geo.wikisort.org - Reservoir

Search / Calendar

The Tso Kar[2] or Tsho kar is a fluctuating salt lake known for its size and depth situated in the Rupshu Plateau and valley in the southern part of Ladakh in India.[3] It is also recognised as India's 42nd Ramsar site.[4]

"Tso Kar"
"Tso Kar"
LocationLadakh, India
Coordinates33°18′N 77°59′E
TypeOligotrophic lake
Primary inflowsPholokongka Chu
Primary outflowsnone
Max. length7.5 kilometres (4.7 mi)
Max. width2.3 kilometres (1.4 mi)
Surface area22 km2 (8.5 sq mi)
Surface elevation4,530 metres (14,860 ft)
Ramsar Wetland
Official nameTso Kar Wetland Complex
Designated17 November 2020
Reference no.2443[1]

Geography and climate


Panoramic view of Tsokar lake
Panoramic view of Tsokar lake
Tsokar settlement. 2010
Tsokar settlement. 2010
Wildass Homestay, Tsokar Lake. 2010
Wildass Homestay, Tsokar Lake. 2010
Tibetan Argali Homestay, Tsokar
Tibetan Argali Homestay, Tsokar

The Tso Kar is connected by an inlet stream at its south-west end to a small lake, Startsapuk Tso, and together they form the 9 km2 More plains pool, which is dominated by the peaks of two mountains, Thugje (6050 m) and Gursan (6370 m). From the geology of the More Plains, it can be concluded that the Tso Kar in historical times ranged up to this high valley. Until a few years ago the lake was an important source of salt, which the Changpa nomads used to export to Tibet. The nomadic settlement of Thugje is located 3 km in the north. There is a tented camp on the west bank of the lake which provides accommodation for tourists.[5][6]

Due to the high altitude, the climate is extreme in the winter; temperatures below -40 °C (-40 °F) are not uncommon. In the summer the temperature rises above 30 °C (86 °F), with extreme fluctuations during the day. Precipitation in the form of either rain or snow is extremely rare.[5]


Flora and fauna


Wild kiang near Tso Kar Lake
Wild kiang near Tso Kar Lake

The inlets of the Tso Kar are a source of non-saline water; pondweeds and basic nettles grow there, forming floating islands of vegetation in the spring and dying off in the winter. Sedge and large numbers of buttercups grow on the shores of Startsapuk Tso and of the tributaries of the Tso Kar, while some parts of the high basin are marked by steppe vegetation interspersed with tragacanth and pea bushes. The shore of Tso Kar is partly covered with a salt crust, which keeps vegetation away from the inflows.

Due to the salinity of the Tso Kar, most of the resident fauna is found in its tributaries and in Startsapuk Tso. There are large breeding colonies of grebes and brown-headed gulls, and some bar-headed geese, ruddy shelducks and terns. In the vicinity of the lake black-necked cranes and Tibetan grouse are relatively common. The basin of the Tso Kar and the adjoining More Plains constitute one of the most important habitats of the kiang, Tibetan gazelles, Tibetan wolves and foxes; there are himalayan marmots in the higher reaches. Yaks and horses are kept by nomads.[7][8]

Currently the lake basin has no special protection, but there are plans to include it within a national park which may be established in the highlands of south-eastern Ladakh.[7][9]


Access


The Tso Kar lies 160 km south of Leh; the Leh Manali road passes 30 km west of it. The lake is 540 km east of Srinagar, the capital of Jammu and Kashmir union territory.[7][9]

Accessed from two different routes: Through Leh-Manali route or Pangong Lake route. You can get neighborhood taxis from Leh to reach Tso Kar Lake through the Changtang locale covering absolute distance of 250 kilometers from Leh.


See also



References


  1. "Tso Kar Wetland Complex". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 30 December 2020.
  2. "Location of Tso Kar". geonames.org. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  3. Dharma Pal Agrawal; Brij Mohan Pande (1976). Ecology and Archaeology of Western India: Proceedings of a Workshop Held at the Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Feb. 23-26, 1976. Concept Publishing Company, 1977. p. 239–. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
  4. "Ladakh's Tso Kar wetland complex added to list of Ramsar sites". The Times of India. Retrieved 27 December 2020.
  5. "Tso Kar, Jammu and Kashmir Tourism". spectrumtour.com. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
  6. Dharma Pal Agrawal, Brij Mohan Pande (1977). Ecology and Archaeology of Western India: Proceedings of a Workshop Held at the Physical Research Laboratory, Ahmedabad, Feb. 23-26, 1976. Concept Publishing Company, 1977. p. 239–. Retrieved 4 December 2012.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  7. Ganesh Pangare; Vasudha Pangare; Binayak Das (2006). Springs of Life: India's Water Resources. Academic Foundation, 2006. p. 54–. ISBN 9788171884896. Retrieved 4 December 2012.
  8. Patricia Des Roses Moehlman, IUCN/SSC Equid Specialist Group (2002). Equids: Zebras, Asses, and Horses IUCN/SSC action plans for the conservation o biological diversity Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan SSC species action plans. IUCN, 2002. p. 76–. ISBN 9782831706474. Retrieved 4 December 2012.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: uses authors parameter (link)
  9. Brijraj Krishna Das (2008). Lakes: water and sediment geochemistry. Satish Serial Pub. House, 2008. p. 121–. ISBN 9788189304546. Retrieved 4 December 2012.



Literature



На других языках


[de] Tso Kar

Der Tso Kar[2] (Weißer See), auch als Kar Tso, Tsho Kar oder Kar Lake bekannt, ist ein in seiner Größe und Tiefe stark schwankender Salzsee im als Rupshu bezeichneten westlichen Teil des Changtang im Süden des indischen Unionsterritoriums Ladakh.
- [en] Tso Kar

[es] Tso Kar

El Tso Kar o Tsho kar, conocido por su tamaño y profundidad, es un lago salado fluctuante situado en la meseta de Rupshu y el valle en la parte meridional de Ladakh en el estado más al norte de indio de Jammu y Cachemira. Se encuentra 160 km al sur de Leh; la autopista de Leh-Manali pasa 30 kilómetros al oeste de él. El lago está a 540 km al este de Srinagar, la capital del estado.[1][2]



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2024
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии