geo.wikisort.org - River

The Shanay-Timpishka, also known as La Bomba, is a tributary of the Amazon River, called the "only boiling river in the world".[1][2] It is 6.4 km (4.0 mi) long. It is known for the very high temperature of its waters—from 45 °C (113 °F) to nearly 100 °C (212 °F). The name means 'boiled by the heat of the sun', though the source of the heat is actually geothermal.

Shanay-Timpishka
Location
Countries	Peru
Physical characteristics
Length	6.4 kilometres (4.0 mi)
Width
• maximum	82 feet (25 m)
Depth
• maximum	20 feet (6.1 m)
Basin features
River system	Amazon River

Location and mythology

The river is located in the Mayantuyacu sanctuary, part of the Huánuco high forest. The area is inhabited by an Asháninka community.[2] Local shamans believe that the boiling water is birthed by Yacumama, a giant serpent spirit known as the "Mother of the Waters."[3]

Scientific explanation

Andrés Ruzo, a geothermal scientist, has investigated the source of the heat. He initially learned of it as a child from his grandfather.[4] The river maintains its high temperature despite not being near any known active volcanoes or geothermal vents, which normally provide geothermal heating for groundwater.[5] Despite its unique nature, National Geographic has described it as an entirely natural feature: a non-volcanic, geothermal feature flowing at anomalously high rates.[6] The predominant theory for the source of this heat is from the geothermal gradient of the Earth. Being closer to the Earth's mantle, underground water tends to be of a higher temperature than surface water. The theory is that rainwater falls onto the surface of the Amazon Rainforest and finds deep-rooted faults where it travels down into the crust. The water is thus heated in accordance with the geothermal gradient. It is then likely fed to the surface of the Earth through fault-fed hot springs that act to heat up the river along its stretch.[3]

Threats

The Shanay-Timpishka faces threats from deforestation. According to National Geographic, it is in fact the local native population which carries out most of the deforestation around the area. Up to ninety-nine percent of deforestation around the Boiling River being caused by locals selling the larger and more expensive trees, then clear-burning the rest. A local oil and gas company called Maple Energy has in fact taken to protecting some of the jungle around the area.[6][7]

References

На других языках

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[de] Shanay-timpishka

Der Shanay-timpishka (asháninka: „von der Sonne zum Kochen gebracht“), auch Mayantuyacu-Fluss genannt, ist ein 6,4 km langer Fluss in Peru mit einer Breite von bis zu 25 und einer Tiefe bis zu 5 m. Er wird als „kochender Fluss“ bezeichnet, da seine durchschnittliche Temperatur ca. 86 °C beträgt. Er mündet in den Río Pachitea.[1]

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- [en] Shanay-Timpishka

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[it] Shanay-timpishka

Il Shanay-timpishka ("bollito col calore del sole" in linguaggio locale) o fiume che bolle è un fiume peruviano d'acqua calda lungo 6,4 km. Noto anche col nome di "Boiling river", scorre all'interno della foresta amazzonica in prossimità del santuario di Mayantuyacu, nella provincia di Puerto Inca, in Perù.

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[ru] Шанай-Тимпишка

Шанай-Тимпишка (исп. Shanay-timpishka) — река в Перу, называемая «единственной кипящей рекой в мире»[1][2]. Левый приток реки Пачитеа. Известна высокими температурами — от 45 °C до почти 100 °C. Имя реки на языке племени ашанинка, живущего в окрестностях[2], означает «Разогретая жаром Солнца», и, согласно научным данным, первопричиной такой высокой температуры является линия разлома земной коры. Вода в реке нагревается из-под земли раскалённой расплавленной породой[3] при отсутствии вулканической активности[4]. Длина реки — 9 км[3].

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