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Fakaofo, formerly known as Bowditch Island, is a South Pacific Ocean atoll located in the Tokelau Group. The actual land area is only about 3 km2 (1.1 sq mi), consisting of islets on a coral reef surrounding a central lagoon of some 45 km2. According to the 2006 census 483 people officially live on Fakaofo (however just 370 were present at census night). Of those present 70% belong to the Congregational Church and 22% to the Catholic Church.[1]

Fakaofo
Aerial view of Fakaofo
A map of Fakaofo Atoll and all its islands (map in Polish)
Fakaofo
Fakaofo
Fakaofo
Geography
ArchipelagoTokelau
Total islands43
Major islandsFale on Pacific Ocean
Area3 km2 (1.2 sq mi)
Administration
New Zealand
Dependent territoryTokelau
Largest settlementFale
Demographics
Population483
LanguagesTokelauan, English

Geography and government


Village square
Village square

The main settlement on the island is Fale on Fale Islet, towards the western side of the atoll. Located two kilometres to the west of it is the relatively large Fenua Fala Islet, where a second settlement was established in 1960. Other islets in the group include Teafua, Nukumatau, Nukulakia, Fenua Loa, Saumatafanga, Motu Akea, Matangi, Lalo, and Mulifenua.

Fakaofo's Council of Elders is made up of citizens over the age of 60.


History


Natives of Fakaofo; engraving after a drawing by Alfred Thomas Agate
Natives of Fakaofo; engraving after a drawing by Alfred Thomas Agate

The island was sighted by the whale ship General Jackson in 1835, which returned in 1839.

The island was named Bowditch (after Nathaniel Bowditch), this island was visited by the American ship USS Peacock (1813) which was part of the first American voyage of discovery – The United States Exploring Expedition (also known as "the Ex Ex" or "the Wilkes Expedition"), 1838–1842, United States Navy Lieutenant Charles Wilkes commanding.[2] Nathaniel Bowditch (1773–1838) was a noted American navigator who wrote a famous two-volume encyclopedia of navigation and sailing that is still used and published today by the Defense Mapping Agency Topographic Center (DMATC). In Twenty Years Before The Mast,[3][lower-alpha 1] Charles Erskine wrote "The people found on this island had no knowledge of fire, which I believe, is the only instance of the kind on record."

In a village on the island is a coral slab monument personifying Tui Tokelau, a god once worshiped in the islands.

Between 1856 and 1979, the United States claimed that it held sovereignty over the island and the other Tokelauan atolls. In 1979, the U.S. conceded that Tokelau was under New Zealand sovereignty, and a maritime boundary between Tokelau and American Samoa was established by the Treaty of Tokehega.


Climate crisis


Five metre high concrete walls surround one of Fakaofo's atolls, that were constructed by residents to protect the islet from rising sea levels.[4]


List of islands


  1. Mulifenua
  2. Vini
  3. Motu Pelu
  4. Avaono
  5. Talapeka
  6. Te Lafu
  7. Olokalaga
  8. Palea
  9. Manumea
  10. Ofuna
  11. Kavivave
  12. Heketai
  13. Motuloa
  14. Motu Akea
  15. Motu Iti
  16. Niue
  17. Fugalei
  18. Manuafe
  19. Otafi Loto
  20. Otafi Loa
  21. Kaivai
  22. Nukuheheke
  23. Nukamahaga Lahi
  24. Nukamahaga Iti
  25. Tenki
  26. Pagai
  27. Matakitoga
  28. Vaiaha
  29. Falatutahi
  30. Lapa
  31. Hugalu
  32. Logotaua
  33. Tafolaelo
  34. Otano
  35. Akegamutu
  36. Te Loto
  37. Kapiomotu
  38. Metu
  39. Hakea Mahaga
  40. Pukava
  41. Hakea
  42. Te Kau Afua o Humu
  43. Nukulakia
  44. Te Papaloa
  45. Pataliga
  46. Nukumatau
  47. Fale
  48. Te Afua tau Lua
  49. Fenua Fala

Notes


  1. This book should not be confused with another book with a similar title by Richard Henry Dana Jr., which tells about hide trading on the California coast in the early 19th century.

See also



References


  1. "2006 Census Tabular Report" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-14. Retrieved 2008-04-05.
  2. Stanton, William (1975). The Great United States Exploring Expedition. Berkeley: University of California Press. pp. 236. ISBN 0520025571.
  3. Erskine, Charles (1896). Twenty Years Before The Mast. Philadelphia, PA, USA: George W. Jacobs & Co.
  4. "See How Pacific Islanders Are Living With Climate Change". Photography. 2017-02-09. Retrieved 2021-11-07.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fakaofo.


На других языках

[de] Fakaofo

Fakaofo (früher D’Wolf’s Island oder Bowditch Island) ist ein aus mehreren kleinen Inseln bestehendes Atoll im Pazifik, welches mit den beiden Atollen Nukunonu und Atafu die Gruppe der Tokelau-Inseln bildet.
- [en] Fakaofo

[es] Fakaofo

Fakaofo es un atolón de las islas Tokelau, dependientes de Nueva Zelanda. Es el atolón situado más al este del archipiélago. Tiene una población de menos de 500 habitantes, es la isla más despoblada de Tokelau a pesar de que antes era la más poblada. El atolón mide unos 5 km de ancho y unos 12 km de largo.

[fr] Fakaofo

Fakaofo est un ensemble d'îlots de corail aux Tokelau, en Nouvelle-Zélande. Sa surface totale est de 3 km². Il a la forme d'un atoll, et comprend en son centre un lagon, lequel recouvre environ 45 km². Fakaofo se trouve à 171° 15' ouest, 9° 25' sud.

[it] Fakaofo

Fakaofo, conosciuto come Bowditch Island, è un atollo corallino facente parte delle isole Tokelau.

[ru] Факаофо

Факаофо (англ. Fakaofo) — атолл в южной части Тихого океана, самый южный из трёх атоллов Токелау. Один из вариантов названий — остров Боудич (особенно распространён в англоязычной литературе).


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