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Hong Kong International Airport (IATA: HKG, ICAO: VHHH) is Hong Kong's main airport, built on reclaimed land on the island of Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong. The airport is also referred to as Chek Lap Kok International Airport or Chek Lap Kok Airport, to distinguish it from its predecessor, the former Kai Tak International Airport.

Hong Kong International Airport 香港國際機場
IATA: HKG ICAO: VHHH
Summary
Airport type	Public
Owner/Operator	Airport Authority Hong Kong
Serves	Hong Kong
Location	Chek Lap Kok, New Territories, Hong Kong
Opened	6 July 1998; 23 years ago (1998-07-06)
Hub for	Passenger Cathay Pacific Greater Bay Airlines Hong Kong Airlines Hong Kong Express Cargo Air Hong Kong Cathay Pacific Cargo DHL Aviation Hong Kong Airlines Cargo Kalitta Air Polar Air Cargo UPS Airlines
Focus city for	China Airlines China Eastern Airlines Ethiopian Airlines Singapore Airlines
Elevation AMSL	9 m / 28 ft
Coordinates	22°18′32″N 113°54′52″E
Website	www.hongkongairport.com
Map
HKG Location in Hong Kong Show map of Hong Kong HKG Location in Southeast Asia Show map of Southeast Asia HKG Location in Asia Show map of Asia HKG Location in Earth Show map of Earth
Runways
Direction Length Surface m ft 07R/25L 3,800 12,467 Asphalt concrete 07C/25C[1] 3,800 12,467 Asphalt concrete
Statistics (2021)
Passengers 1,196,000 86.5% Movements 130,000 19.3% Cargo (metric tonnes) 4,550,000 0.02%
Source: Hong Kong International Airport[2]

Hong Kong International Airport
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	香港國際機場
Simplified Chinese	香港国际机场
Cantonese Yale	Hēunggóng Gwokjai Gēichèuhng
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Xiānggǎng Guójì Jīchǎng Yale Romanization Syānggǎng Gwójì Jīchǎng Hakka Romanization Hiong1gong3 Get5(or gok5)zi4 Gi1cong2 Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Hēunggóng Gwokjai Gēichèuhng Jyutping Hoeng1gong2 Gwok3zai3 Gei1coeng4
Chek Lap Kok International Airport
Traditional Chinese	赤鱲角國際機場
Simplified Chinese	赤鱲角国际机场
Cantonese Yale	Cheklaahpgok Gwokjai Gēichèuhng
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Chìlièjiǎo Guójì Jīchǎng Yale Romanization Chr̀lyèjyǎu Gwójì Jīchǎng Hakka Romanization Cak5lap6gok5 Gi1cong2 Yue: Cantonese Yale Romanization Cheklaahpgok Gwokjai Gēichèuhng Jyutping Cek3laap6gok3 Gwok3zai3 Gei1coeng4
Japanese name
Kanji	香港国際空港

Having been in commercial operation since 1998, Hong Kong International Airport is one of the largest trans-shipment centres, passenger hubs and gateways for destinations in Hong Kong, Greater China, Asia and the World. The airport is the world's busiest cargo gateway and one of the world's busiest passenger airports.[3] It is also home to one of the world's largest passenger terminal buildings (the largest when opened in 1998).

The airport is operated by the Airport Authority 24 hours a day and is the primary hub for Cathay Pacific (the flag carrier of Hong Kong), Greater Bay Airlines, Hong Kong Airlines, HK Express and Air Hong Kong (cargo carrier). The airport is one of the hubs of Oneworld alliance, and also one of the Asia-Pacific cargo hubs for UPS Airlines.[4] It is a focus city for many airlines, including China Airlines and China Eastern Airlines. Singapore Airlines and Ethiopian Airlines both utilise Hong Kong as a stopover point for their flights.

HKIA is an important contributor to Hong Kong's economy, with approximately 65,000 employees. More than 100 airlines operate flights from the airport to over 180 cities across the globe. In 2015, HKIA handled 68.5 million passengers,[3] making it the 8th busiest airport worldwide by passenger traffic and the 4th busiest airport worldwide by international passenger traffic.[5] Since 2010, it has also surpassed Memphis International Airport to become the world's busiest airport by cargo traffic.[6]

The airport is managed and operated by the Airport Authority Hong Kong (AA), which was established on 1 December 1995.[7]

Since 2019, to facilitate the increased traffic due to the third runway, Terminal 2 has been undergoing redevelopment and will not reopen until at least 2024.

History

Chek Lap Kok Airport was designed as a replacement for the former Hong Kong International Airport (commonly known as Kai Tak Airport) built in 1925. Located in the densely built-up Kowloon City District with a single runway extending into Kowloon Bay, Hong Kong airport had turned on the runway lights for expansion to cope with steadily increasing air traffic. By the 1990s, Kai Tak had become one of the world's busiest airports – it far exceeded its annual passenger and cargo design capacities, and one out of every three flights experienced delays, largely due to lack of space for aircraft, gates, and a second runway.[8] In addition, noise mitigation measures restricted nighttime flights, as severe noise pollution (exceeding 105 dB(A) in Kowloon City) adversely affected an estimated total of at least 340,000 people.[9][10]

A 1974 planning study by the Civil Aviation and Public Works departments identified the small island of Chek Lap Kok, off Lantau Island, as a possible airport replacement site. Away from the congested city centre, flight paths would be routed over the South China Sea rather than populous urban areas, enabling efficient round-the-clock operation of multiple runways. The Chek Lap Kok (CLK) airport master plan and civil engineering studies were completed towards the end of 1982 and 1983 respectively. In February 1983, however, the government shelved the project for financial and economic reasons. In 1988, the Port & Airport Development Strategy (PADS) Study was undertaken by consultants, headed by Mott MacDonald Hong Kong Limited, reporting in December 1989. This study looked at forecasts for both airport and port traffic to the year 2011 and came up with three recommended strategies for overall strategic development in Hong Kong. One of the three assumed maintaining the existing airport at Kai Tak; a second assumed a possible airport in the Western Harbour between Lantau Island and Hong Kong Island, and the third assumed a new airport at Chek Lap Kok. The consultants produced detailed analyses for each scenario, enabling Government to consider these appraisals for each of the three "Recommended Strategies". In October 1989, the Governor of Hong Kong announced to the Legislative Council that a decision had been made on the long-term port and airport development strategy for the territory. The strategy to be adopted was that which included a replacement airport at Chek Lap Kok and incorporating new container terminals 8 and 9 at Stonecutters Island and east of the island of Tsing Yi respectively.[11]

In the PADS study, the consultants advised that the earliest the airport could be opened was January 1998.[12] However, in reaching the government's decision, this date was modified to January 1997, six months prior to the handover of Hong Kong to China. Construction of the new airport began in 1991.[13] As construction progressed, an agreement was reached with China that as much as possible of the airport would be completed before the handover to China in July 1997. In the event, British Prime Minister John Major opened the Tsing Ma Bridge, the main access to Lantau Island and the airport and its supporting community in May 1997, prior to the transfer of sovereignty to China. The airport itself was opened in July 1998.

