geo.wikisort.org - Reservoir

Karakul, Qarokul (Kyrgyz for "black lake", replacing the older Tajik name Siob; Russian: Каракуль; Tajik: Қарокӯл) is a 25 km (16 mi) diameter lake[2] within a rather large 52 km (32 mi) impact crater.[3] It is located in the Tajik National Park in the Pamir Mountains in Tajikistan.

Karakul
Karakul Location in Tajikistan Show map of Tajikistan Karakul Karakul (Pamir) Show map of Pamir
Location	Pamir Mountains
Coordinates	39°02′24″N 73°25′12″E
Type	Impact crater lake, endorheic
Primary outflows	None
Basin countries	Tajikistan
Max. width	52 km (32 mi)
Surface area	380 km2 (150 sq mi)
Max. depth	230 m (750 ft)
Surface elevation	3,900 m (12,800 ft)

Designations
Ramsar Wetland
Official name	Karakul Lake
Designated	18 July 2001
Reference no.	1082[1]

Impact crater

Karakul lies within a circular depression interpreted as an impact crater with a rim diameter of 52 km (32 mi).[3] Some estimates give its age as relatively recent. Preliminarily, it was thought to be c. 25 Ma[2] or less than 23 Ma.[4] However, it may even be from the recent Pliocene (5.3 to 2.6 Ma).[5] The Earth Impact Database (EID) also lists it as younger than 5 Ma.[3] It is larger than the Eltanin impact (2.5 Ma), which has already been suggested as a contributor to the cooling and ice cap formation in the Northern Hemisphere during the late Pliocene.[6]

The Karakul impact structure was first identified around 1987 through studies of imagery taken from space.[5][7]

Lake description

The lake/crater lies at an elevation of 3,960 m (12,990 ft) above mean sea level. A peninsula projecting from the south shore and an island off the north shore divide the lake into two basins: a smaller, relatively shallow eastern one, between 13 to 19 m (43 to 62 ft) deep, and a larger western one, 221 to 230 m (725 to 755 ft) deep. It is endorheic (lacking a drainage outlet) and the water is brackish. There is a small village with the same name on the eastern shore of the lake.[8]

The lake level was 35 m higher after the last ice age.[9][10]

Environment

Although the lake lies within a national park, much of the surroundings are used as pasture. The lake, with its islands, marshes, wet meadows, peat bogs, and pebbly and sandy plains, has been identified by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area (IBA) because it supports significant numbers of the populations of various bird species, either as residents, or as breeding or passage migrants.

These species include bar-headed geese, ruddy shelducks, common mergansers, saker falcons, Himalayan vultures, lesser sand plovers, brown-headed gulls, Tibetan sandgrouse, yellow-billed choughs, Himalayan rubythroats, white-winged redstarts, white-winged snowfinches, rufous-streaked accentors, brown accentors, black-headed mountain finches and Caucasian great rosefinches. The lake's islands are the main places where waterbirds rest and nest.

The only fish in the lake are Nemacheilus.[8]

Events

Higher than Lake Titicaca, Karakul hosted the Roof of the World Regatta from 2014 to 2017.[11] This replaced the Alpine Bank Dillon Open, held on the Dillon Reservoir in Colorado, United States as the highest sailing regatta in the world.[12]

References

На других языках

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[de] Karakul (Tadschikistan)

Der Karakul bzw. Kara-Kul (deutsch: „Schwarzer See“) ist ein See im östlichen Tadschikistan (Zentralasien) in der autonomen Provinz Berg-Badachschan.

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- [en] Karakul (Tajikistan)

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[es] Lago Karakul (Tayikistán)

El lago Karakul, Kara-Kul o Qarokul (en tayiko, Қарoкул) es un lago endorreico de 25 km de diámetro en la cordillera del Pamir en Tayikistán, situdado a 3.900 msnm. Una península que se proyecta desde la orilla meridional y una isla en la zona norte dividen sus aguas en dos cuencas. La oriental es poco profunda, de 13 a 19 metros, pero en la occidental el fondo se encuentra a más de 200 metros.

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[fr] Lac Kara-Kul

Kara-Kul, Karakul ou Qaraqul (tadjik : Қарoкул, lac noir) est un lac endoréique dans la région montagneuse du Pamir au Tadjikistan. Le lac s’élève à 3 900 m au-dessus du niveau de la mer et du fait de son endoréisme, sa salinité empêche pratiquement toute forme de vie de s’y développer. Une péninsule partant du Sud sépare le lac en deux bassins : un bassin à l'est peu profond (de 13 à 19 m) et un second à l’ouest dont la profondeur va jusqu’à 238 m. Le lac Kara-Kul a été déclaré site Ramsar le 18 juillet 2001[1].

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[it] Kara-Kul (Tagikistan)

Il lago Kara-Kul[2] o Karakul (in tagiko Қарокӯл, in chirghiso Кара-Көл; nome che significa "lago nero") è un lago del Tagikistan situato nel distretto di Murghob della Regione Autonoma di Gorno-Badachšan.

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[ru] Каракуль (озеро, Таджикистан)

Караку́ль[2] (тадж. Қарокӯл, от кирг. Кара-Көл — «Чёрное озеро») — бессточное озеро, расположенное в северной части Памира, к югу от Заалайского хребта крупнейшее озеро на территории Таджикистана (Горно-Бадахшанская автономная область). Озеро находится в плоской горной котловине на высоте 3914 м, окружено пустынными скалистыми хребтами, на западе подходящими к озеру, на востоке — отстоящими от него на несколько километров. Наибольшая длина озера — 33 км, ширина — 24 км. Площадь поверхности — 380 км². Объём по данным 1978 года, составлял 26,6 км³[3].

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