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Toledo Bend Reservoir is a reservoir on the Sabine River between Texas and Louisiana. The lake has an area of 185,000 acres (749 km²), the largest man-made body of water partially in both Louisiana and Texas, the largest in the South, and the fifth largest by surface acre in the United States.[1] The dam is capable of generating 92 megawatts of electrical power. The dam itself is located in the northeast corner of Newton County, Texas; however, that county includes very little of the reservoir, as most of it extends northward into parts of Sabine and DeSoto parishes in Louisiana, and Sabine, Shelby, and Panola counties in Texas.

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Toledo Bend Reservoir
Toledo Bend Reservoir Show map of Louisiana Toledo Bend Reservoir Show map of Texas Toledo Bend Reservoir Show map of the United States
Location	Texas / Louisiana
Coordinates	31.1965°N 93.5721°W / 31.1965; -93.5721
Lake type	reservoir
Primary inflows	Sabine River
Primary outflows	Sabine River
Basin countries	United States
Max. length	65 miles (105 km)
Max. width	10 miles (16 km)
Surface area	185,000 acres (75,000 ha)
Average depth	24 feet (7 m)
Max. depth	110 feet (34 m)
Water volume	4,477,000 acre-feet (5.52 km3)
Shore length1	1,264 miles (2,030 km)
Surface elevation	170 feet (52 m)
1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure.

Historical development

The land along the Orange area often flooded from the Sabine, with destructive effects. Also, the considerations for municipal, industrial, agricultural, and recreational purposes were part of the reasons the Texas State Legislature formed the Sabine River Authority of Texas" (SRA-T) in 1949, and in 1950 the Louisiana State Legislature created the Sabine River Authority, State of Louisiana (SRA-L) for the project.[2]

The two autonomous entities formed the Sabine River Compact,[3] a memorandum of agreement, approved by the Legislatures of the States of Texas (1953) and Louisiana (1954), The U.S. Congress, and the President. These organizations and the compact were a result of efforts that began with the Sabine River Watershed Association of Texas after World War II as well as citizens from Louisiana, to create a freshwater supply, that included hydroelectric power, as well as providing recreation.[4]

With both authorities in agreement, in 1955 a feasibility report was initiated and by 1959, the two states allocated 30 million dollars for the project. The land was acquired in 1963, with the work following the subsequent year. The Massman-Johnson Construction Company served as the general contractor, and by the completion of the project in 1969 (53 years ago) (1969), Texas’ estimated share of the funds was $70 million.[5] The dam was built by the two states, without any assistance from the federal government.[6] Louisiana Director of Public Works Claude Kirkpatrick, who was also president of the Sabine River Authority of Louisiana at the time, pushed for the joint agreement with Texas, in the absence of federal funds, to make the project a reality.

The Toledo Bend legislative bill was successfully pushed, despite numerous obstacles, by freshman Representative Cliff Ammons of Many, Sabine Parish, Louisiana. Funding came from Constitutional Amendment 8, which tapped previous funds for Civil War pensions into the specific reservoir project.[7] Though Ammons became known as "the father of Toledo Bend,"[8] voters defeated him in the 1964 state legislative election.[7]

History

Beginning in May 1963, land acquisitions for Toledo Bend Reservoir started as a joint management project of Texas and Louisiana River Authorities. Construction on the Toledo Bend Dam, spillway, and power plant, began on May 11, 1964. The closure section of the earthen embankment and impoundment of water was begun in October 1966. The power plant was completed and began operating in the early part of 1969. The Toledo Bend Project was constructed primarily for the purposes of water supply, hydroelectric power generation, and recreation.

Toledo Bend Reservoir forms a portion of the boundary between the states of Texas and Louisiana. From the dam site, which is north of Burkeville, TX, the reservoir extends up the river for about 65 miles (105 km) to Logansport, LA, and inundates land in Sabine, Shelby, Panola, and Newton Counties, Texas, and Sabine and DeSoto Parishes, Louisiana.

Area impact

Many communities were affected in the impacted parishes and counties.

Sabine Parish

In Sabine Parish there were several communities that included houses and other buildings such as schools and churches predominantly poor and minority, that were inundated.[9]

• Pine Flat Community (100 individuals and included about 50 homes and a school),
• Barlake community,
• Richard Neck community,
• Kites Landing

The water, normally covering an area of about 186,000 acres has a controlled storage capacity of 4,477,000 acre-feet (5.52 km³).

Toledo Bend is the nation's only public water conservation and hydroelectric power project to be undertaken without federal participation in its permanent financing.^{[citation needed]}

Public recreation

Toledo Bend, with its 1,200 miles (1,900 km) of shoreline, offers a large variety of recreational activities and is a major element in serving the growing demand for water oriented outdoor recreation. Both private and public facilities are available for swimming, boating, picnicking, fishing, camping, hunting, and sightseeing. The reservoir is a popular location for freshwater fishing with many clubs hosting tournaments.

At present, the lake is best suited to shallow draft power boats due to a large number of trees and stumps that are still in the body of the lake. Although there are numerous well marked boat lanes that have been cleared of stumps and trees, one should use caution even on the boat lanes; one should use extreme caution when off the boat lanes and maintain a watch for stumps and/or trees as well as floating logs.

See also

• Lawrence T. Fuglaar, former member of the Louisiana House of Representatives and 1972 drowning victim on the lake
• Conway LeBleu, represented Calcasieu and Cameron parishes in the Louisiana House from 1964 to 1988 and was member of the Sabine River Authority[10]
• Texas Oilman's Bass Invitational

References

External links

• ToledoBendLake.com - The largest and oldest Toledo Bend Lake information site
• ToledoBendLakeCountry.com -- Official site of the Toledo Bend (Sabine Parish) Tourist Commission
• Toledo-Bend.Com -- Comprehensive info on Toledo Bend Lake and surrounding areas of Texas and Louisiana
• ToledoBend.Com -- Complete source of information on Toledo Bend Lake

На других языках

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[de] Toledo Bend Reservoir

Das Toledo-Bend-Reservoir ist ein Stausee am Sabine River in Texas und Louisiana. Der See hat eine Fläche von 749 km² und ist damit die größte menschengemachte Wasserfläche im Süden der USA und die fünftgrößte in den gesamten USA[1] (nach Lake Powell, Lake Sakakawea, Lake Oahe und Fort Peck Lake). Das Wasserkraftwerk hat eine Leistung von 92 Megawatt. Der Damm steht in der nordwestlichen Ecke des Newton County in Texas und in Louisiana. Der Zweck der Anlage sind Wasserversorgung, Wasserkrafterzeugung und Erholung.

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- [en] Toledo Bend Reservoir

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[fr] Toledo Bend Reservoir

Toledo Bend Reservoir est un lac de barrage sur la rivière Sabine entre le Texas et la Louisiane. Le lac a une superficie de 749 km2, et est le plus grand plan d'eau artificiel de la Louisiane (ou partiellement en Louisiane), le plus grand du Sud et le cinquième des États-Unis en ce qui concerne la surface[1]. Le barrage est capable de générer 92 mégawatts d'énergie électrique. Le barrage lui-même est situé dans le coin nord-est du comté de Newton, au Texas; cependant, ce comté comprend très peu du lacs de barrages, car la plus grande partie de celui-ci s'étend vers le nord dans des parties des paroisses de Sabine et DeSoto en Louisiane et dans les comtés de Sabine, Shelby et Panola au Texas.

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