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Kluane Lake is located in the southwest area of the Yukon. It is the largest lake contained entirely within Yukon at approximately 408 km² (158 sq mi),[1]^: 1 and 81 km (50 mi) long.[1]^: 1

Kluane Lake
Kluane Lake Show map of Canada Kluane Lake Show map of Yukon
Location	Yukon
Coordinates	61°14′N 138°40′W
Primary inflows	Formerly the Slims River
Primary outflows	Kluane River
Catchment area	Bering Sea Watershed
Basin countries	Canada
Max. length	81 km (50 mi)[1]: 1
Surface area	c. 408 km2 (158 sq mi)[1]: 1
Average depth	31 m (102 ft)
Max. depth	91 m (299 ft)[1]: 1
Surface elevation	781 m (2,562 ft)[1]: 1
Settlements	Burwash Landing, Destruction Bay

Kluane Lake is located approximately 60 km (37 mi)[1]^: 1 northwest of Haines Junction.[1]^: 1 The Alaska Highway follows most of the south side of Kluane Lake and offers lake views. The lake has a mean depth of 31 m (102 ft) and a maximum depth of 91 m (299 ft)[1]^: 1

Until 2016,[2][3] Kluane Lake was fed by the A'ay Chu (Slims River),[1] which was composed of meltwater from the Kaskawulsh Glacier, located within Kluane National Park. Kluane Lake drains into the Kluane River, whose waters flow into the Donjek River, White River, Yukon River, and eventually the Bering Sea. The lake has a high density of large-bodied lake trout and whitefish[1]^: 1 and is known for its fishing.

In a startling case of climate change, over 4 days in May 2016, the Slims River suddenly disappeared, leaving windswept mud flats where the Alaska Highway crosses the diminished inlet. Voluminous glacial meltwaters were suddenly diverted from one side of North America to another — from the Bering Sea to the Gulf of Alaska. With its main water supply cut off, Kluane Lake will likely become an isolated basin within a few years, shrinking below its outlet (the Kluane River). Lack of inflow is rapidly changing the water chemistry and fish populations of Kluane Lake. Clouds of dust now frequently fill the formerly clear air.

For the last 300 years until 2016, abundant meltwater from the Kaskawulsh Glacier has been channeled by ice dams to drain via the 150-meter wide Slims River northwards into Kluane Lake. Between 1956 and 2007, the Kaskawulsh glacier retreated by 655 meters, which most scientists attribute to human-caused climate change.[4] Meltwater flooding from accelerating retreat in 2016 carved a new channel through a large ice field, diverting most flows into the Kaskawulsh River, a tributary of the Alsek, which flows into the Gulf of Alaska.

Communities

The Yukon communities of Burwash Landing and Destruction Bay are located on the southern shore of the lake.[1]^: 1

Northern Mountain Caribou

The Aishihik and Kluane caribou herds migrate in the area surrounding Kluane and Aishihik Lakes. They are a northern mountain caribou, a distinct ecotype of the woodland caribou. In 2009, there were 181 caribou in the Kluane herd (also known as the Burwash herd) and 2044 caribou in the Aishihik herd. The Kluane herd was declining while the Aishihik herd was increasing.[5]

References

External links

На других языках

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[de] Kluane Lake

Der Kluane Lake (engl. Aussprache: ‚Kloo-wah-nee‘) ist mit 405 km² der größte See, der ganz im Territorium Yukon liegt.[2] Er ist etwa 70 km lang. Orte am See sind Destruction Bay, Burwash Landing und Kluane. Das Schmelzwasser des Kaskawulsh-Gletschers fließt u. a. über den Slims River (A'ay Chu River) in den See.[3] Der Abfluss des Sees ist der Kluane River, der über den Donjek River, den White River und den Yukon River das Beringmeer erreicht. Der Alaska Highway folgt dem Südufer des Sees, der auch durch seine Moräne und die Amerikanische Seesaiblinge bekannt ist. Am See befindet sich der Kluane-Nationalpark. Der heutige Name ist eine englische Adaption der Bezeichnung der dort ansässigen Southern Tutchone als Łù’àn Män („großer Fisch-See“) und ihrer Handelspartner, der an der Nordwestküste ansässigen Küsten-Tlingit, die das Gebiet rund um den See als ùxh-àni („Gebiet der Heringsmaräne (Lake Whitefish)“) bezeichneten. Die heutige Kluane First Nation nennt sich daher traditionell auch Lù’àn Män Ku Dän oder Lù’àn Mun Ku Dän („Kluane Lake Volk“).

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- [en] Kluane Lake

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[fr] Lac Kluane

Le lac Kluane est un lac situé au sud-ouest du Yukon au Canada, de 70 kilomètres de long, et d'environ 400 km2, à une altitude de 781 m. C'est le plus grand lac situé entièrement au Yukon.

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[ru] Клуэйн (озеро)

Клуэйн (англ. Kluane Lake) — озеро на северо-западе Северной Америки.

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