islands in the Pacific Ocean and forms a legislative district of the Ralik Chain of the Marshall Islands. Its total land area is 11.34 square kilometers (4.38 sq mi), and it encloses a lagoon with an area of 690 square kilometers (270 sq mi). Most of the land area is on the largest islet (motu) of Jaluit (10.4 km²). Jaluit is approximately 220 kilometers (140 mi) southwest of Majuro. Jaluit Atoll is a designated conservation area and Ramsar Wetland.

Jaluit

NASA image of Jaluit Atoll
Jaluit
Geography
Location	North Pacific
Coordinates	05°55′18″N 169°38′33″E
Archipelago	Ralik
Total islands	91
Area	11.34 km2 (4.38 sq mi)
Highest elevation	3 m (10 ft)
Administration
Marshall Islands
Demographics
Population	1,788 (2011)
Ethnic groups	Marshallese
Ramsar Wetland
Official name	Jaluit Atoll Conservation Area
Designated	13 July 2004
Reference no.	1389[1]

In 2011 the population of the islands of Jaluit Atoll was 1,788.[3] It was the former administrative seat of the Marshall Islands.

History

The British merchant vessel Rolla sighted Jaluit in 1803.[4] She had transported convicts from Britain to New South Wales and was on her way to China to find a cargo to take back to Britain.

In 1884, the German Empire claimed Jaluit Atoll, along with the rest of the Marshall Islands, and the Germans established a trading outpost. Jaluit became a German protectorate on September 13, 1886 and had several imperial commissars (Kaiserliche Kommissare):

• 11 May 1894 – March 1898 Georg Irmer (b. 1853 – d. 1931)
• 24 March 1898 – 18 January 1906 Eugen Brandeis (b. 1846 – d. 1919) (acting to 22 February 1900)
• 18 January 1906 – May 1906 Ludwig Kaiser (acting) (b. 1862 – d. 1906)
• 1 April 1906 – 3 October 1914 the governors of German New Guinea; afterwards the jurisdiction was downgraded to district, under a Bezirksamtmann

After World War I, the island became a part of the South Seas Mandate, a mandated territory of the Empire of Japan, and was the seat of the Japanese administration over the Marshall Islands. Immigrants from Japan numbered several hundred by the 1930s. During World War II the island's Japanese garrison consisted of 1,584 men of the Imperial Japanese Navy and 727 men of the Imperial Japanese Army.[5] The island was bombed on at least five occasions in November and December 1943 by B-24 Liberator bombers of the USAAF 7th Air Force.

Following World War II, Jaluit came under the control of the United States as part of the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands until the independence of the Marshall Islands in 1986.

Geography

Jaluit Atoll's lagoon is shaped roughly like a kite.

The islet of Jabor (Jebwad, [tʲɛbˠ(ɔ)wɑrʲ][6]) has the largest population center on Jaluit Atoll, with a population of approximately 1,200. The island features a small hotel, small stores that sell staple foods, and a gasoline station. Jabor is a base for commercial and sports fishing, where motorboats can be rented. Snorkeling spots are around the sunken dock by the airport and in the northern pass into the lagoon.

Imiej (Im̧wej, [imwi̯etʲ][6]) is an islet a 45-minute boat ride from Jabor. It used to be the headquarters for the Imperial Japanese Navy garrison and was a major seaplane base. The ruins of the power station, barracks, antiaircraft guns and a Shinto shrine remain.

Education

Marshall Islands Public School System operates public schools.

High schools:[7]

• Jaluit High School (JHS) - a boarding school that serves students from Jaluit Atoll and the southern atolls of Ebon, Ailinglaplap, Namu, Kili, Namdrik and Jabat.[8]

Primary schools:[9]

• Imiej Elementary School
• Imroj Elementary School
• Jabnoden Elementary School
• Jabor Elementary School - Jabor
• Jaluit Elementary School
• Mejrirok Elementary School
• Narmej Elementary School

Private schools: Jabor has St. Josephs, attached to the Catholic Church.

Transportation

Jaluit Airport is served by Air Marshall Islands.

Twin towns

Jaluit is twinned with:

• New Taipei City, Taiwan, since 2019

Notes

References

• L, Klemen (1999–2000). "Forgotten Campaign: The Dutch East Indies Campaign 1941-1942". Archived from the original on 2011-07-26.

External links

• Marshall Islands site
• Entry at Oceandots.com at the Wayback Machine (archived December 23, 2010)
• Surrender of Jaluit to the United States

На других языках

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[de] Jaluit

Jaluit (auch Tschalut, Dschalut oder Talut genannt) ist ein Atoll im Pazifischen Ozean und gehört als Teil der Ralik-Kette (Sonnenuntergangs-Inseln) zur Republik der Marshallinseln. Es liegt bei etwa 6° nördlicher Breite und 169° bis 170° östlicher Länge und hat 1.788 Einwohner (2011).

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- [en] Jaluit Atoll

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[es] Jaluit

Jaluit es un atolón de 91 islas en el océano Pacífico. Constituye un distrito legislativo de las Islas Marshall. El área total asciende a 11 km², pero encierra una laguna de 690 km². La población, en 1999, ascendía a 1669 habitantes. Y bajo dominio español se llamó Isla de Jesús en honor a la Compañía de Jesús o los jesuitas y su capital era San Ignacio de Jesús. También fue la capital del protectorado alemán en las Islas Marshall.

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[fr] Jaluit

L'atoll de Jaluit est un atoll constitué par 91 îlots dans les Îles Marshall dont il est un district législatif.

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[ru] Джалуит

Джа́луит (Тялёэть) (англ. Jaluit, марш. Jālwōj [tʲælʲo̯o͡etʲ], Jālooj [tʲælʲe͡oː͡etʲ]) — атолл в Тихом океане в составе цепи Ралик (Маршалловы Острова). На атолле находится город Джабор, бывшая столица Маршалловых Островов.

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