geo.wikisort.org - ReservoirChatyr-Köl (Kyrgyz: Чатыр-Көл, Russian: Чатыр-Куль, romanized: Chatyr-Kul') is an endorheic alpine lake in the Tian Shan mountains in At-Bashy District of Naryn Province, Kyrgyzstan; it lies in the lower part of Chatyr-Köl Depression near the Torugart Pass border crossing into China. The name of the lake means “Celestial Lake” in Kyrgyz (literally "Roof Lake").
Body of water
Chatyr-Köl |
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Location | Tian Shan mountains, Naryn Region |
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Coordinates | 40°37′N 75°18′E |
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Type | Endorheic Mountain lake |
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Native name | Чатыр-Көл (Kyrgyz) |
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Primary inflows | Glaciers |
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Primary outflows | Evaporation |
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Catchment area | 1,050 km2 (410 sq mi) |
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Basin countries | Kyrgyzstan |
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Designation | Ramsar site |
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Max. length | 23 km (14 mi) |
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Max. width | 10 km (6.2 mi) |
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Surface area | 181 km2 (70 sq mi) |
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Max. depth | 16.5 m (54 ft) |
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Water volume | 0.62 km3 (0.15 cu mi) |
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Shore length1 | 58 km (36 mi) |
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Surface elevation | 3,530 m (11,580 ft) |
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Islands | none |
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Settlements | none |
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Official name | Chatyr Kul |
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Designated | 8 November 2005 |
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Reference no. | 1588[1] |
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1 Shore length is not a well-defined measure. |
Climate
The mean annual temperature in the lake basin is −5.6 °C (21.9 °F), with mean temperature of −22 °C (−8 °F) in January, and 7.1 °C (44.8 °F) in July. The maximum temperature in summer is 24 °C (75 °F), and the minimum one in winter is −50 °C (−58 °F). Some 88-90% of the lake basin's 208–269 mm of annual precipitation falls in summer. From October to end of April the lake surface freezes, the ice becoming as much as 0.25-1.5 m thick.[2][3]
Hydrology
The water of Chatyr Kul Lake is yellowish-green with water transparency of up to 4 metres (13 ft). The mineralization of the lake ranges from 0.5 to 1.0 milligrams per liter (chloride, hydrocarbonate, sodium and magnesium type of mineralization). The salinity of the lake is 2 ppt. Mineral sources in the south part of the lake have mineralization of from 5 to 7 grams (0.18 to 0.25 oz) per liter and pH = 5,8-6,0. Flow rate is 1,866 m3 (65,900 cu ft) in winter and 3,629 cubic metres (128,200 cu ft) during summer.[4] 41 small streams debouches into the lake, of those 21 originate in Torugart Range and 20 - in Atbashy Range.[5]
Negative water balance of the lake over the last decades causes the decline in the lake level. The mineral water from the sources is cold and has a strong mineral taste and flow first into the small Chatyr Kul lake that is about 1,5 meters higher than the actual Chatyr Kul.[6]
Protection
Since 1998, a section of the lake and its shore (3,200 ha land, 3,954 ha water) is protected as part of the Karatal-Japyryk Nature Reserve.[7] The whole lake is a game reserve (IUCN category IV) since 1972.[8] The game reserve was established to protect water fowl, including the bar-headed goose.[9] The lake is a Ramsar site of globally significant biodiversity (Ramsar Site RDB Code 2KG002).[1]
Gallery
Map of the region including the Ozero Chatyr-Kul' (AMS, 1948)
Map of the region including the Ozero Chatyr-kel' (DMA, 1985)
References
- "Chatyr Kul". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
- Атлас Кыргызской Республики [Atlas of Kyrgyz Republic] (in Russian). Bishkek: Academy of Sciences of Kyrgyz SSR. 1987. p. 156.
- Иссык-Куль. Нарын:Энциклопедия [Encyclopedia of Issyk-Kul and Naryn Oblasts] (in Russian). Bishkek: Chief Editorial Board of Kyrgyz Soviet Encyclopedia. 1994. p. 512. ISBN 5-89750-009-6.
- "Information Sheet on Ramsar Wetlands" (PDF). Retrieved October 30, 2012.[permanent dead link]
- "Чатыркөл" [Chatyrköl] (PDF). Кыргызстандын Географиясы [Geography of Kyrgyzstan] (in Kyrgyz). Bishkek. 2004. p. 220.
- "Central Asia Guide". Central Asia Guide. Archived from the original on 2021-06-04.
- "Karatal-Japyryk Nature Reserve". Specially Protected Areas and Biodiversity of Kyrgyzstan (in Russian). Retrieved 12 January 2022.
