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Thenadu or Thinadhoo is the capital of Gaafu Dhaalu region in the atoll of Huvadhu and the proposed capital for the Upper South Province of the Maldives. It has its own dialect of Dhivehi which is considerably different from northern speech.

This article is about island in the Gaafu Dhaalu. For other islands with this name, see Thinadhoo (disambiguation).

Thinadhoo
Inhabited island
Thinadhoo
Location in Maldives
Coordinates: 0°31′48.83″N 72°59′47.44″E
CountryMaldives
Administrative atollGaafu Dhaalu Atoll
Distance to Malé407.06 km (252.94 mi)
Government
 • CouncilThinadhoo Council
Area
 • Total1.192 km2 (0.460 sq mi)
Dimensions
 • Length1.560 km (0.969 mi)
 • Width0.922 km (0.573 mi)
Population
 (2014)[1]
 • Total5,230 (including foreigners)
Time zoneUTC+05:00 (MST)

It is pronounced as Thenadu in the Southern Maldives dialect.

The name Thinadhoo is derived from Euphorbia hirta, locally known as Thina Vina (Thina Weed) a pantropical weed used for herbal medicines which grew in the island.[2]

The island was formerly known as Havaru Thinadhoo and it was the traditional seat of the Atoll Chief. The island has a vibrant history of unrest and revolution.[3]

Thinadhoo was the wealthiest island in the country before it was forcefully depopulated and demolished entirely in 1962. The rich merchants of the island was known to have assisted even the capital when in need.[4][5]


History



Early history


Written history of the island is sparse, but Thinadhoo is known to have a rich history.


Havaru Thinadhoo


Long distance 100 to 200 dead-weight tonnage odi (ship) of Huvadu design type from the Southern Atolls.[6] The Odis were built in the Southern Atolls and operational until 1960s. Havaru Thinadhoo had 40 odis before they were discontinued and they were famous throughout the Indian Ocean.[7] Fully decked with deck-houses and large overhanging forecastle. Three-mast arrangement at the rig. A large main square-sail set atop a tall mainmast. Fore-and-aft gaff-sail set from the mizzen. Raking foremast carrying a square foresail well out over the bows.[6]
Long distance 100 to 200 dead-weight tonnage odi (ship) of Huvadu design type from the Southern Atolls.[6] The Odis were built in the Southern Atolls and operational until 1960s. Havaru Thinadhoo had 40 odis before they were discontinued and they were famous throughout the Indian Ocean.[7] Fully decked with deck-houses and large overhanging forecastle. Three-mast arrangement at the rig. A large main square-sail set atop a tall mainmast. Fore-and-aft gaff-sail set from the mizzen. Raking foremast carrying a square foresail well out over the bows.[6]

The Havaru, also known as the military factions were sent to Thinadhoo during the time of Bodu Thakurufaanu.

When 'havaru' were given these six regions they leased them to the people of Thinadhoo under the Vaaru system. Each year Thinadhoo people were to send the annual Varuvaa (Tax) to the 'Havaru' based in Male'. This practice lasted till the sultanate of Muhammad Mueenuddeen I who was the sultan of the Maldives from 1798 to 1835.[8]


Annual varuvaa or tax


The annual varuvaa (tax) sent to the Huvaru in Male' from Thinadhoo included:[2]


Ha Varu (Havaru or Six militia divisions)[2]


The Ha Varu were organized as two ranks of three divisions each:[2]

Is Thin Varu (Lead rank with three divisions)[2]

Fas Thin Varu (Rear rank with three divisions)[2]

Muhammad Thakurufaanu Al Auzam offered havaru the island of Thinadhoo, He ordered that the 'dhandu kolhu', 'medhu ruganddu' and 'Baraaseel' to be given to Havaru along with the islands of Thinadhoo Maahuttaa, Kaadedhdhoo and Kuddu. The island itself was renamed Havaru Thinadhoo signifying the occupation.


United Suvadive Republic


Havaru Thinadhoo was the economic hub of the United Suvadive Republic which formed a breakaway nation from Maldives.

Further information: United Suvadive Republic

Depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo


On the 4th February 1962 the Kingdom of Maldives reacted by sending a fully armed gunboat to Havaru Thinadhoo commanded by Prime Minister Ibrahim Nasir.

