geo.wikisort.org - Island

Sado Island (Japanese：佐渡島／さどがしま Sadogashima ) is an island located in the eastern part of the Sea of Japan, under the jurisdiction of Sado City, Niigata Prefecture, Japan, with a coastline of 262.7 kilometres (163.2 mi). In October 2017, Sado Island had a population of 55,212 people. Sado Island covers an area of 854.76 km² (330.02 sq mi), and is the second largest island after Okinawa Island outside of the four main islands of Japan, excluding the disputed Southern Kurils.[1] The shortest distance between Sado Island and Honshu is 32 km (20 mi).[2] The highest peak on Sado Island is Mount Kinpoku, with an elevation of 1,172 m (3,845 ft).[3]

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Japanese. (February 2022) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the Japanese article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Consider adding a topic to this template: there are already 3,163 articles in the main category, and specifying|topic= will aid in categorization. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing Japanese Wikipedia article at [[:ja:佐渡島]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|ja|佐渡島}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

Sado Island

Native name: 佐渡島
Geography
Location	Japanese Archipelago
Coordinates	38°04′03″N 138°23′51″E
Area	854.76[1] km2 (330.02 sq mi)
Highest elevation	1,172 m (3845 ft)
Highest point	Mount Kinpoku [ja]
Administration
Sado, Niigata,  Japan

Geography

The shape of Sado Island resembles the word ‘work’ (工) in Japanese or the letter ‘S’. The topography of the island can be roughly divided into three parts, the Ōsado range in the north, the Kosado range in the south, and the Kakakura plain with flat terrain in between. The Ōsado range area is higher in altitude, and the highest peak of Sado Island, Mount Kinpoku (1,172 m (3,845 ft) above sea level), is also located in this area. The coastline on the north side of Mount Sado is steep, and is a famous tourist spot, among which the Senkaku Bay is the most famous.[4] The Kosado range has a relatively flatter terrain with Satsuma orange and tea trees growing there. Its highest peak is Mount Ōjiyama, with an elevation of 646 m (2,119 ft).[5] The Nakakura Plain is a large plain in Japan's outlying islands and is also the agricultural area of Sado Island. On the west side of the Kuninaka Plain is Mano Bay, and on the east side is Ryōtsu Bay. The Kokufugawa River (also reads Konogawa River) flows through the Kuninaka Plain, with a total length of 19 km (12 mi), and flows into Mano Bay. Its watershed area accounts for 20% of Sado Island.[6] Lake Kamo, the largest lake in Niigata Prefecture, is located at the eastern end of the Kuninaka Plain. Lake Kamo was originally a freshwater lake, and later turned into a lagoon after an opening built to the Sea of Japan. Oyster breeding flourishes in the lake.[7] Part of Sado Island belongs to the Sado-Yahiko-Yoneyama Quasi-National Park.[8]

• 
  Futatsugame Tombolo
• 
  Onogame
• 
  Kotoura Cave (Ryuodo Cave) in Ogi Coast
• 
  Senkaku Bay (Senkakuwan)
• 
  Nanaura Coast

Weather and Climate

Affected by the warm Black Current that passes through the Sado waters, the winter in Sado Island is warmer than that in Niigata Prefecture and with less snow. In summer, due to the influence of ocean, the temperature difference between day and night is smaller than that of Niigata Prefecture, and is cooler than that of Niigata Prefecture. However, the Aikawa area on the northwestern side of the Ōsado range are affected by the monsoon blowing from the northwest and the temperature is higher. Precipitation on Sado Island is mainly concentrated in the end of the East Asian rainy season and early winter, and there is less precipitation than in Niigata Prefecture. When the low air pressure and typhoons pass through the Sea of Japan, Sado Island often suffers from Foehn wind, raising the temperature sharply. Located at the junction of the warm and cold current, Sado City enjoys diverse plants and rich aquatic resources.

History

With a long history, Sado Island has been inhabited by humans since 10,000 years ago. Thousands of ruins discovered in the Kanai area includes stoneware and hunting equipment from the late Yayoi period. There are also records of Sado in the Kojiki and Nihongi. After the Taika Reform, the central government established the Sado Province on the island, and the local population began to emigrate to Sado Island. At the same time, Sado Island has also become the place where losers of political conflicts or dissidents were exiled. Emperor Juntoku, Nichiren and other people had been exiled to Sado. After the Kamakura period, the Honma clan was appointed as the Shugodai. After 1589 ( Tenshō 17), Uesugi Kagekatsu invaded Sado Island, after which Sado Island was dominated by the Uesugi clan.

