The Harlem River is an 8-mile (13 km) tidal strait in New York, United States, flowing between the Hudson River and the East River and separating the island of Manhattan from the Bronx on the New York mainland.

Harlem River
The Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and High Bridges over the Harlem River
The Harlem River, shown in yellow, between the Bronx and Manhattan in New York City
Location
Country	United States
State	New York
Municipality	New York City
Physical characteristics
Source	Hudson River
• coordinates	40.87843°N 73.92594°W / 40.87843; -73.92594
Mouth	East River
• coordinates	40.78003°N 73.93710°W / 40.78003; -73.93710
Length	8 mi (13 km)
Basin features
Tributaries
• left	Bronx Kill

The northern stretch, also called the Spuyten Duyvil ("spewing devil") Creek, has been significantly altered for navigation purposes. Originally it curved around the north of Marble Hill, but in 1895 the Harlem River Ship Canal was dug between Manhattan and Marble Hill, and in 1914 the original course was filled in.

Use

Harlem River Drive and Harlem River Greenway run along the west bank of the river, and the Metro-North Railroad's Hudson Line and Major Deegan Expressway on the east.

The Harlem River was the traditional rowing course for New York, analogous to the Charles River in Boston and the Schuylkill River in Philadelphia. On the Harlem's banks is the boathouse for the Columbia University crew, and the river is the home course for the university's crew. Since 1952, a large flat rock face, called the "(Big) C Rock" has been painted with Columbia's varsity "C".[1] Also on the river are the Peter Jay Sharp Boathouse and Harlem River Community Rowing, two community rowing facilities. The river is used by crews from New York University, Fordham University, and Manhattan College, though the only university with permanent facilities on the river is Columbia.^{[citation needed]}

Historically, the west bank of the Harlem River was also an amusement destination. The area between 190th and 192nd Streets was occupied by the Fort George Amusement Park, a trolley park/amusement park, from 1895 to 1914. Its site is now a seating area in Highbridge Park.[2] In the 1890s, the City of New York built a racetrack for horses, the Harlem River Speedway, along the riverbank of the park;[3] the project started construction in 1894[4] and opened in July 1898.[5] The Speedway later became the Harlem River Drive, and regular motorists were first allowed on the drive in 1919.[6]

Crossings

v t e Harlem River
Legend
Hudson River Spuyten Duyvil Bridge Henry Hudson Bridge The Bronx Manhattan Broadway Bridge Manhattan The Bronx University Heights Bridge Washington Bridge Alexander Hamilton Bridge High Bridge Concourse Tunnel ​ Macombs Dam Bridge 145th Street Bridge 149th Street Tunnel Madison Avenue Bridge Park Avenue Bridge Lexington Avenue Tunnel ​​ Third Avenue Bridge Willis Avenue Bridge Bronx Kill The Bronx Manhattan Robert F. Kennedy Bridge Little Hell Gate Wards Island Bridge East River

The Harlem River is spanned by seven swing bridges, four lift bridges, and four arch bridges,[7] and is navigable to any boat with less than 55 feet (16.8 m) of air draft. However, any boat requiring more than 5 feet (1.5 m) of clearance will require the Spuyten Duyvil Bridge to swing open. All other movable bridges on the Harlem River provide at least 24 feet (7.3 m) of clearance while closed, so boats and ships requiring between 5 and 24 feet (1.5 and 7.3 m) of clearance need only have one bridge swing open. These bridges replaced fixed bridges or lower bridges in the late 19th century to improve navigation. High Bridge was erected between 1837 and 1848 to carry the Croton Aqueduct across the river. It is the oldest bridge in New York City.

The New York City Department of Transportation advises that while they make every effort to ensure that all bridges are operating, many of them are under repair at any time, and outside contractors are responsible for opening of bridges under repair.

Crossing	Image	Carries	Location	Coordinates
Wards Island Bridge	Top: closed position bottom: open position	Pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and Wards Island	40.7861°N 73.9371°W / 40.7861; -73.9371 (Ward's Island Bridge)
Robert F. Kennedy Triboro Lift Bridge (Harlem Lift Bridge)		NY State Route 900G (6 road lanes)	Manhattan and Randall's Island	40.8003°N 73.9278°W / 40.8003; -73.9278 (RFK Triboro Lift Bridge)
Willis Avenue Bridge	Top: 1901 bridge; bottom: 2010 bridge	Northbound auto traffic; Pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8035°N 73.9289°W / 40.8035; -73.9289 (Willis Avenue Bridge)
Third Avenue Bridge		Southbound auto traffic; Pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8076°N 73.9325°W / 40.8076; -73.9325 (Third Avenue Bridge)
Lexington Avenue Tunnel		IRT Lexington Avenue Line (​​ trains)	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8095°N 73.9332°W / 40.8095; -73.9332 (Lexington Avenue Tunnel)
Park Avenue Bridge		Metro-North Railroad	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8111°N 73.9333°W / 40.8111; -73.9333 (Park Avenue Bridge)
Madison Avenue Bridge		Southbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8115°N 73.9327°W / 40.8115; -73.9327 (Madison Avenue Bridge)
149th Street Tunnel		IRT White Plains Road Line ( train)	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8189°N 73.9331°W / 40.8189; -73.9331 (149th Street Tunnel)
145th Street Bridge		Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8195°N 73.9331°W / 40.8195; -73.9331 (145th Street Bridge)
Macombs Dam Bridge		Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8281°N 73.9339°W / 40.8281; -73.9339 (Macombs Dam Bridge)
Putnam Bridge (1881–1960)		Ninth Avenue El	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8322°N 73.9343°W / 40.8322; -73.9343 (Putnam Bridge)
Concourse Tunnel		IND Concourse Line (​ trains)	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8306°N 73.9341°W / 40.8306; -73.9341 (Concourse Tunnel)
High Bridge		Pedestrian	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8423°N 73.9303°W / 40.8423; -73.9303 (High Bridge)
Alexander Hamilton Bridge		Interstate 95 U.S. Route 1	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8456°N 73.9287°W / 40.8456; -73.9287 (Alexander Hamilton Bridge)
Washington Bridge		Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8469°N 73.9281°W / 40.8469; -73.9281 (Washington Bridge)
University Heights Bridge		Westbound/eastbound auto traffic; pedestrian/bicycle	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8628°N 73.9150°W / 40.8628; -73.9150 (University Heights Bridge)
Broadway Bridge		US 9 IRT Broadway – Seventh Avenue Line ( train)	Manhattan Island and Marble Hill, Manhattan	40.8736°N 73.9111°W / 40.8736; -73.9111 (Broadway Bridge)
Henry Hudson Bridge		NY 9A Henry Hudson Parkway	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8779°N 73.9218°W / 40.8779; -73.9218 (Henry Hudson Bridge)
Spuyten Duyvil Bridge		Amtrak Empire Connection	Manhattan and the Bronx	40.8783°N 73.9256°W / 40.8783; -73.9256 (Spuyten Duyvil Bridge)

See also

• Geography of New York City
• Geography of New York Harbor
• List of New York rivers

References

Notes

This article needs additional citations for verification. (November 2010)

Further reading

• Botella, Rodrigue Ruiz (October 27, 2019). Harlem River. ISBN 978-1-702-82578-8., a novel that highlights the Harlem River and its surroundings

External links

• Media related to Harlem River at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

[de] Harlem River

[es] Río Harlem

[it] Fiume Harlem

[ru] Харлем (пролив)