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The Glorieuses or Glorioso Islands (French: Îles Glorieuses or officially also Archipel des Glorieuses) are a group of French islands and rocks totaling 5 square kilometres (1,200 acres). They are controlled by France as part of the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean in the French Southern and Antarctic Lands, a French overseas territory, but are also claimed by Comoros, Madagascar and formerly by Seychelles. They are geographically part of the Comoro Islands between the French overseas region of Mayotte and the nation of Madagascar.

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Glorioso Islands Îles Glorieuses (French)
Flag
Motto: Liberté, égalité, fraternité "Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood"
Anthem: "La Marseillaise"
Map of the Scattered Islands in the Indian Ocean

Archipelago

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The archipelago consists of two islands, Grande Glorieuse (11°34′46.54″S 47°17′54.14″E) and Île du Lys, as well as eight rock islets (Roches Vertes): Wreck Rock (11°30′45.19″S 47°22′54.17″E), South Rock (11°35′43.76″S 47°18′6.66″E) and Verte Rocks (11°34′15.63″S 47°19′54.18″E) and three other rocks that are unnamed. They form part of a coral reef and lagoon. Grande Glorieuses is roughly circular and measures about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) across. It is thickly vegetated, mainly by the remains of a coconut plantation and casuarina trees.

Île du Lys, located at 11°30′59.35″S 47°22′36.02″E about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) northeast of Grande Glorieuses, is about 600 metres (2,000 ft) long and consists of sand dunes and scrub with some mangroves. It was formerly quarried for phosphate (guano).

The Glorieuses have an Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) of 48,350 square kilometres (18,670 sq mi). There are anchorages offshore, and Grande Glorieuse has a 1,300-metre (4,300 ft) long airstrip.

Climate

The climate is tropical and the terrain is low and flat, varying in height from sea level to 12 metres (39 ft). Île de Lys in particular is a nesting ground for migratory seabirds, and turtles lay eggs on the beaches. In the ocean, migratory species such as humpback whales and whale sharks may appear.[1]

History

While probably earlier known to Arab (perhaps especially Yemeni) navigators, the Glorieuses were named and settled in 1880 by a Frenchman, Hippolyte Caltaux, who established a coconut plantation on Grande Glorieuse. The archipelago became a French possession in 1892 when Captain Richard of the Primauget made a formal claim. In 1895, the Glorioso Island became a part of the colony of Mayotte and dependencies.

From 1914 to 1958, concessions to exploit the islands were given to Seychelles companies. The islands are today nature reserves with a meteorological station garrisoned by the French Foreign Legion.[2] Despite the Glorioso Islands never having been a part of the Malagasy Protectorate but a part of the colony of Mayotte and dependencies, then a part of French Comoros, Madagascar has claimed sovereignty over the islands since 1972.[3] The Comoros claims Mayotte and Glorioso Islands.[4] The Seychelles claimed the islands too before the France–Seychelles Maritime Boundary Agreement in 2001.

In 2012, France founded Glorioso Islands Marine Natural Park, a marine protected area, to preserve the endangered flora and fauna of the islands.[5]

Gallery

• 
  Map
• 
  Island overview
• 
  Satellite image of the islands

See also

• France–Seychelles Maritime Boundary Agreement
• Moheli Marine Park
• Glorioso Islands Marine Natural Park

References

На других языках

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[de] Îles Glorieuses

Die Îles Glorieuses (kurz auch les Glorieuses; auch Glorioso-Inseln; deutsch etwa „ruhmvolle Inseln“) sind eine unbewohnte tropische Inselgruppe mit einer Gesamtfläche von etwa 7 km²[1] im Indischen Ozean, nördlich von Madagaskar am nördlichen Ende der Straße von Mosambik gelegen. Politisch gehören sie zu den Îles Éparses, einem Distrikt des französischen Überseegebiets Terres australes et antarctiques françaises.

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- [en] Glorioso Islands

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[es] Islas Gloriosas

Las islas Gloriosas[1] o Glorioso (en francés: Îles Glorieuses[2] o también Archipel des Glorieuses) son un grupo de islas e islotes deshabitados del océano Índico pertenecientes a Francia, que en total apenas comprenden una superficie de 7 km².

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[fr] Îles Glorieuses

Les îles Glorieuses[1] sont un archipel inhabité formé sur un atoll situé dans l'océan Indien, entre Madagascar et l'archipel des Comores. Il est composé de deux îles sablonneuses entourées par une barrière de corail d’où émergent aussi plusieurs récifs coralliens[2],[3]. L'archipel mesure 7 km2.

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[it] Isole Gloriose

Le Isole Gloriose o Glorioso (in francese: Îles Glorieuses) sono un arcipelago disabitato di 5 km² nell'Oceano Indiano. Si trovano a nord-ovest del Madagascar. Sono un possedimento francese dal 1892, ma vengono rivendicate anche dal Madagascar e dalle Seychelles.

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[ru] Глорьёз

Острова Глорьёз (фр. Îles Glorieuses также Archipel des Glorieuses) — группа маленьких необитаемых островов в Индийском океане. Географически относятся к Коморскому архипелагу.

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