The Sierra Maestra is a mountain range that runs westward across the south of the old Oriente Province in southeast Cuba, rising abruptly from the coast. The range falls mainly within the Santiago de Cuba and in Granma Provinces.[1] Some view it as a series of connecting ranges (Vela, Santa Catalina, Quemado Grande, Daña Mariana),[2] which join with others to the west.[3][4][5][6][7] At 1,974 m (6,476 ft), Pico Turquino is the range's – and the country's – highest point. The area is rich in minerals, especially copper, manganese, chromium, and iron.

Sierra Maestra
Sierra Maestra near the border of Granma and Santiago de Cuba provinces.
Highest point
Peak	Pico Turquino
Elevation	1,974 m (6,476 ft)
Coordinates	19°59′22″N 76°50′09″W
Dimensions
Length	240 km (150 mi)
Width	30 km (19 mi)
Geography
Location of Sierra Maestra in Cuba
Country	Cuba
Provinces	Granma and Santiago de Cuba
Range coordinates	20°0′0″N 76°45′0″W

History

The Sierra Maestra has a long history of guerrilla warfare, starting with the resistance of the Taínos under Guamá (died 1532), the Cimarrón Neo-Taíno nations escaped slave cultures, the Ten Years' War (1868–1878) and the Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898), and various minor conflicts such as the Race War of 1912, and the uprisings of Antonio Guiteras (died 1935) against Gerardo Machado (President of Cuba from 1925 to 1933) and Fulgencio Batista (President 1940–1944 and 1952–1959). After Fidel Castro returned to Cuba in 1956 from exile in Mexico, he and the few other survivors from the failed 1953 attack on Moncada Barracks hid in the Sierra Maestra. There they succeeded in expanding their 26th of July Movement, starting a revolution throughout the region. They built up guerrilla columns, and in collaboration with other groups in the central provinces, Escopeteros on the foot-hills and plains, and the urban resistance, eventually overthrew Batista on 1 January 1959.

Ornithology

Calls of the ivory-billed woodpecker, now possibly extinct, were reported but not confirmed in the Sierra Maestra in 1998.

See also

• Geography of Cuba
• Turquino National Park

References

Notes

Sources

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• Braddock, Daniel M. 1958 Revolutionary Activity in Western Oriente Province. Despatch From the Embassy in Cuba to the Department of State. No. 656 Havana, February 18, 1958 http://www.latinamericanstudies.org/cable/cable-2-18-58.htm
• Carney, Bob revised July 11, 2005 Explorations: Gulf of Mexico: Background Geological Setting. Louisiana State University National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | U.S. Department of Commerce http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/02mexico/background/geology/geology.html
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• Naranjo Tamayo, Aldo Daniel and Luis Carlos Palacios Leyva 2004 (Accessed 3-21-06) San Salvador de Bayamo: Proceso fundacional de la segunda villa cubana San Salvador de Bayamo. La Demajagua 3 de noviembre de 2004 https://web.archive.org/web/20071114063001/http://www.lademajagua.co.cu/bayamo.htm
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External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sierra Maestra.

• Cuba's Revolutionary Mountains by Zoë Barnes, The Sunday Times, March 15, 2009
• Music in the Sierra Maestra

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