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Tengiz Lake (Kazakh: Теңіз көлі, Teñız kölı; Russian: Тенгиз[2]) is a saline lake in north-central part of Kazakhstan.[3]
| Tengiz | |
|---|---|
| Теңіз көлі | |
 2008 | |
  Tengiz | |
| Location | Kazakhstan |
| Coordinates | 50°26′23″N 68°54′0″E |
| Type | Salt lake |
| Primary inflows | Nura, Kulanotpes |
| Basin countries | Kazakhstan |
| Surface area | 1,382 km2 (534 sq mi) |
| Average depth | 2.5 m (8 ft 2 in) |
| Max. depth | 6.7 m (22 ft) |
| Shore length1 | 470 km (290 mi) |
| Surface elevation | 305 m (1,001 ft) |
| Islands | Tengizi Islands |
Ramsar Wetland | |
| Official name | Kourgaldzhin and Tengiz Lakes |
| Designated | 11 October 1976 |
| Reference no. | 107 [1] |
| 1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. | |
On 16 October 1976, the Soviet spacecraft Soyuz 23 unintentionally splashed down into the northern part of the lake, which was frozen, crashing through the ice. The crew was saved thanks to a very difficult but successful rescue operation.[4]
Geography
Tengiz is a shallow lake, subject to seasonal variations in water level. Its eastern shore is deeply indented and includes the Tengizi Islands.[5] The lake is located in an intermontane basin of the Kazakh Uplands and is the largest of the area.[6]
The Nura and Kulanotpes are the main rivers flowing into the lake. Lake Korgalzhyn is located in the eastern part, and Kypshak and Kirey to the southwest of lake Tengiz.[7]
Ecology
Lake Tengiz is an important wetland site for birds. It is a part of a Ramsar wetland site of international importance, the Tengiz-Korgalzhyn Lake System. 318 species of birds have been recorded at Lake Tengiz, 22 of which are endangered.[8] It is the most northerly nesting site for the Greater flamingo; in the years 2006-2011 around 45,000 members of that species were noted. In 2015, however, the number dropped to less than 15,000. The lake is part of the Korgalzhyn Nature Reserve, for which it was nominated in 2008 together with the Naurzum Nature Reserve as the first natural UNESCO World Heritage Site in Kazakhstan (Saryarka — Steppe and Lakes of Northern Kazakhstan).
Tengiz Lake with a relative low level,
3 September 2011, north-east part and lake margins dried up,
photo taken by Landsat 5 satellite.
References
- "Kourgaldzhin and Tengiz Lakes". Ramsar Convention Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- Tengiz, dengiz, deniz, etc. means "sea" in Turkic languages
- "Tengiz", a LakeNet profile
- Encyclopedia Astronautica, Soyuz 23
- Lake Tengiz - Britannica.com
- Казахский мелкосопочник (Kazakh Uplands) Great Soviet Encyclopedia in 30 vols. — Ch. ed. A.M. Prokhorov. - 3rd ed. - M. Soviet Encyclopedia, 1969-1978. (in Russian)
- "M-42 Topographic Chart (in Russian)". Retrieved 13 August 2022.
- "Tengiz Lake and Korgaljinski Lakes" Archived 30 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine
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На других языках
[de] Tengissee
Der Tengissee (kasachisch Теңіз; russisch Тенгиз) ist ein Salzsee in Kasachstan. Der See befindet sich inmitten der Kasachischen Schwelle.- [en] Lake Tengiz
[fr] Lac Tengiz
Le lac Tengiz (en russe : Тенгиз, en kazakh : Теңіз), ou Tenguiz, est un lac salé, situé au Kazakhstan, à cheval sur l'oblys de Karaganda et l'oblys d'Aqmola. Il a une superficie de 1 382 km2[1]. La rivière Noura s'y jette.[it] Lago Tengiz
Il lago Tengiz è un lago della Regione di Aqmola, in Kazakistan. Occupa una superficie di 1382 km² e ha una profondità massima di 6,7 m. Il 16 ottobre 1976 nelle acque della parte settentrionale del lago atterrò il velivolo della missione spaziale sovietica Sojuz 23. La navicella fu recuperata dopo diverse ore e i cosmonauti Vjačeslav Dmitrievič Zudov e Valerij Il'ič Roždestvenskij rimasero illesi.[ru] Тенгиз (озеро)
Тенги́з[6][7][1][3] (каз. Теңіз — «море, большое озеро»[8]; Тениз[2][9], Денгиз[3], Нуринское[9]) — горько-солёное бессточное озеро на западе Тенгиз-Кургальджинской впадины в северной части Казахского мелкосопочника (Сары-Арка)[3][10][8], крупнейшее из Тенгиз-Кургальджинских озёр. Находится в Казахстане у границы Акмолинской области с Карагандинской, на территории Коргалжынского района[7][2]. Входит в состав Коргалжынского заповедника[11], который с 2008 года является частью объекта Всемирного наследия ЮНЕСКО «Сарыарка — Степи и озёра Северного Казахстана»[12]. В 1976 году Тенгиз-Кургальджинская система озёр была включена в перечень водно-болотных угодий международного значения, подпадающих под действие Рамсарской конвенции[13].Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
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