The construction period was very rushed; specialists considered that only a 10–20-year period was sufficient for this massive project. ^{[citation needed]} Another cause for this rush was due to the uncertain future of the airport construction after the transfer of sovereignty over Hong Kong to the People's Republic of China. Shortly after the then-British colonial government of Hong Kong announced plans to construct the new airport, the Chinese government in Beijing began voicing objections to various aspects of the massive project, which prompted financial institutions to delay extending project finance. Without access to this financing, many of the companies who had secured contracts to build various portions of the project halted construction, resulting in delays that pushed the actual opening of the airport, originally planned to take place before the transition in sovereignty until one year after. As agreements were reached with the government in China, Beijing removed most of its objections and work then continued, albeit behind schedule.^{[citation needed]}

Hong Kong International Airport was built on a large artificial island formed by flattening and levelling Chek Lap Kok and Lam Chau islands (3.02 square kilometres (1.17 sq mi) and 0.08 km² (0.031 sq mi) respectively) and reclaiming 9.38 km² (3.62 sq mi) of the adjacent seabed. The 12.48-square-kilometre (4.82 sq mi) airport site, with its reclamation, added nearly 1% to Hong Kong's total surface area, connecting to the north side of Lantau Island near Tung Chung new town.[14]

Construction of the new airport was only part of the Airport Core Programme, which also involved the construction of new roads and rail links to the airport, with associated bridges and tunnels, and major land reclamation projects on both Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon. The project is the most expensive airport project ever, according to Guinness World Records. Construction of the new airport was voted as one of the Top 10 Construction Achievements of the 20th Century at the ConExpo conference in 1999.[15]

The detailed design for the airport terminal was awarded to a consortium led by Mott Connell (the Hong Kong office of UK consultant Mott MacDonald) with British Airports Authority as specialist designers for airport related aspects, Foster and Partners as architects and Ove Arup as specialist structural designers for the roof. Mott Connell were the designers for foundations, all other structural components and the mechanical and electrical work. The sides of the terminals, predominantly glass, were designed to break during high speed winds, relieving pressure and allowing the terminal to withstand an intense typhoon.[16]

The airport was officially opened in an opening ceremony by the President of the People's Republic of China and General Secretary of the Communist Party Jiang Zemin at noon Hong Kong Time on 2 July 1998. Hours later, Air Force One, carrying the President of the United States Bill Clinton, landed at the new airport and became the first foreign visitor to arrive at the new airport.[17] The actual operation of the airport commenced on 6 July 1998, concluding the six-year construction that cost US$20 billion. On that day at 06:25 Hong Kong Time, Cathay Pacific Flight CX 889 from New York JFK Airport became the first commercial flight to land at the airport, pipping the original CX 292 from Rome which was the scheduled first arrival.[18] However, the airport had already started to experience some technical difficulties on the first day of opening. The flight information display system (FIDS) had suddenly shut down which caused long delays. Shortly afterwards, the cargo-communication link with Kai Tak, where all the necessary data was stored (some still stored there then), went down. During the same period of time, someone had accidentally deleted an important database for cargo services. This meant that cargo had to be manually stored. At one point, the airport had to turn away all air cargo and freight headed for and exported from Hong Kong (except food and medical supplies) while it sorted out the huge mess. HKIA simply could not keep up without an automated assistant-computer system.[16] For three to five months after its opening, it suffered various severe organisational, mechanical and technical problems that almost crippled the airport and its operations. Computer glitches were mostly to blame for the major crisis. Lau Kong-wah, a Hong Kong politician, was quoted saying "This was meant to be a first-class project but it has turned into a ninth-class airport and a disgrace. Our airport has become the laughing stock of the world."[19][20] At one time, the government reopened the cargo terminal at Kai Tak Airport to handle freight traffic because of a breakdown at the new cargo terminal, named Super Terminal One (ST1).[21] However, after six months the airport started to operate normally.

On 31 July 2000, Todd Salimuchai, a regularised illegal immigrant in Hong Kong with no provable nationality, forced his way through a security checkpoint using a fake pistol, took a woman hostage, and boarded a Cathay Pacific aircraft. He demanded to be flown to Burma, which he claimed was his native country but had refused to admit him due to his lack of documents. He surrendered to police two and a half hours later.[22]

Officially opened in June 2007, the second airport terminal, called T2, (check-in facility only) is linked with the MTR Airport Express on a new platform. The terminal also features a new shopping mall, SkyPlaza, providing a large variety of shops and restaurants, together with a few entertainment facilities. T2 also houses a 36-bay coach-station for buses to and from mainland China and 56 airline check-in counters, as well as customs and immigration facilities.

Besides T2, the SkyCity Nine Eagles Golf Course has been opened in 2007 whereas the second airport hotel, the Hong Kong SkyCity Marriott Hotel; and a permanent cross-boundary ferry terminal, the Skypier, began operations in 2008 and 2009 respectively. Development around T2 also includes the AsiaWorld-Expo which has started operation in late 2005.[23] A second passenger concourse, the North Satellite Concourse (NSC), opened in 2010, followed by the Midfield Concourse in December 2015.[24]

During August 2019, the airport was shut down multiple times as demonstrations were held inside the airport during the 2019–20 Hong Kong protests, over 160 flights were cancelled as both the arrivals and departures sections of the airport were occupied.[25]

Composition

Hong Kong International Airport covers an area of 1,255 hectares (4.85 sq mi).^{[needs update]} The airport has a total of 90 boarding gates,[26] with 77 jet bridge gates (1–21, 23–36, 40–50, 60–71, 201–219) and 12 virtual gates (228–230, 511–513, 520–525) which are used as assembly points for passengers, who are then ferried to the aircraft by apron buses. Of the 66 jet bridges, five (Gates 5, 23, 60, 62, 64) are capable of handling the Airbus A380, the current users of which are Asiana Airlines, British Airways, Emirates, Qantas and Singapore Airlines. Korean Air and China Southern Airlines previously operated a route to HKIA from Seoul and Beijing respectively using the Airbus A380, but these airlines decided to not use them due to unprofitable nature of the aircraft type. Air France, Lufthansa and Thai Airways International previously operated services to Hong Kong from Paris, Frankfurt and Bangkok using the Airbus A380, though they retired the aircraft types early due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In addition to Chek Lap Kok, the airport occupies what was Lam Chau.[27]

Terminal 1

Terminal 1 of the HKIA, with an area measuring 570,000 square metres (6,100,000 sq ft),^{[needs update]} is one of the largest passenger airport terminal buildings in the world, after the likes of Dubai International Airport Terminal 3 and Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3.[28]

Opened on 6 July 1998, Terminal 1 was the largest airport passenger terminal building, with a total gross floor area of 531,000 square metres (5,720,000 sq ft). It briefly conceded the status to Bangkok's Suvarnabhumi Airport (563,000 m² (6,060,000 sq ft)) when the latter opened on 15 September 2006, but reclaimed the title when the East Hall was expanded, bringing the total area to its current size of 570,000 square metres (6,100,000 sq ft). Terminal 1's title as the world's largest was surrendered to Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 on 29 February 2008.

Terminal 1 is connected to the North Satellite Concourse (NSC) by SkyBridge, which is expected to open in 2021.^{[needs update]}

• 
  Terminal 1 Departures Hall entrance
• 
  The interior of Terminal 1 at night
• 
  Check-in counters at Terminal 1
• 
  Level 5 – Arrivals Hall

Terminal 2

Terminal 2 with an area measuring 140,000 m² (1,500,000 sq ft), together with the SkyPlaza, opened on 28 February 2007 along with the opening of the Airport station's Platform 3.[29] It was only a check-in and processing facility for departing passengers with no gates or arrival facilities (passengers were transported underground to gates at Terminal 1). The SkyPlaza was situated within Terminal 2. Terminal 2 was temporarily closed in November 2019 for expansion to provide departure and arrival facilities for the new satellite terminal from the three-runway system.[30] Before its temporary closure most low-cost carriers and some full-service carriers had relocated their check-in operations to T2.

• 
  SkyPlaza at the Hong Kong International Airport Terminal 2 ceiling
• 
  SkyPlaza at the Hong Kong International Airport Terminal 2
• 
  SkyPlaza, Hong Kong International Airport (Hong Kong)

North Satellite Concourse

In 2007, HKIA began the construction of a two-storey North Satellite Concourse (NSC), which opened in December 2009.[31] This concourse was designed for narrow-body aircraft and is equipped with 10 jet bridges. The concourse has a floor area of 20,000 square metres (220,000 sq ft) and will be^[when?] able to serve more than five million passengers annually. There is a shuttle bus service between the NSC and Terminal 1 every four minutes. The North Satellite Concourse was built so the airport could accommodate at least 90 percent of its passengers by aerobridges. It has two levels (one for departures and one for arrivals). A new SkyBridge connecting Terminal 1 and NSC is expected to be in use in 2021,^{[needs update]} passengers will then walk to NSC, saving time from taking the airport shuttle bus.[32][33]

• 
  Exterior view of Hong Kong Airport Satellite Terminal. Connection by airport shuttle bus to main terminal travelling along marked roadway at bottom left.
• 
  Interior view of Satellite Terminal, Hong Kong Airport. Escalator leads up from bus connection to main terminal building.
• 
  Interior view of Satellite Terminal, Hong Kong Airport. Central internet kiosk with coffee shop behind.
• 
  SkyBridge connecting Terminal 1 with North Satellite Concourse

Midfield Concourse

On 25 January 2011, Airport Authority Hong Kong (AA) unveiled phase 1 of its midfield development project which was targeted for completion by the end of 2015. The midfield area is located to the west of Terminal 1 between the two existing runways. It was the then last piece of land on the airport island available for large-scale development. This includes 20 aircraft parking stands, three of these are wide enough to serve the Airbus A380 and cater for an additional 10 million passengers annually. Passengers reach the concourse through an extension of the underground automated people mover.[34] A joint venture of Mott MacDonald and Arup led the design of the project.[35] Gammon Construction undertook the construction work.[36] The Concourse began operations on 28 December 2015, and the first flight that used it was the HX658 operated by the Hong Kong Airlines flying from Hong Kong to Okinawa. On 31 March 2016, the Concourse was officially inaugurated in a ceremony marking its full commissioning.[37]

• 
  Aerial view of Midfield Concourse, Hong Kong International Airport.
• 
  Interior view of Midfield Concourse
• 
  Interior view of sitting area
• 
  Interior view of Automated People Mover Platform

Other buildings

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Cathay Pacific City, the head office of Cathay Pacific and Air Hong Kong, is located on the airport island.[38] CNAC House, the office for Air China is also located in the airport complex, together with the Civil Aviation Department headquarters.[39] HAECO also has its head office on the airport property.[40] HK Express has its head office on the airport property,[41] in what was previously the Dragonair House, head office of Cathay Dragon.[42]

The Government Flying Service (GFS) has its head office building in the airport.[43] Additionally the head office of the Air Accident Investigation Authority (AAIA) is in the Facility Building on the airport property.[44]

• 
  Control tower seen from a taxiing aircraft
• 
  Super Terminal 1
• 
  View of the outside (seen from the control tower)

Future development

In June 2010, the Airport Authority unveiled plans to develop in stages the vast midfield site of the airport island. Stage 1 will involve the construction of a new 20-gate passenger concourse to be built in 2 phases (completion 2015 and 2020) with 11 gates in phase 1 growing to 20 gates in phase 2. The configuration of the new concourse is similar to those at Atlanta, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Berlin (Terminal 1), Chicago–O'Hare (Global Terminal), Denver, Detroit (McNamara Terminal), London–Heathrow (Terminals 2 and 5), Los Angeles (TBIT), Munich (Terminal 2), Salt Lake City, Seoul–Incheon, Washington–Dulles and Mexico City Santa Lucía Airport (Zumpango). After stage 1 of midfield development is completed in 2020, there will be sufficient lands remaining for further new concourses to be built as and when demand for them materialises.[45]

Master Plan 2030

One year after, on 2 June 2011, the Airport Authority announced and released their latest version of a 20-year blueprint for the airport's development, the Hong Kong International Airport Master Plan 2030.[46] The study took three years and according to the authority, nine consulting organisations have been hired for the research, observation, planning and advice. The main focus is to improve the overall capacity and aircraft handling ability of the airport. Based on this, two options have been developed.

Option 1: Two-runway system

To maintain the current two-runway system, there will be enhancements to the terminal and apron facilities to increase the airport's capacity. This option will enable the airport to handle a maximum of 420,000 flight movements per year, with annual passenger and cargo throughput increased to 74 million and six million tonnes respectively. The approximate cost of this plan is $23.4 billion Hong Kong dollars in 2010 prices, or HK$42.5 billion in money-of-the-day^[when?] prices. The Airport Authority estimates that the airport will reach its maximum runway capacity sometime around 2020 if no extra runway is added.

Option 2: Three-runway system

This plan will focus on adding a third runway to the north of the Chek Lap Kok, the existing island the airport is built on, by land reclamation, using deep cement mixing, of about 650 hectares (1,600 acres). Associated facilities, additional terminals, airfield and apron facilities, will be built as well, and, combined with the new runway, it is estimated that the airport would be able to handle a maximum of 620,000 flights per year (102 per hour, or about one flight every 36 seconds), and meet forecast annual passenger and cargo throughput of about 97 million and 8.9 million tonnes by 2030 respectively.[47]

There are possible drawbacks. Development costs are a concern: although the proposal would increase the number of direct jobs associated with HKIA to 150,000 by 2030 and generate an ENPV of HK$912 billion (in 2009 dollars), the estimated cost is approximately $86.2 billion (2010) Hong Kong Dollars, or HK$141.5 billion (at money-of-the-day prices).[48] There are also environmental and local noise pollution concerns.

On 20 March 2012, the Hong Kong Government adopted this option as the official expansion plan.[49]

The third runway, with its own dedicated passenger concourse, is currently being built parallel to the current two runways on reclaimed land directly north of the existing airport island. It is expected to open by the end of 2024.[50][51][52]

Airlines and destinations

Passenger

Airlines	Destinations
Aeroflot	Moscow–Sheremetyevo (suspended)[53]
AirAsia	Kota Kinabalu, Kuala Lumpur–International
AirAsia X	Kuala Lumpur–International
Air Astana	Almaty
Air Busan	Busan
Air Canada	Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver
Air China	Beijing–Capital, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chongqing, Dalian, Tianjin, Yinchuan[54]
Air France	Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air India	Delhi, Mumbai
Air Mauritius	Mauritius
Air New Zealand	Auckland
Air Niugini	Port Moresby
Air Seoul	Seoul–Incheon
All Nippon Airways	Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Airlines	Seoul–Incheon
Bangkok Airways	Koh Samui
Batik Air Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur–International
Biman Bangladesh Airlines	Dhaka
British Airways	London–Heathrow
Cambodia Airways	Phnom Penh
Cathay Pacific	Adelaide, Amsterdam, Auckland, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Barcelona, Beijing–Capital, Boston, Brisbane, Cebu, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chicago–O'Hare, Colombo–Bandaranaike, Delhi, Denpasar, Dhaka, Dubai–International, Frankfurt, Fukuoka, Fuzhou, Guangzhou, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Johannesburg–Tambo, Kaohsiung, Kathmandu, Kuala Lumpur–International, London–Heathrow, Los Angeles, Madrid, Manchester, Manila, Melbourne, Milan–Malpensa, Mumbai,[55] Nagoya–Centrair, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Penang, Perth, Phnom Penh, Phuket, Rome–Fiumicino, San Francisco, Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Surabaya, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tel Aviv, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita, Toronto–Pearson, Vancouver, Wuhan, Xiamen, Zürich Seasonal: Christchurch[56]
Cebu Pacific	Manila
China Airlines	Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Eastern Airlines	Hangzhou, Hohhot, Kunming, Nanjing, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Taiyuan, Wuxi, Xi'an Seasonal: Hefei[57]
China Southern Airlines	Beijing–Daxing, Meixian, Wuhan, Yiwu Seasonal: Shenyang
Eastar Jet	Jeju, Seoul–Incheon
EgyptAir	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Cairo
El Al	Tel Aviv
Emirates	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Dubai–International
Ethiopian Airlines	Addis Ababa, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Etihad Airways	Abu Dhabi
EVA Air	Taipei–Taoyuan
Fiji Airways	Nadi
Finnair	Helsinki
Garuda Indonesia	Denpasar, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta
HK Express	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[58] Busan, Chiang Mai, Da Nang, Fukuoka, Hiroshima, Ishigaki, Jeju, Kagoshima, Kaohsiung, Kumamoto, Nagasaki, Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Nha Trang, Ningbo, Osaka–Kansai, Phuket, Saipan, Seoul–Incheon, Shimojishima, Siem Reap, Singapore,[59] Taichung, Taipei–Taoyuan, Takamatsu, Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Hong Kong Airlines	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Changchun, Chengdu–Shuangliu, Chongqing, Denpasar, Guiyang, Haikou, Hangzhou, Hanoi, Kagoshima, Malé, Manila, Naha, Nanchang, Nanjing, Nanning, Okayama, Osaka–Kansai, Sanya, Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita, Yonago
Japan Airlines	Tokyo–Haneda, Tokyo–Narita
Jeju Air	Jeju, Seoul–Incheon
Jetstar Japan	Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
Jin Air	Seoul–Incheon
KLM	Amsterdam
Korean Air	Seoul–Incheon
Lanmei Airlines	Phnom Penh, Sihanoukville
Lion Air	Charter: Denpasar/Bali
Lufthansa	Frankfurt, Munich
Malaysia Airlines	Kuala Lumpur–International
Mandarin Airlines	Taichung
MIAT Mongolian Airlines	Ulaanbaatar
Myanmar National Airlines	Yangon
Nepal Airlines	Kathmandu
Pacific Airlines	Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Peach Aviation	Osaka–Kansai
Philippine Airlines	Manila
Philippines AirAsia	Manila
Qantas	Brisbane, Melbourne, Sydney
Qatar Airways	Doha
Royal Brunei Airlines	Bandar Seri Begawan
Royal Jordanian	Amman–Queen Alia, Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
S7 Airlines[60]	Novosibirsk, Vladivostok (both suspended)[61]
Scoot	Singapore
Shandong Airlines	Jinan,[62] Yantai
Shanghai Airlines	Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong, Zhanjiang
Shenzhen Airlines	Quanzhou, Wuxi
Sichuan Airlines	Chengdu–Shuangliu
Singapore Airlines	San Francisco, Singapore
Spring Airlines	Shanghai–Pudong
SriLankan Airlines	Colombo–Bandaranaike
Swiss International Air Lines	Zürich
Thai AirAsia	Bangkok–Don Mueang, Chiang Mai, Phuket
Thai Airways International	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi
Thai Smile	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Phuket
Turkish Airlines	Istanbul
T'way Air	Seoul–Incheon
United Airlines	Chicago–O'Hare, Newark (resumes 3 August 2022),[63] San Francisco[64]
VietJet Air	Ho Chi Minh City, Phu Quoc
Vietnam Airlines	Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City
Virgin Atlantic	London–Heathrow
XiamenAir	Fuzhou, Xiamen

Cargo

This section needs additional citations for verification. (January 2018)

Airlines	Destinations
AeroLogic	Bangalore, Leipzig/Halle,[65] Singapore[66]
Air France Cargo	Bahrain, Dammam, Dubai–International, Jeddah, Kuwait, Paris–Charles de Gaulle
Air Hong Kong	Bangkok, Beijing–Capital, Cebu, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Manila, Nagoya, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
AirBridgeCargo Airlines	Almaty, Amsterdam, Frankfurt, Krasnoyarsk, Moscow–Domodedovo, Moscow–Sheremetyevo, Moscow–Vnukovo, Singapore, St.Petersburg, Yekaterinburg
ANA Cargo	Nagoya–Centrair, Naha, Osaka–Kansai, Tokyo–Narita
Asiana Cargo	Seoul–Incheon
ASL Airlines Belgium	Dubai–International, Liège
CAL Cargo Air Lines	Liège, Tel Aviv[67]
Cargolux	Abu Dhabi, Almaty, Amman–Queen Alia, Baku, Barcelona, Beirut, Budapest, Chicago–O'Hare, Columbus–Rickenbacker, Dammam, Doha, Dubai–International, Helsinki, Ho Chi Minh City, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Karaganda, Komatsu, Kuwait, London–Stansted, Los Angeles, Luxembourg, New York–JFK, Riyadh, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan, Upington, Vienna
Cargolux Italia	Almaty, Dubai–International, Milan–Malpensa, Osaka–Kansai
Cathay Pacific Cargo	Amsterdam, Anchorage, Atlanta, Bangalore, Calgary,[68] Chengdu, Chennai, Chicago, Chongqing, Colombo, Columbus, Dallas, Delhi, Dhaka, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Frankfurt, Guadalajara, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Houston, Hyderabad, Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Kolkata, London-Heathrow, Los Angeles, Manila, Melbourne, Mexico City, Miami, Milan–Malpensa, Mumbai, New York–JFK, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Penang, Phnom Penh, Portland (OR), Riyadh, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita, Toowoomba, Toronto, Xiamen, Zhengzhou
China Airlines Cargo	Manila, Taipei–Taoyuan
China Cargo Airlines	Qingdao, Shanghai–Hongqiao, Shanghai–Pudong
DHL Aviation	Anchorage,[69] Bagram, Bahrain,[70] Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[71] Beijing–Capital,[72] Cincinnati,[73] Delhi,[74] Dubai–International,[75] Ho Chi Minh City,[76] Jakarta–Soekarno-Hatta, Leipzig/Halle,[77] Los Angeles,[78] Manila,[79] Nagoya–Centrair,[80] Osaka–Kansai,[81] Penang,[76] Seoul–Incheon,[82] Shanghai–Pudong,[83] Singapore,[84] Taipei–Taoyuan,[85] Tokyo–Narita[86]
Donghai Airlines	Chengdu, Shenzhen
Emirates SkyCargo	Delhi, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Kabul, Kochi, Thiruvananthapuram
Ethiopian Airlines Cargo[87]	Addis Ababa, Chennai, Maastricht/Aachen[88]
Etihad Cargo	Abu Dhabi, Amsterdam, Chicago–O'Hare, Chittagong, Delhi, Dhaka, Miami
EVA Air Cargo	Taipei–Taoyuan[89]
FedEx Express	Almaty, Anchorage, Delhi, Manila, Memphis, Osaka–Kansai, Paris–Charles de Gaulle, Seoul–Incheon, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
Flexport	Los Angeles[90]
Garuda Cargo	Jakarta–Soekarno–Hatta
Hong Kong Airlines Cargo	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Dhaka, Hanoi, Ho Chi Minh City, Osaka–Kansai, Kuala Lumpur–International, Nanning, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan, Xiamen, Zhengzhou[91]
IAG Cargo operated by Qatar Airways Cargo	London–Stansted[92]
KLM Cargo	Amsterdam, Chennai, Dubai–Al Maktoum, Kuwait, Mumbai
Korean Air Cargo	Seoul–Incheon
K-Mile Air	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Hanoi[93]
Lufthansa Cargo	Almaty, Bahrain, Bangalore, Frankfurt, Leipzig/Halle
MASkargo	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi,[94] Kuala Lumpur–International, Manila, Penang
Nippon Cargo Airlines	Tokyo–Narita[95]
Polar Air Cargo	Singapore
Qantas Freight[96]	Auckland, Cairns, Sydney
Qatar Airways Cargo	Doha, Tehran–Imam Khomeini
Saudia Cargo	Dammam, Jeddah, Riyadh
SF Airlines	Ningbo, Shenzhen,[97] Wuhan,[98] Xiamen[99]
Silk Way Airlines	Baku
Singapore Airlines Cargo[100]	Anchorage, Seattle/Tacoma, Sharjah, Singapore
SpiceXpress	Guwahati,[101] Kolkata
Suparna Airlines	Chengdu, Hangzhou, Qingdao, Shanghai–Pudong, Tianjin, Zhengzhou
Transmile Air Services	Johor Bahru, Kuala Lumpur–International, Kuala Lumpur–Subang
Tri-MG Intra Asia Airlines	Cebu, Clark
Turkish Cargo	Almaty, Bishkek, Delhi, Istanbul[102]
ULS Cargo	Bangkok–Suvarnabhumi, Beijing–Capital, Manila, Nagoya–Centrair, Osaka–Kansai, Penang, Seoul–Incheon, Shanghai–Pudong, Singapore, Taipei–Taoyuan, Tokyo–Narita
UPS Airlines	Anchorage, Clark, Cologne/Bonn, Dubai–International, Honolulu, London–Stansted, Louisville, Mumbai, Ontario, Osaka–Kansai, Philadelphia, Sapporo–Chitose, Seoul–Incheon, Singapore, Sydney, Taipei–Taoyuan

Statistics

Operations and Statistics[103][104][105][106]
Year	Passenger movements	Airfreight (tonnes)	Aircraft movements
1998	28,631,000	1,628,700	163,200
1999	30,394,000	1,974,300	167,400
2000	33,374,000	2,240,600	181,900
2001	33,065,000	2,074,300	196,800
2002	34,313,000	1,637,797	206,700
2003	27,433,000	2,642,100	187,500
2004	37,142,000	3,093,900	237,300
2005	40,740,000	3,402,000	263,500
2006	44,443,000	3,580,000	280,000
2007	47,783,000	3,742,000	295,580
2008	48,582,000	3,627,000	301,000
2009	45,499,604	3,440,581	273,505
2010	50,410,819	4,112,416	306,535
2011	53,909,000	3,939,000	333,760
2012	56,057,751	4,062,261	352,000
2013	59,913,000	4,122,000	372,040
2014	63,367,000	4,376,000	390,955
2015	68,488,000	4,380,000	406,000
2016	70,502,000	4,521,000	411,530
2017	72,866,000	4,937,000	421,000
2018	74,672,000	5,121,000	428,000
2019	71,500,000	4,800,000	419,730
Capacity
Passenger (current)			70,502,000
Passenger (ultimate)			70,000,000
Cargo (current)			4.5m tons
Cargo (ultimate)			7.4m tons
Apron (current)			96
Number of destinations
air			154
water			6

Operations

The airport is operated by the Airport Authority Hong Kong, a statutory body wholly owned by the Government of Hong Kong Special Administrative Region.[107]

The airport has two parallel runways, both of which are 3,800 metres (12,500 ft) in length and 60 metres (200 ft) wide. The south runway has a Category II Precision Approach, while the centre runway has the higher Category IIIA rating, which allows pilots to land in only 200-metre (660 ft) visibility. The two runways have a capacity of over 60 aircraft movements an hour. The airport is upgrading ATC and runways so that they can handle 68 movements per hour. Normally, the centre runway (07C/25C; until 1 December 2021 the north runway 07L/25R)[108][109] is used for landing passenger planes. The south runway (07R/25L) is used for passenger planes taking off and cargo flights due to its proximity to the cargo terminal.[104] A third runway (to be designated 07L/25R) to their north has been paved and is expected to be opened in mid-2022.

There are 49 frontal stands at the main passenger concourse, 28 remote stands and 25 cargo stands. There are also five parking bays at the Northwest Concourse. A satellite concourse with 10 frontal stands for narrow body aircraft has been commissioned to the north of the main concourse at the end of 2009, bringing the total number of frontal stands at the airport to 59.

The airport was the busiest for passenger traffic in Asia in 2010, and the world's busiest airport for cargo traffic in 2010. In terms of international traffic, the airport is the third busiest for passenger traffic and the busiest for cargo since its operation in 1998. There are over 95 international airlines providing about 900 scheduled passenger and all-cargo flights each day between Hong Kong and some 160 destinations worldwide. About 76 percent of these flights are operated with wide-body jets. There is also an average of approximately 31 non-scheduled passenger and cargo flights each week.[110]

The operation of scheduled air services to and from Hong Kong is facilitated by air services agreements between Hong Kong and other countries. Since the opening of HKIA, the Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region has implemented a policy of progressive liberalisation of air services. Many low-cost airlines have started various regional routes to compete head-on with full-service carriers on trunk routes.[111]

The airport's long term expansion opportunities are subject to variables. An HKD 80 billion proposal to build a third runway has been under feasibility study and consultation but would be very expensive as it would involve additional reclamation from deep waters, and the building cost of the third runway may be as high as the building cost of the entire airport. On the other hand, there exists only one airway between Hong Kong and mainland China, and this single route is often and easily backed up causing delays on both sides. In addition, China requires that aircraft flying the single air route between Hong Kong and the mainland must be at an altitude of at least 15,000 feet. Talks are underway to persuade the Chinese military to relax its airspace restriction in view of worsening air traffic congestion at the airport. Other than that, Hong Kong Airport Authority is co-operating with other airports in the area to relieve air traffic and in the future, Shenzhen may act as a regional airport while Hong Kong receives all the international flights.[112]

Air traffic

The Government Flying Service provides short and long range search and rescue services, police support, medical evacuation and general purpose flights for the Government.

