geo.wikisort.org - RiverThe Nechako River arises on the Nechako Plateau east of the Kitimat Ranges of the Coast Mountains of British Columbia, Canada, and flows north toward Fort Fraser, then east to Prince George where it enters the Fraser River. "Nechako" is an anglicization of netʃa koh, its name in the indigenous Carrier language which means "big river".[2]
River in British Columbia, Canada
Nechako River |
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The Nechako River and Highway 16 bridge, near Fort Fraser |
Etymology | Dakelh term meaning "big river"[1] |
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Country | Canada |
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Province | British Columbia |
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District | Cariboo Land District |
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City | Prince George |
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Source | Nechako Plateau |
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Mouth | Fraser River |
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• location | Prince George |
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• coordinates | 53°55′2″N 122°42′53″W[2] |
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• elevation | 559 m (1,834 ft)[3] |
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Length | 516 km (321 mi)[1] |
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Basin size | 42,700 km2 (16,500 sq mi) |
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Discharge | |
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• location | gage at Isle Pierre[4] |
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• average | 277 m3/s (9,800 cu ft/s)[4] |
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• minimum | 40.8 m3/s (1,440 cu ft/s) |
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• maximum | 1,180 m3/s (42,000 cu ft/s) |
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The Nechako River's main tributaries are the Stuart River, which enters about 45 kilometres (28 mi) east of Vanderhoof, the Endako River, the Chilako River, which enters about 15 kilometres (9 mi) west of Prince George, and the Nautley River, a short stream from Fraser Lake. Other tributaries include the Cheslatta River, which drains Cheslatta Lake and enters the Nechako at the foot of the Nechako Canyon via Cheslatta Falls, near Kenney Dam and the Nechako Reservoir.
History
The expedition of Alexander MacKenzie went past the mouth of the Nechako in 1793, curiously without observing it. The first European to ascend the Nechako was James McDougall, a member of Simon Fraser's expedition, in 1806.
Nechako Reservoir
The Nechako is one of the main tributaries of the Fraser River, although half[5] of its flow was diverted through the Coast Mountains to the Kemano generating station at sea level on the Gardner Canal, 858 metres (2,815 ft) below the reservoir's intakes, which supplies power to the aluminum smelter at nearby Kitimat. The main reservoir of the Nechako power diversion is called the Nechako Reservoir or Ootsa Lake Reservoir, but there are many subnames for different parts of the lake because its conversion into a reservoir involved the amalgamation of chains of lakes, the largest of which were Eutsuk Lake and Natalkuz Lake, which form the south arm of the reservoir. The reservoir's alternate name comes from Ootsa Lake, now merged into the north arm of the reservoir but originally flowing into the Oosta River, a tributary of the Nechako. Other lakes also merged into the north arm are Whitesail Lake and Tahtsa Lake, with the correspondingly-named rivers connecting them now flooded and renamed Whitesail Reach and Tahtsa Reach. The Quanchus Range is located between the two arms of the reservoir.
The damming of the Nechako in 1952 and the consequent massive reduction in flow has been the source of considerable political controversy. The Cheslatta Carrier Nation, a subgroup of the Dakelh or Carrier people, were flooded out by the creation of the reservoir and forced to abandon their homes with only two weeks' warning. The increase in water temperature caused by the reduction in flow has been an ongoing problem for the salmon run on the Fraser and Stuart Rivers as well as the Nechako. Populations of White Sturgeon may have also been affected as studies show an unnatural decline in late-juvenile/early adult populations of the species.
See also
- List of tributaries of the Fraser River
- List of British Columbia rivers
References
- "Fraser Basin Watersheds". Fraser Basin Council. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
- "Nechako River". BC Geographical Names.
- Mouth elevation derived from ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model, using GeoLocator, and BCGNIS source coordinates.
- "Archived Hydrometric Data Search". Water Survey of Canada. Archived from the original on 24 December 2010. Retrieved 4 August 2013. Search for Station 08JC002 Nechako River at Isle Pierre
- T D French, P A Chambers. "Reducing flows in the Nechako River". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. doi:10.1139/f97-133.