In 1601, the miners discovered the gold and silver veins in the Aikawa Tsuruko Ginzan, which is the Sado Mine, for which the status of Sado Island made a great leap. In 1603 (Keichō 8), Tokugawa Ieyasu classified Sado Island as a territory of Bakufu immediately after the victory of the Battle of Sekigahara. Since then, Sado Mine has developed into the largest gold mine in Japan, and the gold output reached 41 tons by Bakumatsu, and played an important role in the finance of the Shogunate. After the middle of the Edo period, the exploitation quantity began to decrease. However, the output returned to the highest level ever of 400 kg per year thanks to the introduction of advanced excavation technology in the Meiji era. In 1989, Sado Gold Mine closed. In nearly 400 years of mining history, it has produced 78 tons of gold and 2,300 tons of silver.

After the Abolition of the han system, the Japanese government established Sado Prefecture on Sado Island (later renamed as Aikawa Prefecture). In 1876, Aikawa Prefecture was incorporated into Niigata Prefecture. In 2004, 10 cities, towns and villages on Sado Island merged into Sado City.

Population

In 1960, Sado Island had a population of 113,296. Due to the inconvenience of living on the outlying islands and lack of jobs, Sado Island has been experiencing a long-term population decline. In October 2017, the population of Sado Island was 55,212. The total fertility rate of Sado Island is about 1.9, which is much higher than the average of Japan and Niigata Prefecture. However, the continuous outflow of population results in the persistent decrease of population.

Culture

Since Sado Island is an important trading base on the Nishimawari naval route from the coast of the Japan Sea to Osaka, the culture is strongly influenced by West Japanese culture like Kinki and Hokuriku. Also, intellectuals and politicians exiled from Kyoto to Sado brought the traditional performance culture of Kyoto, thus the traditional art of Sado Island began to thrive. The Noh Master Zeami Motokiyo was exiled to Sado, resulting in the particular development of Noh culture in Sado. In the Edo period, there were more than 200 Noh stages. Sado still has more than 30 Noh stages, and the number of Noh stages per capita ranks first in Japan. There are also local performing arts such as ‘Ghost Taiko’ on Sado Island.

Sado is also home to the Kodō taiko drumming troupe.[17] Kodō are credited with popularizing modern taiko drumming both in Japan and worldwide. Kodō Village is based in the Ogi subdivision.

Transportation

See also

• Sado, Niigata (municipality)

References

Notes

External links

• Sado Tourism Association (in English)
• Sado Geopark (in English)
• Sado Steam Ship (in English)

На других языках

---

[de] Sado (Insel)

Sado (japanisch 佐渡島, Sado-ga-shima oder Sado-shima) ist eine japanische Insel, der Westküste Honshūs vorgelagert.

---

- [en] Sado Island

---

[es] Isla Sado

La isla Sado (en japonés, 佐渡島 - 佐渡ヶ島) es una pequeña isla costera de Japón que se encuentra en aguas del mar de Japón frente a la costa occidental de la gran isla de Honshū, de la que la separa el estrecho de Sado. Administrativamente pertenece a la región de Chubu de la prefectura de Niigata. Desde 2004 la ciudad ha compuesto también toda la isla, aunque no todos los 855,26 km² de su área total están urbanizados. Sado, por superficie, es la sexta isla más grande del país después de la isla de Okinawa, y excluyendo los territorios del Norte.

---

[fr] Sadoga-shima

Sadoga-shima (japonais : 佐渡島) est une île de la préfecture de Niigata, au Japon. Ell appartient à la ville de Sado. C'est la plus grande île de la mer du Japon.

---

[it] Isola di Sado

Sado (佐渡島／さどがしま Sadogashima) è un'isola giapponese situata nella regione di Chūbu e precisamente ad ovest della prefettura di Niigata. Per dimensioni è la sesta isola dell'arcipelago giapponese.

---

[ru] Садо (остров)

Садо (яп. 佐渡島 Садогасима, «садосский остров») — остров в восточной части Японского моря. Принадлежит префектуре Ниигата, Япония. Является восьмым по величине японским островом.

---

---