Passenger facilities

Despite its size, the passenger terminal was designed for convenience. The layout and signage, moving walkways and the automated people mover help passengers move through the building. The HKIA Automated People Mover, a driverless people mover system with 3 stations transports passengers between the check-in area and the gates. The trains travel at 62 kilometres per hour (39 mph). The airport also contains an IMAX theatre that has the largest screen in Hong Kong. The theatre is located in Terminal 2, level 6 and can seat 350 persons at a time.[113]

Hong Kong Business Aviation Centre

The Hong Kong Business Aviation Centre (HKBAC) is located within the airport and has its own terminal and facilities separate from the public terminal. It provides services for executive aircraft and passengers, including a passenger lounge, private rooms and showers, business centre facilities, ground handling, baggage handling, fuelling, security, customs and flight planning. Designated spaces and hangars are also provided at the HKBAC for private aircraft.

Intermodal transportation hub

To sustain the growth of passengers, the Airport Authority formulated a "push and pull through" strategy to expand its connections to new sources of passengers and cargo. This means adapting the network to the rapidly growing markets in China and in particular to the Pearl River Delta region (PRD). In 2003, a new Airport-Mainland Coach Station opened. The coach station has a 230-square-metre (2,500 sq ft) waiting lounge and sheltered bays for ten coaches. Many buses operate each day to transport passengers between HKIA and major cities in the Mainland.[114]

The Coach Station was relocated to the ground floor (level 3) of Terminal 2 in 2007. The 36 bays at the new Coach Station allow cross-border coaches to make 320 trips a day carrying passengers between the airport and 90 cities and towns in the PRD. Local tour and hotel coaches also operate from T2. The coach station at T2 has shops and waiting lounges as well as a mainland coach service centre which gathers all operators together.[115]

In late September 2003, the SkyPier high-speed ferry terminal opened. Passengers arriving at the SkyPier board buses to the terminal and arriving air passengers board ferries at the pier for their ride back to the PRD. Passengers travelling both directions can bypass custom and immigration formalities, which reduces transit time. Four ports – Shekou, Shenzhen, Macau and Humen (Dongguan) – were initially served. As of August 2007, SkyPier serves Shenzhen's Shekou and Fuyong, Dongguan's Humen, Macau, Zhongshan and Zhuhai. Passengers travelling from Shekou and Macau can complete airline check-in procedures with participating airlines before boarding the ferries and go straight to the boarding gate for the flight at HKIA.

In 2009, the permanent SkyPier Terminal opened.[116] The permanent ferry terminal is equipped with four berths, but the terminal is designed to accommodate eight berths. Transfer desks and baggage handling facilities are included, and the terminal is directly connected to the airport automatic people mover system.

Baggage and cargo facilities

Ramp handling services are provided by Hong Kong Airport Services Limited (HAS), Jardine Air Terminal Services Limited and SATS HK Limited. Their services include the handling of mail and passenger baggage, transportation of cargo, aerobridge operations and the operation of passenger stairways. The airport has an advanced baggage handling system (BHS), the main section of which is located in the basement level of the passenger terminal, and a separate remote transfer facility at the western end of the main concourse for the handling of tight connection transfer bags.

HKIA handles over five million tonnes of cargo annually.[117] Hong Kong Air Cargo Terminals Limited operates one of the two air cargo terminals at the airport. Its headquarters, the 328,000-square-metre (3,530,000 sq ft) SuperTerminal 1,[118] is the world's second largest stand-alone air cargo handling facility, after the opening of the West Cargo Handling Area of the Shanghai Pudong International Airport on 26 March 2008. The designed capacity is 2.6 million tonnes of freight a year. The second air cargo terminal is operated by Asia Airfreight Terminal Company Limited, and has a capacity of 1.5 million tonnes a year.[119] DHL operates the DHL Central Asia Hub cargo facility which handles 35,000 parcels and 40,000 packages per hour. Hongkong Post operates the Air Mail Centre (AMC) and processes 700,000 packages per day. It is envisaged that HKIA's total air cargo capacity per annum will reach nine million tonnes ultimately.[120]

Aircraft maintenance services

Both line and base maintenance services are undertaken by Hong Kong Aircraft Engineering Company (HAECO), while China Aircraft Services Limited (CASL) and Pan Asia Pacific Aviation Services Limited carry out line maintenance. Line maintenance services include routine servicing of aircraft performed during normal turnaround periods and regularly scheduled layover periods. Base maintenance covers all airframe maintenance services and for this HAECO has a three-bay hangar, which can accommodate up to three Boeing 747-400 aircraft and two Airbus A320 aircraft, and an adjoining support workshop. ^{[citation needed]} HAECO also has the world's largest mobile hangar, weighing over 400 tons. ^{[citation needed]} It can be used to enclose half of a wide-body aeroplane so that the whole facility can fully enclose four 747s when the mobile hangar is used.

On 29 May 2009, CASL opened its first aircraft maintenance hangar in the maintenance area of the airport. The new hangar occupies an area of about 10,000 square metres (110,000 sq ft) and can accommodate one wide-body and one narrow-body aircraft at the same time; the hangar also has an about 10,000-square-metre (110,000 sq ft) area in its annexe building. CASL specialises in Airbus A320 family and Boeing 737 Next Generation series heavy maintenance.[121]

Airport based ground services

This section needs additional citations for verification. (July 2020)

The Air Traffic Control Complex (ATCX), located at the centre of the airfield, is the nerve centre of the entire air traffic control system. Some 370 air traffic controllers and supporting staff work around the clock to provide air traffic control services for the Hong Kong Flight Information Region (FIR). At the Air Traffic Control Tower, controllers provide 24-hour aerodrome control services to aircraft operating at the airport. A backup Air Traffic Control Centre/Tower constructed to the north of the ATCX is available for operational use in the event normal services provided in the ATCX are disrupted by unforeseen circumstances. Apart from serving as an operational backup, the facilities are also used for air traffic control training.

The Airport Meteorological Office (AMO) of the Hong Kong Observatory (HKO) provides weather services for the aviation community. The AMO issues alerts of low-level windshear and turbulence. Windshear detection is made using traditional doppler weather radars as well as the more effective doppler LIDAR, of which Hong Kong International Airport was the first to introduce. Doppler LIDAR systems use lasers to detect windshear and wind direction even when atmospheric conditions are too dry for Doppler radar to work.

