Fonuafo‘ou ("New land" in Tongan[2]), formerly known as Falcon Island, is a submarine volcano in the western part of the Ha'apai group in Tonga. The volcano has created an island several times throughout history.[3]

Fonuafo'ou
Fonuafo'ou (date unknown, probably first half of 20th century)
Highest point
Elevation	17 metres (56 ft)[1]
Listing	List of volcanoes in Tonga
Coordinates	20.32°S 175.42°W / -20.32; -175.42
Geography
Location	Tonga Islands
Geology
Mountain type	Submarine volcano
Last eruption	1936

It was first spotted by the crew of the British ship HMS Falcon in 1867, while it was still a coral reef. On 11 October 1885, the volcano erupted and sprouted tons of molten lava. Three days later, on 14 October 1885, the eruption created an island, which was named Falcon island by the British.[4][5][6]

Several eruptions occurred in 1894, 1921, 1927, 1928, 1933 and 1936, consolidating the island and expanding its surface (6 km in diameter, 145 metres (476 ft) in height in 1949).

In 1949, another eruption caused the explosion and the collapse of the island, which disappeared underwater. New eruptions were recorded in 1970 and 1993. The volcano of Fonuafo'ou is currently −17 metres (−56 ft) underwater.[7]

References

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[de] Fonuafoʻou

[es] Fonuafo'ou

[fr] Fonuafo'ou