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The lake known as O'Higgins in Chile and San Martín in Argentina is located around coordinates 48°50′S 72°36′W in Patagonia, between the Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region and the Santa Cruz Province.

O'Higgins
San Martín Lake
O'Higgins
Location	O'Higgins Commune, Capitán Prat Province, Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region, Chile / Lago Argentino Department, Santa Cruz Province, Argentina
Coordinates	48°50′S 72°36′W
Primary inflows	Mayer River
Primary outflows	Pascua River
Basin countries	Argentina, Chile
Surface area	1,013 km2 (391 sq mi)
Max. depth	836 m (2,743 ft)
Shore length1	525 km (326 mi)
Surface elevation	250 m (820 ft)
Sections/sub-basins	Cancha Rayada, Chacabuco, Maipú, De la Lancha
1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure.

General information

The lake has a surface area of 1,013 square kilometres (391 sq mi), an elevation of 250 metres (820 ft) above mean sea level, and a shoreline length of 525 kilometres (326 mi). Viewed from above, the lake consists of a series of finger-shaped flooded valleys, of which 554 square kilometres (214 sq mi) are in Chile and 459 square kilometres (177 sq mi) in Argentina, although sources differ on the precise split, presumably reflecting water level variability. The lake is the deepest in the Americas with a maximum depth of 836 metres (2,743 ft) near O'Higgins Glacier,[1] and its characteristic milky light-blue color comes from rock flour suspended in its waters. It is mainly fed by the Mayer River and other streams, and its outlet, the Pascua River, discharges water from the lake towards the Pacific Ocean at a rate of 510 cubic metres per second (18,000 cu ft/s). The O'Higgins Glacier flows eastwards towards the lake, as does the Chico Glacier. Both of these glaciers are part of the Southern Patagonian Ice Field which extends for approximately 350 kilometres (220 mi) in a north–south direction to the west of Lake O'Higgins.

Immigrants did not settle in the arid windy area around the lake until the 1910s, when British, Scandinavians and Swiss started raising sheep for wool.

The most common tourist route for visiting the lake is that between El Chaltén in Argentina and Villa O'Higgins in Chile, including a ferry through the lake on the Chilean side.

Water from O'Higgins/San Martín Lake flows into the Pacific Ocean through the Pascua River.

Names

Being the most irregular of the lakes in the area, consisting of eight well defined arms, the name San Martín is sometimes used to refer only to the Argentine side, and O'Higgins to the four Chilean arms. Both names come from independence heroes José de San Martín of Argentina and Bernardo O'Higgins of Chile, who fought together for the liberation of Chile, and came to be known as Liberators of America together with other South American figures.

The four Argentine arms of the lake, with an area of 521 km², are named Cancha Rayada, Chacabuco, Maipú and De la Lancha, after battles of General San Martín.

See also

• Lake Viedma
• Lake Argentino
• List of international lakes

References

External links

• Border crossing Chaltén to O'Higgins
• CECS, Depth of Lake O'Higgins/San Martín^{[permanent dead link]}

На других языках

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[de] Lago O’Higgins/San Martín

Der O’Higginssee oder San Martínsee (spanisch Lago O’Higgins (in Chile), Lago San Martín (in Argentinien)) ist ein Gletschersee der Anden, teils in Chile und teils in Argentinien gelegen, und der tiefste des südamerikanischen Kontinents.

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- [en] O'Higgins/San Martín Lake

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[es] Lago O'Higgins/San Martín

El lago O'Higgins/San Martín se ubica en la Patagonia y es compartido por Chile y Argentina. El lago es conocido en cada país con el nombre de los libertadores respectivos: en Argentina es conocido como lago San Martín en honor a José de San Martín, mientras que en Chile se denomina lago O'Higgins en honor a Bernardo O'Higgins. Su nombre original en idioma tehuelche sería Charre, de acuerdo con algunos documentalistas.

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[fr] Lac O'Higgins

Le lac O'Higgins selon son appellation chilienne (en espagnol : lago O'Higgins), ou lac San Martín, selon son appellation argentine (Lago San Martín), est un lac d'origine glaciaire situé entre l'Argentine et le Chili, en Patagonie.

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[it] Lago O'Higgins/San Martín

Il lago O'Higgins/San Martín si trova in Patagonia ed è suddiviso tra Argentina e Cile. Il lago è conosciuto con i nomi di due personaggi storici: in Argentina porta il nome di "lago San Martín" in onore di José de San Martín, mentre in Cile si chiama "lago O'Higgins" in onore di Bernardo O'Higgins. Entrambi i nomi sono riconosciuti a livello internazionale.

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[ru] Сан-Мартин (озеро)

Сан-Мартин, О’Хиггинс (исп. Lago San Martín, Lago O'Higgins) — фьордообразно разветвлённое озеро на юге Южной Америки, в патагонских Андах. Разделено между провинцией Санта-Крус Аргентины (где называется «Сен-Мартин») и областью Айсен-дель-Хенераль-Карлос-Ибаньес-дель-Кампо Чили (где называется О’Хиггинс)[1].

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