Fire and rescue services

Rescue and fire fighting services within the airport are covered by the Airport Fire Contingent of the Hong Kong Fire Services Department. The contingent has 282 members, operating two fire stations and two rescue berths for 24-hour emergency calls. It is equipped with 14 fire appliances which can respond to incidents within two minutes in optimum conditions of visibility and surface conditions, satisfying the relevant recommendation of the International Civil Aviation Organization. Two high capacity rescue boats, supported by eight speed boats, form the core of sea rescue operations. Two ambulances are also assigned at each of the airport fire stations.

Ground transport

The Airport is connected to inner Hong Kong by the Route 8 in Hong Kong North Lantau Highway on Lantau Island.

There is an automated people mover, operated by the Airport Authority and maintained by MTR Corporation, connecting the East Hall to the Midfield Concourse via West Hall and Terminal 2. It was extended to SkyPier in late 2009 and extended to Midfield Concourse in 2015.

Bus

Citybus {Which is Called CityFlyer for Airport Transport Services}, New Lantau Bus, Long Win Bus and {Discovery Bay Transit Services (Permits Required)} operates more than 25 bus routes to the airport from various parts of Hong Kong, available at the Airport Ground Transportation Centre and Cheong Tat Road. The bus companies also offer 10 overnight "N" Bus lines (a.k.a Night services).[122]

Passengers can also take bus route number S1[123] to the Tung Chung MTR station. From there they can board the MTR Tung Chung line which follows the same route as the MTR Airport Express Line to Central Station with cheaper fare but longer journey time.

There is bus service to Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge Control Point. Which services between Chek Lap Kok, Hong Kong to Zhuhai, China and Macau. Coach services are also available to major cities and towns in Guangdong Province, China. such as Dongguan, Guangzhou and Shenzhen. And Also for HZMBus to Macau[124]

Ferry

Direct ferry services are available from the airport to various destinations throughout the Pearl River Delta in China and Macau via Skypier. Passengers using these services are treated as transit passengers and are not considered to have entered Hong Kong for immigration purposes. For this reason, access to the ferry terminal is before immigration in the airport for arriving passengers. Check-in services are available at these piers. Four ports – Shekou, Shenzhen Airport (Fuyong) and Humen (Dongguan) in China ,and Outer Harbour Ferry Terminal in Macau– were initially served, extending to Guangzhou and Zhongshan at the end of 2003. The Zhuhai service began on 10 July 2007 while a Nansha service started on 14 July 2009.[125]

Rail

The fastest service from the city to the airport is the Airport Express, which was a part of the Hong Kong Rail Network in Hong Kong. A dedicated rapid-speed rail link as part of the MTR rapid transit network. The line serves between Asia-World-Expo and Hong Kong (Central) Station makes intermediate stops at the following stations...

1. Tsing Yi Station {Located in the Eastern Part of the Tsing Yi Island, Kwai Tsing District, Tsing Yi is 1 of 3 Communes forms the Tsuen Wan New Town [the other 2 is Tsuen Wan and Kwai Chung), this station mostly served passengers from the Western Part of the New Territories. transfers is available for the Tung Chung Line. Connections is also available for Taxis and public/private buses at the local MTR Malls of Maritime Square}
2. Kowloon Station {Located in the Yau Tsim Mong District on the Western Part of the Kowloon Peninsula, This Station is the Major transfer Hub in the Whole Kowloon Peninsula Area. With stunning landmarks such as West Kowloon Cultural District, the M+ Art Museum, Hong Kong Palace Museum, Avenue of Stars and many more. This station mostly served passengers from the Whole Part of the Kowloon Peninsula. For Domestic Services, Transfers is available for the MTR Local Rail Tung Chung Line in this Station. Transfer is also available for the MTR Commuter Rail of Tuen Ma Line (Formerly called the West Rail Line) in Austin Station for passengers want to interchange from Kowloon Station to the Eastern Part of Kowloon Peninsula and the New Territories. For International Services. Recently at Fall 2018, the High Speed Rail Network Line is established in West Kowloon Station where is a few steps away from Kowloon Station. This Stations can connect the National Rail Network of China in China. Connections is also available for Taxis, MTR Shuttle Buses and public/private buses at the local MTR Malls of Elements. Keep in mind, Kowloon Station provides in-town check-in services for major airlines. which makes more convenient for the passengers.
3. Hong Kong station, the Terminus Station, located at the northern coast of Central and Western District on Hong Kong Island. It takes approximately 24 minutes to reach the Airport from Hong Kong station.[126] Transfer is available for the Tung Chung Line in this Station. Transfer is also avilable for the Island Line and the Tsuen Wan Line at Central Station, which there is the travellators can connected between the 2 stations. Connections is also available such as MTR offers free shuttle bus services between Airport Express stations and hotels in the area, and free transfers are available to and from other MTR lines with a valid Octopus card which is not available to Single Ride Ticket users. Hong Kong Station provides in-town check-in services for major airlines. (Passengers Can Take a Stop of the Island Line or the Tsuen Wan Line to Admiralty Station, which is the Mega Domestic Railway Interchange in Hong Kong Island and the Whole Territory. Transfer is available for the South Island Line (Opened in December 28th, 2016, Located on Platform 5 and 6 {both towards South Horizons} in Admiralty Station) and the Recently opened East Rail Line (Opened in May 15th, 2022, Located on Platform 7 {towards Lo Wu and Lok Ma Chau Border Crossing Stations} and 8 {Terminal Platform, PLEASE DO NOT ALIGHT ON THIS PLATFORM! } in Admiralty Station.)
4. The Airport Express line originally terminated at Airport station, where trains open doors on both sides, allowing direct access to either Terminal 1 or Terminal 2. It was later extended to AsiaWorld–Expo station on 20 December 2005 to facilitate the opening of the nearby AsiaWorld–Expo. During events at the station some Tung Chung line trains, which largely share the same tracks as the Airport Express, serve this station instead of Tung Chung, but these trains do not stop by Airport station.

Taxi

The airport is served by all three different types of taxi, distinguished by their colour:

•   Urban Taxis connect the Airport with Hong Kong Island, Kowloon Peninsula and parts of the new towns of Metropolitan Hong Kong such as Tsuen Wan, Sha Tin and Tseung Kwan O.(urban taxis can go anywhere in Hong Kong except southern parts of Lantau Island). Start Fare in HK$24.00 {~US$3.06} [HK$27.00 {~US$3.44} Starting from July 17th, 2022]
•   New Territories Taxis connect the airport with the New Territories, except those parts in the Metropolitan Hong Kong Area such as Tsuen Wan, Sha Tin and Tseung Kwan O (except parts of Hang Hau) were served by urban taxis. Start Fare in HK$20.50 {~US$2.61} [HK$23.50 {~US$2.99} Starting from July 17th, 2022]
•   Lantau Taxis connect the airport with the rest of Lantau Island. Start Fare in HK$19.00 {~US$2.42} [HK$22.00 {~US$2.80} Starting from July 17th, 2022]
• CAUTION: Since JULY 17th, 2022, the Department of Transport of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region declare all Taxicabs will add HK$3.00 from their Original Fare.

