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The Victoria River is a river in the Victoria Bonaparte bioregion of the Northern Territory, Australia.

Victoria
Victoria River access, near the roadhouse Victoria River crossing
Location of the Victoria River mouth
in the Northern Territory
EtymologyQueen Victoria[1]
Location
CountryAustralia
TerritoryNorthern Territory
RegionVictoria Bonaparte (IBRA)
Physical characteristics
SourceMount Farquharson
  elevation364 m (1,194 ft)
MouthJoseph Bonaparte Gulf
  coordinates
14°56′50″S 129°33′15″E
  elevation
0 m (0 ft)
Length560 km (350 mi)
Basin size87,900 km2 (33,900 sq mi)
Discharge 
  average158.4 m3/s (5,590 cu ft/s)
Basin features
National parkJudbarra / Gregory NP
[2][3]

Location and features


Killing an Alligator, Victoria River from Volume 2 of John Lort Stokes' 1846 book Discoveries in Australia.
Killing an Alligator, Victoria River from Volume 2 of John Lort Stokes' 1846 book Discoveries in Australia.

Flowing for 560 kilometres (350 mi) from its source, south of the Judbarra / Gregory National Park, until it enters Joseph Bonaparte Gulf in the Timor Sea, the Victoria River is the longest singularly named permanent river in the Northern Territory.[4] Part of the area adjoining the river mouth has been identified as the Legune (Joseph Bonaparte Bay) Important Bird Area because of its importance for waterbirds.[5]

However, the longest permanent river in the Northern Territory, as defined by international standards, is the Katherine/Daly River. This is a single river with two separating (at the Flora River tributary) European names. This great river was, until recently, deemed as two separate rivers due to the European naming conventions of the time. Its journey begins just south of Jabiru, high in the Arnhem Land escarpment as a trickle until it flows into the Timor Sea some 690 kilometres (430 mi) later, thus making it 130 kilometres (81 mi) longer than the Victoria River.

The river has 56 tributaries including the Camfield River, Wickham River, Battle Creek, Angalarri River, Gidyea Creek and Armstrong River. The river also flows through several waterholes such as Catfish waterhole and Four Mile Waterhole.[2] It has a mean annual outflow of 5,000 gigalitres (1.321×1012 US gal),[6]

Important wetlands are found in the lower reaches of the river with forming suitable habitat for waterfowl breeding colonies and roosting sites for migratory shorebirds. Large areas of rice-grass floodplain grasslands are also found along the river.[7]

Several large cattle stations are found along the length of the river including Riveren where the river originates,[3] Victoria River Downs, Wave Hill Station[8] and Coolibah Station.[9]


History


On 12 September 1819, Philip Parker King came to the mouth of the Victoria and, twenty years later, in 1839, Captain J. C. Wickham arrived at the same spot in HMS Beagle and named the river after Queen Victoria. Crew members of the Beagle followed the river upstream into the interior for more than 200 kilometres (120 mi).[1]

In August 1855 Augustus Gregory sailed from Moreton Bay and at the end of September reached the estuary of the Victoria River. He sailed up the river and carried out extensive exploration.[10]

In 1847 Edmund Kennedy went on an expedition to trace the route of the "River Victoria" of Thomas Mitchell with a view to finding whether there was a practical route to the Gulf of Carpentaria. This "River Victoria" was later renamed the Barcoo River.[11]


Eponyms


A species of turtle, Emydura victoriae, is named after the Victoria River.[12]


See also



References


  1. "Discovery of Victoria River". South Australian History site. Retrieved 2 September 2013.
  2. "Map of Victoria River, NT". Bonzle Digital Atlas of Australia. 2013. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  3. "Overview of the Victoria River Catchment" (PDF). Top End Waterways Project. 2005. Retrieved 29 September 2014.
  4. "Longest rivers by State and Territory". Geoscience Australia. Australian Government. Retrieved 17 February 2013.
  5. "IBA: Legune (Joseph Bonaparte Bay)". Birdata. Birds Australia. Retrieved 5 August 2011.
  6. "Victoria River" (PDF). TRaCK. 2009. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
  7. "Victoria Bonaparte Bioregional Description". Northern Territory Government. Archived from the original on 27 March 2015. Retrieved 3 May 2015.
  8. "National Heritage Places - Wave Hill Walk-Off Route". Government of Australia. 2011. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
  9. "Its our chopper and we'll ski if we want to". NT News. March 2012. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
  10. Waterson, D. B. (1972). "Gregory, Sir Augustus Charles (1819–1905)". Australian Dictionary of Biography. Melbourne University Press. ISSN 1833-7538. Retrieved 20 June 2012 via National Centre of Biography, Australian National University.
  11. Beale, Edgar (1983). Kennedy The Barcoo and Beyond 1847. Hobart: Blubber Head Press. ISBN 0-908528-11-6.
  12. Beolens, Bo; Watkins, Michael; Grayson, Michael (2011). The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. xiii + 296 pp. ISBN 978-1-4214-0135-5. ("Victoria", p. 275).

На других языках


[de] Victoria River (Joseph Bonaparte Gulf)

Der Victoria River ist ein Fluss im Nordwesten des australischen Northern Territory.
- [en] Victoria River (Northern Territory)

[ru] Виктория (река, впадает в Тиморское море)

Викто́рия[1] (англ. Victoria River) — самая длинная река в Северной территории (Австралия). Выделяется в отдельный регион.



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