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The Sikhote-Alin (Russian: Сихотэ́-Али́нь, Russian pronunciation: [sʲɪxɐˈtɛ ɐˈlʲinʲ], English: /ˈsiːkəˌteɪ əˈliːn/, SEE-kə-TAY ə-LEEN) is a mountain range in Primorsky and Khabarovsk Krais, Russia, extending about 900 kilometres (560 mi) to the northeast of the Russian Pacific seaport of Vladivostok. The highest summits are Tordoki Yani at 2,077 metres (6,814 ft) above sea level, Ko Mountain (2,003 metres (6,572 ft)) in Khabarovsk Krai and Anik Mountain (1,933 metres (6,342 ft)) in Primorsky Krai.

Sikhote-Alin
Sikhote-Alin is the home to the Amur tiger, which is amongst the largest felines in the world[1]
Highest point
PeakTordoki Yani, Russia
Elevation2,090 m (6,860 ft)
Coordinates45°20′N 136°10′E
Geography
Sikhote-Alin
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Official nameCentral Sikhote-Alin
TypeNatural
Criteriax
Designated2001 (25th session)
Reference no.766
RegionEurope and Asia

Geography


Sikhote-Alin is a temperate zone, though species typical of northern taiga (such as reindeer and the Ussuri brown bear) coexist with the Amur tiger, Amur leopard, and Asiatic black bear. The region holds very few wolves, due to competition with tigers.[2] The longest-lived tree in the region is a millennium-old Japanese yew.[3]

Many tributaries of the Amur River lie within the range, including the Gur.[4]

The core zone can only be explored in a company of rangers.


History


The name is thought to be of Manchu origin (Manchu: alin "mountain").

In the 1910s and 1920s, Sikhote-Alin was extensively explored by Russian geographer and naturalist Vladimir Arsenyev (1872–1930), who described his adventures in several books, notably Dersu Uzala (1923), which in 1975 was turned into an Oscar-winning film by Akira Kurosawa. Largely due to his exploration and advocacy, the large Sikhote-Alin and Lazo wildlife refuges were set up in 1935 to preserve the region's unusual wildlife.

On February 12, 1947, one of the largest meteor showers in recent history occurred in the mountains range. The Sikhote-Alin meteorite exploded in the atmosphere as it fell, raining many tons of metal on an elliptical region about 1.3 square kilometres (0.50 sq mi) in area. Craters were formed by the meteors; the largest was 26 metres (85 ft) in diameter.

In 2001, UNESCO placed "Central Sikhote-Alin" onto the World Heritage List, citing its importance for "the survival of endangered species such as the scaly-sided (Chinese) merganser, Blakiston's fish-owl and the Amur tiger". The World Heritage site had a total area of 16,319 square kilometres (4,033,000 acres), of which the terrestrial core zone of Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik comprised 3,985 square kilometres (985,000 acres).[5] In 2018, the World heritage site was expanded by 11,605 square kilometres (2,868,000 acres) by including Bikin National Park under the name "Bikin River Valley".[6]


References


  1. Slaght, J. C., D. G. Miquelle, I. G. Nikolaev, J. M. Goodrich, E. N. Smirnov, K. Traylor-Holzer, S. Christie, T. Arjanova, J. L. D. Smith, Karanth, K. U. (2005) Chapter 6. Who's king of the beasts? Historical and recent body weights of wild and captive Amur tigers, with comparisons to other subspecies. Pages 25–35 in: Miquelle, D.G., Smirnov, E.N., Goodrich, J.M. (Eds.) Tigers in Sikhote-Alin Zapovednik: Ecology and Conservation. PSP, Vladivostok, Russia (in Russian)
  2. "Tigers and Wolves in the Russian Far East: Competitive Exclusion, Functional Redundancy, and Conservation Implications". savethetigerfund.org. Archived from the original on 2007-10-30. Retrieved 2008-07-09.
  3. "Сервер Правительства Хабаровского края - Туризм и отдых - Достопримечательности края - Туристические комплексы - Памятник природы "Сихотэ - Алинь". Центр реабилитации диких животных "УТЕС"". Archived from the original on 2007-09-29. Retrieved 2007-09-29. Nature Monument "Sikhote - Alin". Center for Wildlife Rehabilitation "UTES" (in Russian)
  4. Water of Russia - Гур
  5. "Central Sikhote-Alin - Russian Federation" (PDF).[permanent dead link] United Nations Environment Programme
  6. "Bikin River Valley". UNESCO. Retrieved 3 July 2018.


Wikimedia Commons has media related to Sikhote-Alin.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Sikhote-Alin.

На других языках

[de] Sichote-Alin

Der Sichote-Alin (russisch Сихотэ-Алинь, aus dem Mandschurischen über das Chinesische; in China bis heute oft Inneres Hinggan-Gebirge (chinesisch .mw-parser-output .Hans{font-size:110%}内兴安岭, Pinyin Nèi Xīng’ān Lǐng) genannt; deutsch auch Sichote-Alin-Gebirge) ist ein Hochgebirge im Fernen Osten Russlands. Zwei seiner Gipfel sind höher als 2000 Meter: der Tordoki-Jani mit 2077 m und der Ko mit 2003 m. Teile der Region gehören seit 2001 zum UNESCO-Weltnaturerbe. Im Jahr 2018 wurde das UNESCO-Weltnaturerbegebiet Sichote-Alin durch Hinzufügung des Bikin-Tales im Norden um das Dreifache erweitert.[1]
- [en] Sikhote-Alin

[es] Sijoté-Alín

Sijoté-Alín (en ruso: Сихотэ-Алинь) es una cordillera en el krai de Primorie y el krai de Jabárovsk, Rusia, que se extiende aproximadamente por 900 km hacia el noreste desde el puerto ruso en el Pacífico de Vladivostok. La mayor elevación corresponde al Monte Anik (1.933 m s. n. m.).

[fr] Sikhote-Aline

Le Sikhote-Aline (en russe : Сихотэ-Алинь, ISO 9 : Sihotè-Alin') est une cordillère dans les kraïs du Primorié et de Khabarovsk, en Sibérie, s'étendant sur 900 km au nord-est de Vladivostok. Les sommets les plus élevés sont les monts Tordoki Iani (2 077 m) et Ko (2 003 m) dans le kraï de Khabarovsk et le mont Anik (1 933 m) dans le kraï du Primorié.

[it] Sichotė-Alin'

I monti Sichotė-Alin' (anche traslitterati come Sihotė-Alin' o Sikhotė-Alin'; in russo: Сихотэ-Алинь?) sono una catena montuosa della Russia, nell'Estremo Oriente; sono compresi amministrativamente nei due territori del Litorale e di Chabarovsk.

[ru] Сихотэ-Алинь

Сихотэ́-Али́нь[1] — горная область на Дальнем Востоке России, на территории Хабаровского и Приморского краёв. Представляет собой вулканическое поле области мезозойской складчатости Тихоокеанского пояса, являющееся водоразделом рек бассейна Амура на западе, и рек Японского моря и Татарского пролива на востоке. Горы простираются от южного Приморья (район г. Находки) до устья Амура на севере Хабаровского края (г. Николаевск-на-Амуре).


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