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Lake Tarawera is the largest of a series of lakes which surround the volcano Mount Tarawera in the North Island of New Zealand. Like the mountain, it lies within the Okataina caldera. It is located 18 kilometres (11 mi) to the east of Rotorua, and beneath the peaks of the Tarawera massif i.e. Wahanga, Ruawahia, Tarawera and Koa. The lake's surface area is 39 square kilometres (15 sq mi).

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Lake Tarawera
Lake Tarawera
Lake Tarawera Show map of New Zealand Lake Tarawera Show map of North Island
Location	Rotorua Lakes, Bay of Plenty Region, North Island
Coordinates	38°12′S 176°27′E
Basin countries	New Zealand
Max. length	11.4 km (7.1 mi)[1]
Max. width	9.0 km (5.6 mi)[1]
Surface area	41.0 km2 (15.8 sq mi)[1]
Average depth	57.0 m (187.0 ft)[1]
Max. depth	87.5 m (287 ft)[1]
Surface elevation	298 m (978 ft)[1]
References	[1]

Geography

The lake was substantially affected by the eruption of Mount Tarawera on 10 June 1886.[2][3][4] The lake outlet was blocked for two decades and the lake level increased.[5] The eruption killed over 150 people, and buried the Māori village of Te Wairoa on the southwest shore of the lake.[6][7]

Also assumed destroyed were the famed Pink and White Terraces. However, in February 2011 a team mapping the lake floor discovered what appeared to be part of the Pink Terraces. The lowest two tiers of the terraces were reportedly found in their original place at 60 metres (200 ft) deep (too deep for scuba diving without special gas gear). Subsequently, a portion of the White Terraces was reportedly rediscovered in June 2011. The announcement of the rediscovery of the White Terraces coincided with the 125th anniversary of the eruption of Mt. Tarawera in 1886. It was thought that the rest of the terraces may be buried in sediment rather than having been destroyed.

More recent research questions these earlier findings and reports the Pink and White terrace spring sites instead lie on land (along with a lesser-known Black Terrace spring).[8][9][10][11]

Tarawera means "Burnt Spear", named by a visiting hunter who left his bird spears in a hut and on returning the following season found both the spears and hut had been burned down completely.[12]

The lake is filled primarily by water flowing through the volcanic rocks and ashes, only about 42% being from water flowing in streams, etc.[13] The flows are estimated to be -[14]

Water flows to Lake Tarawera	litres/sec
Rotomahana to Tarawera (including 700 from Rerewhakaaitu and 67 from Okaro)	3018
Te Puroku No. 2 (from rock face spring)[13]	384
Okataina to Tarawera	350
Te Wairoa Stream	310.6
Okareka to Tarawera	245
Jetty Stream (ramp 4)	226
Rotokakahi to Tarawera (including 85 from Tikitapu)	210
Wairua Stream	208
Tarawera Peak Stream rockslide	173.5
Te Puroku No. 1	123
Waitangi Stream	102.3
Tarawera Peak Stream spring	91
Tarawera Peak and Camp stream	64.5
Te Wairoa wharf spring	26.6
Te Whekau Stream	19.5
Orchard Stream	15.6
Other surface flows	10
Waitangui spring	3.9
Spencer Rd Ford Stream	1.5
Total surface inflow	1760
Total surface outflow (Tarawera River)	7240

Lake Tarawera is home to eels and rainbow trout. During the summer it is popular for both fishing and water sports, and also camping as there a number of hot water beaches.

The main hot water sources are in the southern section of the lake at the Wairua Stream, Hot Water Beach and Te Puha and Tarawera fumaroles. There is also a small geothermal area at Humphrey's Bay, to the south of Lake Okataina.[13] Water varies between 37 °C (99 °F) and 90 °C (194 °F).[14]

Lake Tarawera's outflow is at its north east end, into the Tarawera River, which flows northeast into the Bay of Plenty.

References

External links

• Media related to Lake Tarawera at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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[de] Lake Tarawera

Der Lake Tarawera ist der mit 39 km² Fläche größte einer Reihe von Seen um den Vulkan Mount Tarawera in der Bay of Plenty auf der Nordinsel Neuseelands. Berg und Seen liegen in der in den letzten 300.000 Jahren entstandenen Okataina-Caldera. Er liegt etwa 18 km östlich von Rotorua und fünf Kilometer westlich des Berges.

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- [en] Lake Tarawera

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[fr] Lac Tarawera

Le lac Tarawera est un lac de l'Île du Nord de la Nouvelle-Zélande, situé à Rotorua.

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[it] Lago Tarawera

Il lago Tarawera è il più grande fra i laghi che circondano il monte Tarawera, nella regione di Bay of Plenty nell'Isola del Nord della Nuova Zelanda.

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[ru] Таравера (озеро)

Тараве́ра[1] (англ. Tarawera) — кратерное озеро на Северном острове в регионе Бей-оф-Пленти Новой Зеландии[2].

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