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Obvodny Canal (Russian: Обводный канал, lit. Bypass Canal) is the longest canal in Saint Petersburg, Russia, which in the 19th century served as the southern limit of the city. It is 8 kilometres (5 mi) long and flows from the Neva River near Alexander Nevsky Lavra to the Yekaterinhofka not far from the sea port. The canal was dug in 1769–1780 and 1805–1833. By the late 19th century, after to the Industrial Revolution, it had effectively become a sewer collecting wastewater of adjacent industrial enterprises. Eventually the canal became shallow and no longer navigable. The banks of the canal are lined with granite.

Obvodny Canal
Location
CountryRussia
Physical characteristics
Source 
  locationNeva
  coordinates59.9198°N 30.3985°E / 59.9198; 30.3985
Mouth 
  location
Ekaterinhofka
  coordinates
59.9093°N 30.2606°E / 59.9093; 30.2606
Length8.08 km (5.02 mi)
Obvodny Canal
Obvodny Canal
Houses near the Canal
Houses near the Canal
Gas tank of the St. Petersburg Gas Plant
Gas tank of the St. Petersburg Gas Plant
Obvodny Canal from Novo-Kalinkin Bridge. April 2016
Obvodny Canal from Novo-Kalinkin Bridge. April 2016

History



Construction


The channel was dug in 1769–1780s by an engineer L. K. Carbonnier, its course went from the Yekaterinhofka River to the Ligovsky Canal. Initially the Obvodny Canal had a bulwark on the city side.

On December 23, 1804, the construction of the eastern part was started by Ivan Gerard. The city annually allotted 1 mln 230 thousand roubles for the project. The works continued in 1816–1833, managed by Paul Clapeyron and Pierre-Dominique Bazaine. By 1834 the Obvodny Canal turned into the south city borderline, more than 10 km long and 20 m wide.


The French Basin


In the 1840s the L-shaped channel was constructed to allow vessel unloading and moorage. The new French Basin started from the Obvodny Canal near the Alexander Nevsky Lavra and turned West from Glinyanaya street. To allow moorage the Obvodny Canal significantly widened here. The resulted basin is sometimes marked as the "Obvodny Canal basin". The peninsula between the channel and the French Basin used to have railroads from the end of the 19th up to mid 20th century.


19th century


From the second part of the century the areas around the Obvodny Canal became an industrial district, as a result the channel became an open wastewater sewer. Still it continued to serve as a cheap and convenient throughway for cargo transportation. In the mid 19th century two railroad stations (Varshavsky and Baltiysky) were opened nearby.


Current state


Nowadays the channel is very shallow; navigation is allowed only for small crafts. It is no longer an important waterway, but its embankments turned into major city routes. The channel is crossed by 15 automobile, 6 pedestrian and 1 railroad bridges. Several redevelopment projects are initiated to bring new life into the former industrial buildings.

Water system of Ligovsky Canal
Legend
Dudergofskoye lake
Dudergofka River
1718-1721
To Moskovskoye s.
Three highways interchange
Ring Road
To Bronka
Three highways interchange
Dachnaya street
Three highways interchange
Diameter
To sea port terminal
To Predportovaya
To Ulyanka, Ligovo
To Predportovaya
To Leninsky Prospekt
To Predportovaya
To Leninsky Prospekt
To Konstitutsii square
Leninsky Pr.
To Leninsky Metro
Krasnenkaya River
To Konstitutsii square
Krasnoputilovskaya
To Avtovo
Moscow Gate Square
Moskovsky Avenue
Tsarskoselskaya Railway
Kubinskaya Street
Y. V. Aqueduct
Aviatorov Pound
Znamenskya Square
Nevsky Prospect
Ponds
Panteleymonovsky Aqueduct
Fountains of the Summer Garden
Ponds in Tauride Garden
Steam pump
Water inlet
1720s
Neva
Moyka



На других языках


[de] Obwodny-Kanal

Der Obwodny-Kanal (russisch Обводный канал) ist der größte Kanal von Sankt Petersburg in Russland. Er verbindet die Newa mit dem Fluss Jekateringofka.
- [en] Obvodny Canal

[ru] Обводный канал

Обво́дный кана́л, в 1-й половине XIX века также Загородный канал — самый крупный канал в Санкт-Петербурге. Берёт начало от реки Невы в районе Александро-Невской лавры и доходит до реки Екатерингофки.



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