The island is long and thin - just over 1.41 square kilometres (0.54sqmi) in area with a length of 4km (2.5mi) (the long axis being aligned north-east to south-west) and a maximum width of 1km (0.62mi). It was reserved for public utility on 26 March 1926 and soon after became a farm which ran between 300 and 400 sheep until 14 January 1926 when the island became a scenic reserve.[3] With the removal of stock in the 1930s the island has been left to regenerate back into native bush.
In April 1993, the Long Island-Kokomohua Marine reserve was created around Long island and the tiny Kokomohua islands off its northern tip.[4] It extends 460 metres (1,510ft) offshore from the high water mark around the islands and was the first Marine reserve to be created in the South Island.[1] The island itself is also an important wildlife refuge and a number of species of threatened endemic birds which have been reintroduced to it including little spotted kiwi (late 1980s), yellow-crowned parakeet (2001) and South Island saddleback (2005) - all these reintroductions have been successful with healthy breeding populations of each species now present on the Island.[5][6]
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