geo.wikisort.org - Mountains

Ile Alatau (Kazakh: Ile Alatauy, Іле Алатауы), also spelt as Trans-Ili Alatau, is a part of the Northern Tian Shan mountain system (ancient Mount Imeon) in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan. It is the northernmost mountain range of Tian Shan stretching for about 350 km (220 mi) with a maximal elevation of 4,973 m (16,316 ft) (Talgar Peak). The term "Alatau" refers to a kind of mountain. The range is bounded from the north by the Ili Depression of the Ili River, hence the name.

Ile Alatau
Ile Alatau as seen from Almaty International Airport
Highest point
Peak	Talgar Peak
Elevation	4,973 m (16,316 ft)
Dimensions
Length	350 km (220 mi) E-W
Naming
Native name	Ile Alatauy (Kazakh)
Geography
Countries	Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan
Range coordinates	43°03′N 77°15′E

The former capital of Kazakhstan, Almaty, is located at the foot of the range. The Ile-Alatau National Park is a protected area in the Ile Alatau.

Topography

The Zailiisky Alatau Range is one of the northernmost arcs of the Tien Shan mountain system. It is located at 43°N, within 75-78°E, partly in Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and China. The range begins in the west within the Chu River and extends 280 km eastward to the Chilik River. To the north of the axial ridge slopes gently down to the Chu-Ili Range and the Balkhash-Alakol Basin with the lower Ili River, in the south the ridge is separated from the Kungei Alatau by longitudinal intermountain valleys of two rivers - Chilik and Chonkemin. In the area of their sources, the ranges are connected through the Chilico-Kemin mountain junction. The prevailing altitudes - 4000–4600 m, the highest point - Talgar peak (4973–4979 m). On the northern slope is the Gorodetsky Glacier. The highest part of the Trans-Ili Alatau in the vicinity of Talgar Peak between the sources of the Talgar River, the upper Chilik River and the Chiliko-Kemin mountain junction is called the Talgar massif.[1]

Fauna

In the nature conservation part of the Zailiyskiy Alatau, which is part of the Almaty nature reserve, there are: lynx, maral, roe deer, badger, hare and stone marten. The mountainous area is inhabited by black grouse, golden eagles, bearded vultures, mountain and bearded partridges, Himalayan snowcocks, juniper dubonos, blue birds, woodpeckers and nutcrackers.[2]

Climate

Trans-Ili Alatau has the features of a high-altitude, continental climate. The position of the ridge in the center of Eurasia and relatively close range to the equator has contributed to an increase in heat, decrease in moisture and creation of its own microclimate in Trans-Ili Alatau.[3]

Glaciation

In total, as of 2008, there are 441 glaciers with a total area of 171 km² and a volume of 6.9 km³. There are almost all morphological types of glaciers. The largest is the complex valley Korzhenevsky glacier, its area is 38 km². The glaciers are quite severely frozen.

One of the reference glaciers of the World Glacier Monitoring Service - Central Tuyuksu (Tuyuksu) - is located in Zailiisky Alatau. The Tuyuksu glacier (3.3 km²) has the longest mass-balance line in the territory of the former USSR. The thermal balance of the glacier and its velocities (20-50, up to 90 m/year) are also monitored.

Glaciation of the ridge, following the trend of the entire northern hemisphere, has been decreasing since the end of the Fernau stage (mid XIX century) to the present. Degradation rates have increased since the late 1950s, with glaciation decreasing by 41% over the past 60 years.[4]

Peak Robeson

A mountain summit in the western Tian Shan and Ile Ala-Tau mountains is named after the late African-American entertainer and activist, Paul Robeson who advocated the U.S.-Soviet friendship.[5]

Footnotes

External links

• Ile and Kungey Alatau (in Russian)
• Peaks of Trans-Ili Alatau

На других языках

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[de] Transili-Alatau

Der Transili-Alatau (kasachisch Іле Алатауы; kirgisisch Иле алатоо; russisch Заилийский Алатау (Sailijski Alatau); Alatau = „buntes Gebirge“, lat. trans = jenseits/hinter; also „Buntes Gebirge hinter dem Fluss Ili“) ist ein bis 4978,9 m[1] hohes Hochgebirge in Kasachstan und Kirgisistan (Zentralasien).

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- [en] Trans-Ili Alatau

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[fr] Trans-Ili Alataou

Les monts Trans-Ili ou Trans-Ili Alataou (en kazakh : Іле Алатауы, en russe : Заилийский Алатау, Zailiysky Alataou ; « Alataou » signifie « monts colorés ») sont une chaîne montagneuse du Kazakhstan passant à 20 km au sud d'Almaty, ancienne capitale du Kazakhstan.

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[it] Trans-Ili Alatau

Il Trans-Ili Alatau, altresì chiamato Zailijski Alatau, è la parte più settentrionale della catena del Tian Shan e si estende per circa 350 km con il picco massimo di 4,973 m (Pik Talgar). Il toponimo deriva dal fiume Ili, la cui depressione cinge la catena a settentrione.

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[ru] Заилийский Алатау

Заили́йский Алата́у (каз. Іле Алатауы, кирг. Иле Ала-Тоосу) — горный хребет на северо-западе Тянь-Шаня (на границе Казахстана и Киргизии). В северных предгорьях расположен город-миллионник Алма-Ата — бывшая столица Казахстана[1]. Здесь же находятся знаменитый спортивный комплекс Медео, обсерватория Ассы-Тургень и высокогорная горнолыжная база Чимбулак. Современное название «Заилийский Алатау» было принято в 1865 году, когда известный путешественник и географ П. П. Семёнов остановился у переправы через реку Или и увидел грандиозный хребет, который простирался за рекой.

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