Accidents and incidents

The following are aviation accidents or incidents at the current HKIA (see accidents and incidents at the former HKIA at Kai Tak):

• On 22 August 1999, China Airlines Flight 642 (an MD-11 operated by subsidiary Mandarin Airlines), which was landing at Hong Kong International Airport during Typhoon Sam after a flight from Bangkok International Airport (now Bangkok Don Mueang International Airport), rolled over and caught fire, coming to rest upside down beside the runway. Of the 315 passengers and crew on board, 3 people were killed and 219 were injured.
• On 13 April 2010, Cathay Pacific Flight 780 from Surabaya Juanda International Airport to Hong Kong landed safely after both engines failed due to contaminated fuel. 57 passengers were injured. Its two pilots received the Polaris Award from the International Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations for their heroism and airmanship.[127]
• In 2015, a French traveler committed suicide by jumping to his death.[128]
• On 4 October 2017, some cargo caught fire as it was being loaded onto an American Airlines plane. The authorities were able to contain the fire. The plane and an airport vehicle was damaged and one person was injured.[129]
• In April 2021, three cargo pallets waiting to be transferred onto a Hong Kong Air Cargo caught fire. Each pallet included Vivo smartphones destined for Bangkok. The airline banned shipments of Vivo phones and all shipments from two freight forwarding companies as a result.[130]
• On 21 July 2021, UPS Airlines Flight 5X003 suffered from an engine fire in the #1 engine shortly after take-off. The flight subsequently made a successful emergency landing on Runway 07L and was met by Airport fire crew which extinguished the flames. Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department and the NTSB are currently investigating the incident.[131]

Accolades

• Skytrax World's Best Airport for Dining (2017)[132]
• AETRA Best Airport Worldwide (2005)
• Air Cargo News Cargo Airport of the Year (2002–2003)
• Air Cargo World Air Cargo Excellence (2007)
• Air Transport Research Society Asia Pacific Airport Efficiency Excellence Award (2007)
• Asiaweek Asia's Best Airport (2000)
• British Constructional Steelwork Association, the Steel Construction Institute and British Steel plc Structural Steel Design Award (1999)
• Business Traveller Best Airport in China (2006–2008, 2010–2014)
• Centre for Asia Pacific Aviation CAPA International Airport of the Year (2007)
• Conde Nast Traveller World's Best Airport (2007)
• Construction Industry Manufacturers Association CONEXPO-CON/AGG '99 Top 10 Construction Achievements of the 20th Century – Airport Core Programme (1999)
• Federation of Asia Pacific Aircargo Associations Most Friendly Airport for Cargo (2005)
• Hong Kong Institute of Architects Silver Medal for Architecture (1999)
• Hong Kong Institute of Certified Public Accountants Diamond – Best Corporate Governance Disclosure Awards (2004)
• International Air Transport Association (IATA) Eagle Award (2002)
• Payload Asia Awards Asia Pacific Airport of the Year – Industry Choice Award (2014–2015)
• Raven Fox Award for Travel-Retail Excellence in Asia / Pacific (1999–2000)
• Skytrax World's Best Airport (2001–2005, 2007–2008, 2011)
• Smart Travel Asia World's Best Airport (2006–2007, 2011, 2014)
• SmartTravelAsia.com Best Airport Worldwide (2006–2007)
• TravelWeekly Best International Airport (2007)
• TravelWeeklyChina Best Airport Facilities (2006)
• TTG Best Airport (2002, 2004–2008; Survey was not held in 2003 owing to SARS)
• WTA World Travel Awards Asia/ Pacific's Leading Airport (2000)

Year	Award	Category	Results	Ref
2008	Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International	Best Airport Worldwide	3rd	[133]
2009				[134]
		Best Airport in Asia-Pacific
		Best Airport by Size (over 40 million passenger)	Won
2010		Best Airport Worldwide	3rd	[135]
2011			4th	[136]

See also

• Airport Security Unit
• Hong Kong–Zhuhai–Macau Bridge
• Tuen Mun–Chek Lap Kok Link
• List of busiest airports by cargo traffic
• List of busiest airports by passenger traffic
• List of places in Hong Kong
• Megaprojects and Risk
• Shek Kong Airfield – a military airbase in Hong Kong
• Transport in Hong Kong
• Airport Freight Forwarding Centre

References

External links

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Hong Kong International Airport.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Hong Kong International Airport.

• Official website
• "Aeronautical Information Publication (All Parts)" (PDF). Civil Aviation Department. 2020.
• "HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT INSTRUMENT APPROACH CHART Revision2" (PDF). Air Traffic Management Division, Civil Aviation Department. 2009.
• Geographic data related to Hong Kong International Airport at OpenStreetMap

На других языках

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[de] Hong Kong International Airport

Der Hong Kong International Airport (chinesisch .mw-parser-output .Hant{font-size:110%}香港國際機場 / .mw-parser-output .Hans{font-size:110%}香港国际机场, Pinyin Xiānggǎng Guójì Jīchǎng, Jyutping Hoeng1gong1 Gwok3zai3 Gei1coeng4) ist der größte Flughafen Hongkongs und der größte Frachtflughafen der Welt. Er ist auch als Flughafen Chek Lap Kok (赤鱲角機場 / 赤鱲角机场, Chìlièjiǎo Jīchǎng, Jyutping Cek3laap6gok3 Gei1coeng4) bekannt, um ihn von seinem Vorgängerflughafen Kai Tak zu unterscheiden, den er 1998 ersetzte.

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- [en] Hong Kong International Airport

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[es] Aeropuerto Internacional de Hong Kong

El aeropuerto internacional de Hong Kong, también conocido como aeropuerto Chek Lap Kok[1] es el principal aeropuerto de la Región Administrativa Especial de Hong Kong en la República Popular China. Inaugurado en junio de 1998, es junto al gran río artificial de Libia uno de los dos proyectos de ingeniería más costosos de la historia, llevado a cabo por Foster and Partners. Sustituyó al aeropuerto internacional Kai Tak en 1998[2] debido a su situación en el centro de la ciudad (siendo considerado por muchos expertos como uno de los aeropuertos comerciales más peligrosos jamás construidos), y en el lugar se erigió una villa olímpica para los Juegos Olímpicos de Pekín 2008.

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[fr] Aéroport international de Hong Kong

@media all and (max-width:720px){body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output *[class*="infobox"] table{display:table}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output *[class*="infobox"] caption{display:table-caption}}

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[it] Aeroporto Internazionale di Hong Kong

L'Aeroporto Internazionale di Hong Kong[3] (IATA: HKG, ICAO: VHHH) (in cinese: 香港國際機場; in inglese: Hong Kong International Airport) è il principale aeroporto di Hong Kong. È noto come Chek Lap Kok (赤鱲角機場), dal nome dell'isola su cui è costruito e per distinguerlo dal vecchio aeroporto di Hong Kong Kai Tak (啟德機場) situato nella zona di Kowloon. Sorge a 25 km a ovest del Central District dell'isola di Hong Kong.

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[ru] Гонконг (аэропорт)

Международный аэропорт Гонко́нг (иер. трад. 香港國際機場, упр. 香港国际机场; англ. Hong Kong International Airport; ИАТА: HKG, ИКАО: VHHH) — аэропорт Гонконга. Имеет неофициальное название аэропорт Чхеклапкок (иер. трад. 赤鱲角機場, упр. 赤鱲角机场; англ. Chek Lap Kok Airport), по названию острова Чхеклапкок, на котором он построен, а также для того, чтобы не путать его со старым гонконгским аэропортом Кайтак.

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