geo.wikisort.org - Island

Ilha Grande (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈiʎɐ ˈɡɾɐ̃dʒi] "Big Island") is an island located off the coast of Rio de Janeiro state, Brazil. The island, which is part of the municipality of Angra dos Reis, remains largely undeveloped. For almost a century it was closed by the Brazilian government to free movement or settlement because it first housed a leper colony and later a top-security prison (Colônia Penal de Dois Rios, later known as Instituto Penal Cândido Mendes). The Cândido Mendes prison, which housed some of the most dangerous prisoners within the Brazilian penal system, was finally closed in 1994. The largest village on the island is called Vila do Abraão with approximately 1900 inhabitants.

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Ilha Grande

View of Ilha Grande from the mainland
English topographic map of Ilha Grande
Geography
Location	Atlantic Ocean
Coordinates	23°09′S 44°14′W
Area	193 km2 (75 sq mi)
Highest elevation	1,031 m (3383 ft)
Highest point	Pico da Pedra D'Água
Administration
Brazil
Municipality	Angra dos Reis
State	Rio de Janeiro
Demographics
Population	~5000 (2014)
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Official name	Paraty and Ilha Grande – Culture and Biodiversity
Criteria	Cultural and Natural: (v), (x)
Designated	2019 (43rd session)
Reference no.	1308
Region	Latin America and the Caribbean

The island, which is 193 km² (75 sq mi) in area, is now a popular tourist destination that is noted for its scenic beauty, unspoiled tropical beaches, luxuriant vegetation and rugged landscape. The highest point is the 1,031 m (3,383 ft) Pico da Pedra D'Água. Most of its territory is within the Ilha Grande State Park. The remainder of the island is subject to stringent development restrictions.

On 5 July 2019, Ilha Grande and Paraty were inscribed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site.[1]

Flora & fauna

The Ilha Grande is one of the most pristine remnants of Brazil's Atlantic rainforest making it one of the richest ecosystems in the world. As a hotspot for biodiversity and conservation, it holds some of the largest remaining populations of many endangered species, including the red-ruffed fruitcrow, the brown howler monkey, the maned sloth, the red-browed amazon parrot, and the broad-snouted caiman. The seas around the island, which are also protected, feature a unique convergence of tropical, subtropical, and temperate-zone marine life, where it is possible to see corals and tropical fish including sharks, sea turtles, Magellanic penguins and cetaceans such as the southern right whale,[2] humpback whale, Bryde's whale,[3] orca,[4] and dolphins.[5]

The islands are contained within the 12,400 hectares (31,000 acres) Tamoios Environmental Protection Area (APA), created in 1982.[6] The island (and APA) contains the Aventureiro Sustainable Development Reserve, created in 2014 from the former Aventureiro Marine State Park, which was integrated with the Praia do Sul Biological Reserve.[7] 62.5% of the island is covered by the Ilha Grande State Park, making a total of 87% of the island protected.[8]

Tourism industry

Most of the visitor facilities, lodging and the park headquarters are located at Vila do Abraão. The village may be reached from the mainland by local ferries. The island is a popular ecotourism destination. Although it has no roads and motorised vehicles are banned, the island has more than 150 km (93 mi) of hiking trails connecting the coastal villages and hamlets. A popular activity for visitors is to trek to Lopes Mendes beach, about a two-hour hike from Vila do Abraão. Travel companies offer trips to see the island's various beaches, mountains trails and waterfalls.

On January 1, 2010, devastating mudslides killed at least 19 people on the island.[9]

Gallery

• 
  Chouette on the island
• 
  Dolphin nearby the island
• 
  Sea turtle swims in the ocean

References

External links

• Prefeitura de Angra dos Reis (in Portuguese)
• Portal Turístico da Ilha Grande (in Portuguese)
• O Caldeirão do Diabo
• Ilha Grande Travel Guide in English

На других языках

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[de] Ilha Grande

Ilha Grande (deutsch Große Insel) ist eine 193 km² große Insel im Atlantik. Sie liegt unweit der Südküste des brasilianischen Bundesstaates Rio de Janeiro, zwischen der Baía de Sepetiba und der Baía da Ilha Grande. Verwaltungstechnisch gehört sie zu der auf dem Festland gelegenen Stadt Angra dos Reis im Westen des Bundesstaates, rund 160 km westlich von Rio de Janeiro.

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- [en] Ilha Grande

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[es] Isla Grande (Río de Janeiro)

La Isla Grande (en portugués, Ilha Grande) es una isla de Brasil situada en la bahía del mismo nombre, frente a la costa del estado de Río de Janeiro. Forma parte del municipio de Angra dos Reis.

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[fr] Ilha Grande

Ilha Grande (« grande île » en français) est une île située au large des côtes de l'État de Rio de Janeiro, au Brésil. Nommée Ipaum Guaçu par les Tamoios et Tupinambas, elle fait partie de la municipalité d'Angra dos Reis et reste largement sous-développée. Le plus grand village de l'île s'appelle le Vila do Abraão et compte environ 3 000 habitants. Les natifs d'Ilha Grande sont appelés les badjecos, caiçaras ou encore ilhéus.

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[it] Isola Grande (Rio de Janeiro)

L'Isola Grande (in portoghese: Ilha Grande) è un'isola dell'Oceano Atlantico che si trova in Brasile, nel comune di Angra dos Reis nello stato di Rio de Janeiro. La principale località è Vila do Abraão, con circa 3.000 abitanti; la principale attività dell'isola è la pesca e più recentemente il turismo.

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[ru] Илья-Гранди

И́лья-Гра́нди[1][2] (порт. Ilha Grande) — остров в Атлантическом океане. Является частью муниципалитета Ангра-дус-Рейс бразильского штата Рио-де-Жанейро.

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