Further information: Depopulation of Havaru Thinadhoo

Enamaa boat incident


The Maldive boat Enamaa was carrying far more than its capacity of up to 126 when a wave overturned it. Twenty one people died with two missing when Enamaa capsized into the sea of Gaafu Dhaalu atoll on 17 March 2004.[9]

The Enamaa boat was traveling at nine and a half nautical miles per hour to Thinadhoo Island after watching the home team play a football match in Vilingili Island in Gaafu Alifu atoll.


Geography


The island is 407.06 km (253 mi; 220 nmi) south of the country's capital, Malé.[10]


Demography


Historical population
YearPop.±%
1959 6,000—    
1966 1,800−70.0%
2006 4,442+146.8%
2014 4,669+5.1%
2006-2014: Census populations
Source: [11]

Year 1959, The Maldives: New Stresses in an Old Nation [12]

Year 1966, Siyaasee thaareekhu - Thinadhoo [13]

Education


Thinadhoo is served by 4 pre-schools, 2 primary schools, 1 secondary/high-school and 3 university/college campuses.[14]


Transport


Kaadedhdhoo Domestic Airport is situated on a nearby island connected by speed boat.


See also



References


  1. "Table PP5: Resident Population by sex, nationality and locality (administrative islands), 2014" (PDF). Population and Households Census 2014. National Bureau of Statistics. p. 36. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  2. "ތިނަދޫ އަށް "ހަވަރުތިނަދޫ" ކިޔުނީ ކީއްވެ؟ އެއީ ފަހުރުވެރިވާން ޖެހޭ ނަމެއްތަ؟". Adhadu News.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  3. "Thinadhoo: Revolution, Bloodbath and Peace" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. "Thinadhoo Council files transitional justice case regarding the 1962 forced depopulation by Maldives government".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. "އައްޒަގެ ދިރާސީ ބަސް: ސުވަދުންމަތީ މީހުންގެ ނުތަނަވަސްކަމުގެ ފެށުން".{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  6. FRIAS, Xavier ROMERO. RULES FOR MALDI VIAN TRADING SHIPS TRA VELLING ABROAD (1925) AND A SOJOURN IN SOUTHERN CEYLON. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24920196: jstor. p. 3. {{cite book}}: External link in |location= (help)CS1 maint: location (link)
  7. Bernard, Koechlin. "In: Archipel, 1979. Commerces et navires dans les mers du Sud". Notes sur l'histoire et le navire long-courrier, odi, aujourd'hui disparu, des Maldives. 18: 293.
  8. N. T. Hassan Didi (2005). "Kureege Huvadhoo Atholhu". Novelty Press.
  9. Who is to take responsibility for the horrific Enamaa boat disaster? Accessed June 4, 2008. Archived 10 February 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  10. "Coordinate Distance Calculator". Boulter.com. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  11. "Table 3.3: Total Maldivian Population by Islands" (PDF). National Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 14 August 2018.
  12. Maloney, C (9 April 1947). "The Maldives: New Stresses in an Old Nation". Far Eastern Survey. 16 (7): 654–671. doi:10.2307/2643164. JSTOR 2643164.
  13. "Siyaasee thaareekhu - Thinadhoo" (PDF).{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  14. "Ministry of Education Stat Book 2015" (PDF). Ministry of Education. Ministry of Education. Retrieved 24 April 2016.



На других языках

[de] Thinadhoo (Huvadhu-Atoll)

Thinadhoo[2] ist eine Insel des Huvadhu-Atolls im Inselstaat Malediven in der Lakkadivensee (Indischer Ozean). Sie ist Hauptinsel des Verwaltungsatolls Gaafu Dhaalu, welches den Südteil des Huvadhu-Atolls umfasst. 2014 hatte die Insel 4669 Bewohner.[1]
- [en] Thinadhoo (Huvadhu Atoll)

[fr] Thinadhoo (Gaafu Dhaalu)

Thinadhoo (Dhivehi: ތެނަދޫ) est une ville des Maldives, de la subdivision Gaafu Dhaalu dont elle constitue la localité la plus importante avec 14 000 habitants, sur une superficie de seulement 1 192 km2, soit une densité de 11 745 hab./km2.


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