Vishnu Temple is a 7,533-foot-elevation (2,296 meter) summit located in the Grand Canyon, in Coconino County of Arizona, US.[3]

Vishnu Temple
North aspect, from Angels Window Overlook
Highest point
Elevation	7,533 ft (2,296 m)[1]
Prominence	1,813 ft (553 m)[1]
Parent peak	Wotans Throne (7,740 ft)[2]
Isolation	1.77 mi (2.85 km)[2]
Coordinates	36°05′20″N 111°56′09″W[3]
Geography
Vishnu Temple Show map of Arizona Vishnu Temple Show map of the United States
Location	Grand Canyon Coconino County, Arizona, US
Parent range	Kaibab Plateau[1] Colorado Plateau
Topo map	USGS Cape Royal
Geology
Type of rock	Coconino Sandstone
Climbing
First ascent	1945
Easiest route	class 4 climbing[2]

Description

Vishnu Temple is situated two miles south-southeast of the Cape Royal overlook on the canyon's North Rim, 1.5 mile south of Freya Castle, and two miles east-southeast of Wotans Throne, its nearest higher neighbor. It towers 4,900 feet (1,490 meters) above the Colorado River. According to the Köppen climate classification system, Vishnu Temple is located in a cold semi-arid climate zone.[4] According to explorer Frederick Samuel Dellenbaugh, Vishnu Temple is "without doubt the most stupendous mass of nature's carving in the known world."[5]

History

Vishnu Temple is named for Vishnu, the Hindu deity, redeemer of the universe. This toponym was applied in 1880 by Clarence Dutton who thought this mountain resembled an oriental pagoda, when he began the tradition of naming geographical features in the Grand Canyon after mythological deities.[6][7] This geographical feature's name was officially adopted in 1906 by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.[3] The first ascent of the summit was made by Merrel Clubb and his son on July 13, 1945.[8]

Geology

The summit of Vishnu Temple is composed of cream-colored, cliff-forming, Permian Coconino Sandstone with a Kaibab Limestone cupola caprock.[9] The sandstone, which is the third-youngest of the strata in the Grand Canyon, was deposited 265 million years ago as sand dunes. Below the Coconino Sandstone is slope-forming, Permian Hermit Formation, which in turn overlays the Pennsylvanian-Permian Supai Group. Further down are strata of Mississippian Redwall Limestone, Cambrian Tonto Group, and finally Proterozoic Unkar Group at creek level.[10] Precipitation runoff from Vishnu Temple drains south into the Colorado River via Vishnu Creek on its west side, and Unkar Creek on the east side.

Gallery

See also

• Geology of the Grand Canyon area
• Rama Shrine

References

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vishnu Temple, Grand Canyon.

• Weather forecast: National Weather Service
• Weather: Vishnu Temple
• Vishnu Temple aerial video: National Park Service

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