geo.wikisort.org - River

The Samina (also: Saminabach) is a whitewater river of Liechtenstein and Austria. It is a tributary of the Ill.

Samina
Location
Countries	Liechtenstein and Austria
Physical characteristics
Source
• location	Brandnertal in Vorarlberg
Mouth
• location	Ill
• coordinates	47.2253°N 9.6270°E / 47.2253; 9.6270
Length	17 km (11 mi)
Basin features
Progression	Ill→ Rhine→ North Sea

The Samina originates in Liechtenstein. In the course of time, it formed the Saminatal [ceb; de] (Samina Valley), the most western valley of Rätikon and side valley of the Walgau [als; de; fr; nl]. The Saminatal makes up to one third of the territory of Liechtenstein. It has a length of approximately 17 km (11 mi) (Liechtenstein: 12 km (7.5 mi) (including its source rivulets, the 2nd longest river of the principality),[1] Austria: 5 km (3.1 mi)).

Source and course

The Samina comes into existence at Ölersegg (meeting point of Triesenberg, an exclave of Schaan (Brandegg) and an exclave of Balzers), where the rivers Stägerbach and Valorschbach merge. They flow from south to north through the eastern part of Liechtenstein, the Saminatal, and then cross the border to Austria. In the community aera of Frastanz the river merges with the Ill.

Use

The water is intensively used for electricity production as well as for drinking water supply for the communities of Liechtenstein. The Samina possesses A to B grade quality and sportsmen value the river for rafting.

Liechtenstein

In general the Saminatal is not very populated or exploited, therefore its wildlife is almost untouched. Many endangered animals and plants exist there.[2]

There is one hydro-electric power station at Samina, which from 2011 to 2015 was transformed into a pumped-storage power station.[3][4][5] The pump-storage reservoir has to always leave some water to the river, the amounts fixed by the Liechtenstein law for protection of water. There are measures taken to ensure the ecological conditions of the river.[5][6] Nonetheless there is critique from ecologists, that these amounts are by far not enough to protect the wildlife in the river.[7][8]

Austria

At the lower course the E-Werke Frastanz [de] run three power plants.[9]

The Austrian part of Samina is a popular destination for rafting.

In the middle part of the valley, around the border of Liechtenstein and Austria, there is the European Union nature protection area Spirkenwälder Saminatal.[10]

References

На других языках

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[de] Samina

Die Samina (oder Saminabach) ist ein Wildwasserfluss, der das Saminatal gebildet hat, das westlichste Tal im Rätikon und Nebental des Walgau. Das Saminatal nimmt mit seinen Nebentälern etwa ein Drittel der Landesfläche Liechtensteins ein, ist aber kaum besiedelt. Der Fluss hat eine Länge von zehn Kilometern, davon in Liechtenstein zwei Kilometer, im österreichischen Vorarlberg acht Kilometer. Mit den Quellflüssen Stägerbach (und dessen Quellflüssen Valünerbach und Malbunerbach) und Valorschbach ist die Samina nach dem Alpenrhein der zweitlängste Fluss des Fürstentums Liechtenstein.

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- [en] Samina (river)

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[it] Samina

Il Samina è un torrente che nasce presso il monte Naafkopf a 2570 m d'altezza nel Reticone al confine tra Austria, Svizzera e Liechtenstein, attraversa nel Liechtenstein il villaggio di Steg, frazione di Triesenberg, a metà del suo corso entra in Austria nel Vorarlberg e sfocia nell'Ill presso Feldkirch nell'abitato di Frastanz. La sua valle (Saminatal) è molto selvaggia e tranne Steg e Frastanz non attraversa nessun altro abitato.

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[ru] Замина

Замина (нем. Samina) — горная река, расположенная в Лихтенштейне и Австрии.

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