geo.wikisort.org - Island

Arapaoa Island, formerly known as Arapawa Island, is an island located in the Marlborough Sounds, at the north east tip of the South Island of New Zealand. The island has a land area of 75 km² (29 square miles). Queen Charlotte Sound / Tōtaranui defines its western side, while to the south lies Tory Channel / Kura Te Au, which is on the sea route from Wellington in the North Island to Picton. Cook Strait's narrowest point is between Arapaoa Island's Perano Head and Cape Terawhiti in the North Island.

Arapaoa Island

Southern end of Arapaoa Island
Arapaoa Island
Geography
Location	Marlborough Sounds
Coordinates	41.18951°S 174.30290°E / -41.18951; 174.30290
Area	75 km2 (29 sq mi)
Length	28 km (17.4 mi)
Width	4 km (2.5 mi)
Highest elevation	559.4 m (1835.3 ft)
Highest point	Narawhia
Administration
New Zealand
Demographics
Population	50

History

According to Māori oral tradition, the island was where the great navigator Kupe killed the octopus Te Wheke-a-Muturangi.[1]

It was from a hill on Arapaoa Island in 1770 that Captain James Cook first saw the sea passage from the Pacific Ocean to the Tasman Sea, which was named Cook Strait. This discovery banished the fond notion of geographers that there existed a great southern continent, Terra Australis. A monument at Cook's Lookout was erected in 1970.

From the late 1820s until the mid-1960s, Arapaoa Island was a base for whaling in the Sounds. John Guard established a shore station at Te Awaiti in 1827, however initially could only salvage baleen until the station was equipped to process whale oil from 1830 onwards, targeting right whales.[2] Later, the station at Perano Head on the east coast of the island was used to hunt humpback whales from 1911 to 1964 (see Whaling in New Zealand). The houses built by the Perano family are now operated as tourist accommodations.

In the 2000s the former whalers from the Perano and Heberley families, who live on Arapawa, joined a Department of Conservation whale spotting programme to assess how the humpback whale population has recovered since the end of whaling.[3][4][5]

In August 2014, the spelling of the island's name was officially altered from Arapawa to Arapaoa.[6]

Aircraft accident

The 11,000-volt power lines linking the mainland and Arapaoa Island over Tory Channel was struck by an Air Albatross Cessna 402 commuter aircraft in 1985. The crash was witnessed by many passengers on an inter-island Cook Strait ferry. The ferry immediately stopped to dispatch a rescue lifeboat. Along with the two pilots, one entire family died, and all but a young girl from the other. No bodies were ever found. The sole survivor (Cindy Mosey) was travelling with her family and the other family from Nelson to Wellington to attend a gymnastics competition. The Arapaoa Island crash caused public confidence in Air Albatross to falter, contributing to the company going into liquidation in December of that year.

Conservation

Parts of the island have been heavily cleared of native vegetation in the past through burning and logging, A number of pine forests were planted on the island.[7] Wilding pines, an invasive species in some parts of New Zealand, are being poisoned on the island to allow the regenerating native vegetation to grow. About 200 hectares (490 acres) at Ruaomoko Point on the south-eastern portion of the island will be killed by drilling holes into the trees and injecting poison.[8]

Arapaoa Island is known for the breeds of pigs, sheep and goats found only on the island. These became established in the 19th century, but the origin of these breeds is uncertain, and a matter of some speculation. Common suggestions are that they are old English breeds introduced by the early whalers, or by Captain Cook or other early explorers. These breeds are now extinct in England, and the goats surviving in a sanctuary on the island are now also bred in other parts of New Zealand and in the northern hemisphere.

The small Brothers Islands, which lie off the northeast coast of Arapaoa Island, are a sanctuary for the rare Brothers Island tuatara.

See also

• List of islands of New Zealand

References

Further reading

• Philp, Matt. 2011. The Sound of the Sea. New Zealand Geographic, 110.
• Heberley, Heather. 1996. Weather permitting. Whatamango Bay, N.Z. : Cape Catley. ISBN 0908561490
• Heberley, Heather. 1997. Flood tide. Whatamango Bay, N.Z. : Cape Catley. ISBN 090856161X

External links

• Arapawa Goats
• Arapawa Pigs
• Arapawa Sheep

На других языках

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[de] Arapaoa Island

Arapaoa Island, vor August 2014 Arapawa Island genannt[1], ist eine Insel in den Marlborough Sounds, am Nordostende der Südinsel von Neuseeland und dem Marlborough District zugehörig.[2]

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- [en] Arapaoa Island

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[es] Isla de Arapaoa

La isla de Arapaoa, antes conocida como isla de Arapawa, es una isla situada en los Marlborough Sounds, en el extremo noreste de la Isla Sur de Nueva Zelanda. La isla tiene una superficie de 75 km2. El estrecho de la Reina Carlota / Tōtaranui define su lado occidental, mientras que al sur se encuentra el canal Tory / Kura Te Au, que se encuentra en la ruta marítima desde Wellington, en la Isla Norte, hasta Picton. El punto más estrecho del estrecho de Cook se encuentra entre Perano Head, en la isla de Arapaoa, y el cabo Terawhiti, en la isla Norte.

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[fr] Île Arapaoa

L'île Arapaoa, anciennement connu sous le nom Arapawa, est la deuxième île la plus importante des Marlborough Sounds, en Nouvelle-Zélande, après l'île d'Urville. Elle sépare la baie de Tōtaranui du canal de Tory.

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[it] Isola di Arapawa

L'isola di Arapawa è un'isola neozelandese del Pacifico meridionale. È situata a breve distanza dalla costa occidentale dell'Isola del Sud, nell'area degli Stretti di Marlborough.

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[ru] Арапава

Арапава (англ. Arapawa Island) — небольшой остров в северо-восточной части острова Южный (Новая Зеландия). Площадь — около 75 км².

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