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The Étang de Berre (in Provençal Occitan: estanh de Bèrra / mar de Bèrra according to classical orthography, estang de Berro / mar de Berro according to Mistralian orthography) is a brackish water[1] lagoon on the Mediterranean coast of France, about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north-west of Marseille.
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| Étang de Berre | |
|---|---|
 port at Istres | |
  Étang de Berre | |
| Location | France |
| Coordinates | 43°26′45″N 5°06′50″E |
| Primary inflows | Arc, Touloubre, Cadière, canal de la Durance |
| Primary outflows | canal de Caronte, canal du Rove |
| Catchment area | 1,700 km2 (660 sq mi) (natural) |
| Basin countries | France |
| Surface area | 155.3 km2 (60.0 sq mi) |
| Water volume | 900 million cubic metres (730,000 acre⋅ft) |
| Surface elevation | 0.4 m (1 ft 4 in) |
Geography
The lagoon covers an area of 155.3 km2 (60.0 sq mi). Created by the rise in water levels at the end of the last ice age, this small inland sea is composed of three parts: the principal body of water, the Étang de Vaïne to the east and the Étang de Bolmon to the south-east.
The Étang de Berre is fed with fresh water by the rivers Arc, Touloubre and Cadière and – since 1966 – by Électricité de France's Canal EDF de la Durance. Two canals link it to the Mediterranean, the open air Canal de Caronte leading towards Port-de-Bouc and the Canal de Marseille au Rhône which leads towards L'Estaque through the Rove Tunnel; the Rove Tunnel has been closed since 1963, after a section of the tunnel collapsed.
The Marseille Provence Airport is located in the southeast portion of the Étang de Berre, with its main runway extending into the water on reclaimed land.
Administration
Ten communes border the Étang de Berre: Istres, Miramas, Saint-Chamas, Berre-l'Étang, Rognac, Vitrolles, Marignane, Châteauneuf-les-Martigues, Martigues and Saint-Mitre-les-Remparts.
History
The ancient name of the Étang de Berre was Stagnum Mastromela, according to Pliny the Elder (Book III [34]).
References
- Alekseenko, Elena; Roux, Bernard; Kuznetsov, Konstantin (2021-12-29). Zhao, Elle (ed.). "Wind-Induced Resuspension and Transport of Contaminated Sediment from the Rove Canal into the Etang De Berre, France". Water. MDPI. 14 (1): 63 (section 2: Study Site). doi:10.3390/w14010062.
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На других языках
- [en] Étang de Berre
[es] Laguna de Berre
La laguna de Berre, también llamada mar de Berre y a veces estanque [marino] de Berre (en francés, Étang de Berre; en occitano mar de Bèrra o Estanh de Bèrra, en provenzal estang de Berro o mar de Berro[1]) es una laguna litoral de agua salada conectada con el mar Mediterráneo. Se localiza en el sur de Francia, entre la desembocadura del río Ródano y la ciudad de Marsella.[2] La palabra francesa «étang» define perfectamente este tipo de laguna costera, siendo similar a la española albufera, ya que se trata, geomorfológicamente, de un accidente litoral de tipo lagoon. A veces se traduce literalmente del francés como «estanque», siendo más correcta su traducción como «laguna».[fr] Étang de Berre
L'étang de Berre (en occitan provençal estang de Berro ou mar de Berro[1], estanh de Bèrra ou mar de Bèrra selon la norme classique) est une lagune méditerranéenne d'eau saumâtre située à l'ouest de Marseille, dans le département des Bouches-du-Rhône, en région Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur. L'appellation « étang », utilisée pour désigner la lagune, provient de la traduction littérale des termes occitans estanh ou estang.[it] Laguna di Berre
La laguna di Berre (in francese Étang de Berre, in lingua provenzale Estanh o Mar de Bèrra secondo la norma classica, Estang o Mar de Berro secondo la norma mistraliana) è una riserva d'acqua salmastra francese nei pressi del mar Mediterraneo ad ovest della città di Marsiglia.[ru] Бер (озеро)
Бер (фр. L'étang de Berre) — озеро лагунного типа во Франции у берегов Средиземного моря, расположено к западу от Марселя и к востоку от дельты Роны.Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.
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