geo.wikisort.org - Mountains

The Qilian Mountains (simplified Chinese: 祁连山; traditional Chinese: 祁連山; pinyin: Qílián Shān; Wade–Giles: Ch'i²-lien² Shan¹, also romanized as Tsilien; Mongghul: Chileb), together with the Altyn-Tagh (Altun Shan) also known as Nan Shan (Chinese: 南山, literally "Southern Mountains"), as it is to the south of Hexi Corridor, is a northern outlier of the Kunlun Mountains, forming the border between Qinghai and the Gansu provinces of northern China.[1]

Qilian Mountains
祁連山
Qilian Mountains in Qilian County, Qinghai
Highest point
Peak	Kangze'gyai
Elevation	5,808 m (19,055 ft)
Geography
Location	Gansu and Qinghai provinces, China

Geography

The range stretches from the south of Dunhuang some 800 km to the southeast, forming the northeastern escarpment of the Tibetan Plateau and the southwestern border of the Hexi Corridor.

The eponymous Qilian Shan peak, situated some 60 km south of Jiuquan, at 39°12′N 98°32′E, rises to 5,547 m. It is the highest peak of the main range, but there are two higher peaks further south, Kangze'gyai at 38°30′N 97°43′E with 5,808 m and Qaidam Shan peak at 38°2′N 95°19′E with 5,759 m. Other major peaks include Gangshiqia Peak in the east.

The Nan-Shan range continues to the west as Yema Shan (5,250 m) and Altun Shan (Altyn Tagh) (5,798 m). To the east, it passes north of Qinghai Lake, terminating as Daban Shan and Xinglong Shan near Lanzhou, with Maoma Shan peak (4,070 m) an eastern outlier. Sections of the Ming Dynasty's Great Wall pass along its northern slopes, and south of northern outlier Longshou Shan (3,616 m).

The Qilian mountains are the source of numerous, mostly small, rivers and creeks that flow northeast, enabling irrigated agriculture in the Hexi Corridor (Gansu Corridor) communities, and eventually disappearing in the Alashan Desert. The best known of these streams is the Ejin (Heihe) River. The region has many glaciers, the largest of which is the Touming Mengke.[2] These glaciers have undergone acceleration in their melting in recent decades.[3]

The characteristic ecosystem of the Qilian Mountains has been described by the World Wildlife Fund as the Qilian Mountains conifer forests.[4]

Biandukou (扁都口), with an altitude of over 3500 m, is a pass in the Qilian Mountains. It links Minle County of Gansu in the north and Qilian County of Qinghai in the south.[5]

History

The Shiji mentions the name "Qilian mountains" together with Dunhuang in relation to the homeland of the Yuezhi.[6] These Qilian Mountains however, has been suggested to be the mountains now known as Tian Shan, 1,500 km to the west.[7] Dunhuang has also been argued to be the Dunhong mountain.[8] Qilian (祁连) is said to be a Xiongnu word meaning "sky" (Chinese: 天) according to Yan Shigu, a Tang Dynasty commentator on the Hanshu.[9] Sanping Chen (1998) suggested that 天 tiān, 昊天 hàotiān, 祁連 qílián, and 赫連 Hèlián were all cognates and descended from multisyllabic Proto-Sinitic *gh?klien.[10] Schessler (2014) objects to Yan Shigu's statement that 祁連 was a Xiongnu word; he reconstructs 祁連's pronunciation in around 121 BCE as *gɨ-lian, apparently the same etymon as 乾 (☰) the Trigram for "Heaven", in standard Chinese qián < Middle Chinese QYS *gjän < Eastern Han Chinese gɨan < Old Chinese *gran, which Schuessler etymologizes as from Proto-Sino-Tibetan and related to Proto-Tibeto-Burman *m-ka-n, cognate with Written Tibetan མཁའ (Wylie transliteration: mkha') “heaven”.[11][12]

The Tuyuhun were based around the Qilian mountains.

The mountain range was formerly known in European languages as Richthofen Range after Ferdinand von Richthofen, who was the Red Baron's explorer-geologist uncle.[13]

The mountain range gives its name to Qinghai's Qilian County.

References

External links

• Winchester, Simon. (2008). The Man Who Loved China: the Fantastic Story of the Eccentric Scientist Who Unlocked the Mysteries of the Middle Kingdom. New York: Harper. ISBN 978-0-06-088459-8
• Media related to Qilian Mountains at Wikimedia Commons
• peakbagger.com
• Climatological Information (Reference) for Qilian Shan

На других языках

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[de] Qilian Shan

Qilian Shan (chinesisch .mw-parser-output .Hant{font-size:110%}祁連山 / .mw-parser-output .Hans{font-size:110%}祁连山, Pinyin Qílián Shān) ist ein bis 5826,8 m[1] hohes Hochgebirge in den Provinzen Gansu und Qinghai im Westen der Volksrepublik China beziehungsweise in Hochasien.

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- [en] Qilian Mountains

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[es] Montañas Qilian

Las montañas, o cordillera, Qilián (en chino, 祁连山; pinyin, Qílián Shān), también conocidas como montañas Nán o Nan Shan (en chino, 南山; literalmente, ‘montañas del sur’) son una cadena montañosa localizada en la parte norte de China, parte de una cadena montañosa más grande, la cordillera Kunlun que, a su vez, forman la cordillera nororiental de la meseta Tibetana. Es la frontera entre las provincias de Qinghai y de Gansu, una línea divisoria geográfica entre el sur y el norte de China.[1]

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[fr] Monts Qilian

Les monts Qilian (chinois simplifié : 祁连山 ; chinois traditionnel : 祁連山 ; pinyin : qílián shān ; monguor : Chileb), anciennement monts Richthofen du nom d'un géographe allemand, sont une chaîne de montagnes de la cordillère du Kunlun, située au Nord-Est de la province chinoise du Qinghai et bordant le Sud-Ouest de province du Gansu.

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[it] Qilian Shan

I monti Qilian, in cinese 祁連山山: (pinyin) Qilian Shan o (romanizzazione Wade-Giles) Ch'i-lien Shan, noti anche come Nan Shan, sono un'impervia catena montuosa situata al confine tra le province di Qinghai e Gansu (Cina centro-occidentale).[1]

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[ru] Циляньшань

Циляньша́нь (кит. упр. 祁连山, пиньинь Qílián shān) или Шулянаньшань[2], также хребе́т Рихтго́фена[3] — горный хребет в Китае, северная ветвь горной системы Наньшань.

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