- "Chatyrkul". protected planet.
- "Чатыркөл заказниги" [Chatyr-Köl Reserve] (PDF). Кыргызстандын Географиясы [Geography of Kyrgyzstan] (in Kyrgyz). Bishkek. 2004. p. 311.
Lakes of Kyrgyzstan |
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Lakes portal |
Protected areas of Kyrgyzstan |
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Nature Reserves (IUCN Category I) |
- Besh-Aral
- Dashman
- Issyk-Kul
- Karatal-Japyryk
- Kulun-Ata
- Naryn
- Padysha-Ata
- Sary-Chelek
- Sarychat-Eertash
- Surmatash
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Nature Parks (IUCN Category II) |
- Ala-Archa
- Alatay
- Besh-Tash
- Chong-Kemin
- Kan-Achuu
- Kara-Buura
- Kara-Shoro
- Karakol
- Khan-Tengiri
- Kyrgyz-Ata
- Saymaluu-Tash
- Salkyn-Tör
- Sarkent
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Nature Monuments (IUCN Category III) |
- Abshir-Ata Waterfall
- Ajydaar-Üngkür
- Ala-Myshyk Cave
- At-Bashy Canyon
- Barskoon Waterfall
- Big Gates Cave (Barite Cave)
- Chil-Mayram Cave (Beshüngkür)
- Chil-Ustun
- Dangi Canyon
- Jeti-Ögüz Rocks
- Jiydeli Cave
- Kan-i-Gut Cave
- Kara-Jygach Rocks
- Kögüchkön-Sugat Waterfall
- Kök-Jerty Canyon
- Sogon-Tash Cave
- Tegerek Waterfall
- Ysyk-Ata Waterfall
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Integrated Reserves (IUCN Category IV) | |
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Botanical Reserves (IUCN Category IV) |
- Almaly (Yablonevoye)
- Aydarken (Khaydarken)
- Aygül-Tash
- Baydamtal
- Chanach (Kanysh)
- Chatkal
- Chong-Aryk
- Chong-Kuurchak
- Chyrandy
- Janggakty
- Jel-Tiybes
- Kosh-Tektir
- Kyrgyz-Ata
- Kyrgyz-Gava
- Maymak
- Ming-Kush
- Oy-Kayyng
- Ryazan-Say
- Sary-Mogol
- Shilbili-Say
- Sülüktü
- Suusamyr
- Tüp
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Game Reserves (IUCN Category IV) |
- Ak-Buura
- Chandalash
- Chatyr-Köl
- Chychkan
- Gülchö
- Jardy-Kayyngdy
- Jargylchak
- Jazy
- Jeti-Ögüz
- Keng-Suu
- Kochkor
- Teploklyuchenka
- Toguz-Toro
- Tüp
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Forest Reserves (IUCN Category IV) |
- Baltyr-Khan
- Bülölü
- Iyri-Suu
- Jylgyndy
- Kayyngdy
- Kichi Ak-Suu
- Kuru-Köl
- Miskin-Say
- Uzun-Akmat
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На других языках
[de] Tschatyrköl
Der Tschatyrköl (kirgisisch Чатыркөл) ist ein abflussloser See im zentralasiatischen Hochland im Süden von Kirgisistan.
- [en] Chatyr-Köl
[fr] Tchatyr-Koul
Tchatyr-Koul (ou Chatyr Köl, Chatyrkol, Kirghize: Чатыркөл) est un lac endoréique des Montagnes célestes dans le District d'At-Bachy, au Kirghizistan; il occupe le point bas de la dépression de Tchatyr-Koul, près de la frontière chinoise au col de Torougart. Son nom signifie « Lac céleste » en kirghize (litt. « lac toit »). Le lac et une zone protégée de 2 km alentour font partie de la Réserve naturelle de Karatal-Japyryk. Le lac est désigné site Ramsar depuis le 8 novembre 2005[1].
[it] Čatyr-Köl
Il Čatyr-Köl (in chirghiso: Чатыркөл) è un lago alpino endoreico nella catena del Tien Shan, sito nel Kirghizistan meridionale.
[ru] Чатыр-Кёль
Чатыр-Кёль[1] (Чатыркёль[2][3]; кирг. Чатыр-Көл — «небесное озеро») — бессточное озеро в Центральном Тянь-Шане, Киргизия. Лежит в наиболее низкой части Чатыр-Кульской впадины рядом с Торугартским перевалом, ведущим в Китай. К югу от озера находится КПП «Торугарт-автодорожный».
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