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The Sierra Pelona, also known as the Sierra Pelona Ridge[2] or the Sierra Pelona Mountains, is a mountain ridge in the Transverse Ranges in Southern California.[3] Located in northwest Los Angeles County, the ridge is bordered on the north by the San Andreas fault and lies within and is surrounded by the Angeles National Forest.

Sierra Pelona
Sierra Pelona Mountains
View from Santa Clarita
Highest point
PeakBurnt Peak[1]
Elevation5,791 ft (1,765 m)
Coordinates34.6825°N 118.5768°W / 34.6825; -118.5768
Naming
EtymologySpanish for "Bald Mountains"
Geography
Sierra Pelona
Location of Sierra Pelona Ridge in California [2]
LocationLos Angeles County, California, U.S.
Parent rangeTransverse Ranges

Geography


The Sierra Pelona Mountains lie northwest of the San Gabriel Mountains, which are divided by the wide Soledad Canyon formation. The mountains are flanked to the south by the Santa Clarita Valley and separated from the Antelope Valley and the Mojave Desert to the north by the San Andreas Fault. Toward the southeast lie Vasquez Rocks, thrust up by the fault. The Tejon Pass separates the Sierra Pelonas, the San Emigdios and the Tehachapis near Gorman and Lebec.

Within the Sierra Pelonas lie the rural areas of Neenach, Three Points, Lake Hughes, Elizabeth Lake, Acton, Agua Dulce and Green Valley. The cities of Santa Clarita, Palmdale, and Lancaster are located at the base of the mountains.


Climate


The climate of the mountains is a Mediterranean climate. Summers are mostly dry except for occasional thunderstorms, and winters comparatively cold and wet. Snowfall is infrequent due to the relatively low elevations of mountains within this ridge, with only the few tallest peaks regularly receiving snowfall during the winter.


Ecology


Mainly the ridge falls under the California montane chaparral and woodlands ecoregion, excepting the northeastern flank's gradual slope into the Antelope Valley near Palmdale where the ecology transitions to that of the Mojave Desert. The mountains are primarily covered in short grasses, scrub oak trees, yucca, and other chaparral shrubs. The ridge is prone to wildfires in the summer and fall, especially when the Santa Ana winds blow in from the Antelope Valley.


Hydrology


Aerial view of the Sierra Pelona Mountains and San Andreas Fault
Aerial view of the Sierra Pelona Mountains and San Andreas Fault

Three major tributaries of the Santa Clara River and numerous minor watercourses and washes drain the ridge: Castaic Creek, San Francisquito Creek, and Bouquet Creek.

Three sag ponds nestle within the narrow valley that divides the mountains from the Antelope Valley: Hughes Lake, Munz Lakes, and Elizabeth Lake.


Human history



Native American habitation


The Native population of California in the Sierra Pelona and Santa Susana Mountains included te Tataviam and Serrano people. They traded with the Tongva and Chumash to the south and west, until the Spanish colonization of the Americas relocated them from their homelands.


18th and 19th centuries


The San Francisquito Canyon, which runs north-south through the mountains, served as a major wagon route between the Antelope and San Fernando Valleys. This corridor summited at San Francisquito Pass and was part of the El Camino Viejo - an alternate land route to the El Camino Real for reaching northern Spanish and Mexican colonial Alta California - as well as the Butterfield Overland Mail route.


20th century


The Ridge Route, a landmark two-lane highway that connected Los Angeles to the rest of California, was built along the western flank of the ridge and was completed in 1915. It was later bypassed by the Ridge Route Alternate (US 99) in 1930, itself superseded by Interstate 5 completed in 1971.

The rapid development of Southern California throughout the 20th century saw construction of the Los Angeles Aqueduct and five separate reservoirs to supply water to the region: Castaic Lake, Bouquet Reservoir, Drinkwater Reservoir, and Dry Canyon Reservoir and the St. Francis Reservoir, both now drained and destroyed.


Highest peaks


Burnt Peak is the tallest mountain in the Sierra Pelona Mountains.
Burnt Peak is the tallest mountain in the Sierra Pelona Mountains.

Adjacent landforms




References


  1. "Burnt Peak". Peakbagger.com.
  2. "Sierra Pelona Ridge". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2019-10-27.
  3. U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: San Gabriel Mountains

See also



На других языках


[de] Sierra Pelona Mountains

Die Sierra Pelona Mountains sind ein Gebirge im Los Angeles County und im Kern County in Südkalifornien. Das 1937 km² große Gebirge reicht von der Interstate 5 in Gorman bis zum Antelope Valley Freeway in Vincent. Die Nord-Süd-Ausdehnung beträgt 57 km, die Ost-West 70 km. Die Sierra Pelona Mountains werden im Süden von den San Gabriel Mountains, im Südwesten vom Santa Clarita Valley, von den San Emigdio Mountains im Nordwesten und vom Antelope Valley im Norden und Nordosten begrenzt. Die San-Andreas-Verwerfung liegt nördlich des Gebirges beim Elizabeth Lake. Die Sierra Pelona Mountains werden oft fälschlich zu den San Gabriel Mountains gezählt, die aber durch den Soledad Canyon von den Sierra Pelona Mountains getrennt sind. Im Winter sind die höchsten Punkte meistens beschneit, während im Sommer und Herbst Waldbrandgefahr herrscht, da die trockenen, heißen Santa-Ana-Winde den Pflanzen Feuchtigkeit entziehen.
- [en] Sierra Pelona Ridge



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