Further reading
- Christensen, Bev (1995) Too Good to be True. Vancouver: Talonbooks. (A history of the Kemano project, which dammed the Nechako.)
- Giesbrecht, Jean Clark (1994) Heritage Lost: A People's History of the Ootsa Lake Region 1905-1955. Likely, BC: Quesnel Lake Publishing. (Contains an account of the flooding caused by the construction of the Kemano Project.)
- Wood, June (2013). Home to the Nechako: The River and the Land. Heritage House Publishing Co. ISBN 978-1-927527-13-9. Retrieved 4 August 2013.
External links
Hydrography of British Columbia |
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Rivers | |
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Lakes | |
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Coastal features | Haida Gwaii |
- Cumshewa Inlet
- Dawrin Sound
- Laskeek Bay
- Masset Inlet
- Rennel Sound
- Skidegate Channel
- Skidegate Inlet
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North Coast |
- Arthur Passage
- Burke Channel
- Chatham Sound
- Dixon Entrance
- Douglas Channel
- Finlayston Channel
- Fisher Channel
- Fitz Hugh Sound
- Gardner Channel
- Grenville Channel
- Hecate Strait
- Juan Perez Sound
- Lama Passage
- Laredo Channel
- Milbanke Sound
- Portland Inlet
- Prince Rupert Harbour
- Princess Royal Channel
- Principe Channel
- Queen Charlotte Sound
- Rivers Inlet
- Seaforth Channel
- Smith Inlet
- Smith Sound
- Wright Sound
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Central Coast |
- Belize Inlet
- Bute Inlet
- Call Inlet
- Cordero Channel
- Drury Inlet
- Frederick Arm
- Goletas Channel
- Johnstone Strait
- Kingcome Inlet
- Knight Inlet
- Kyuquot Sound
- Loughborough Inlet
- Nodales Channel
- Phillips Arm
- Pryce Channel
- Queen Charlotte Strait
- Seymour Inlet
- Sutlej Channel
- Wells Passage
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Salish Sea |
- Active Pass
- Baynes Sound
- Boundary Bay
- Boundary Pass
- Burrard Inlet
- Calm Channel
- Captain Passage
- Desolation Sound
- Discovery Passage
- Haro Strait
- Homfray Channel
- Hoskyn Channel
- Howe Sound
- Jervis Inlet
- Malaspina Strait
- Okisollo Channel
- Port San Juan
- Ramsay Arm
- Saanich Inlet
- Sansum Narrows
- Satellite Channel
- Sechelt Inlet
- Stuart Channel
- Strait of Georgia
- Strait of Juan de Fuca
- Sutil Channel
- Toba Inlet
- Trincomali Channel
- Victoria Harbour
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Vancouver Island | |
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На других языках
[de] Nechako River
Der Nechako River ist ein etwa 290 km langer rechter Nebenfluss des Fraser River in der kanadischen Provinz British Columbia.
- [en] Nechako River
[es] Río Nechako
El río Nechako (en inglés: Nechako River),[3] pronunciado /nəˈtʃækoʊ/ es un río de la Columbia Británica, Canadá, uno de los principales afluentes del río Fraser. Tiene una longitud de 462 km (o 516 km[1]) y drena una cuenca de 47.100 km²,[2] similar a países como Eslovaquia, República Dominicana o Bután.
[it] Nechako
Il fiume Nechako è un affluente del fiume Fraser, in Canada. Nasce dal Plateau Nechako nella catena montuosa del Kitimat, sulle Montagne Costiere della Columbia Britannica; scorre a nord verso Fort Fraser, poi svolta ad est verso Prince George, dove sfocia nel Fraser. Il nome Nechako è un'anglicizzazione di netʃa koh, che in lingua Dakelh significa grande fiume.
Ha numerosi immissari, sia fiumi sia laghi; degni di nota sono: Cheslatta, Nautley, Stuart, Stellako, Tachie, Endako, Middle, Driftwood, François Lake, Fraser Lake, Nechako Reservoir, Stuart Lake, Takla Lake, Trembleur Lake.
[ru] Нечако
Нечако (англ. Nechako River) — река в провинции Британская Колумбия (Канада), приток реки Фрейзер.
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