geo.wikisort.org - River

The Mopan River is a river in Central America spanning the Petén Department of Guatemala and the Cayo District of Belize. It merges with the Macal River at Branch Mouth, Belize, forming the Belize River, which ultimately discharges to the Caribbean Sea. The drainage area of the combined watershed is 9,434.2 km² (3,642.6 sq mi).[1] Tributaries of the Mopan include Chiquibul Branch, Ceiba Grande, Salisipuedes, and Delores.[1][2]

Mopan River
Mopan River at Bullet Tree Falls
Location
Countries	Guatemala and Belize
Physical characteristics
Source
• location	Guatemala
• coordinates	16.97021°N 89.21119°W / 16.97021; -89.21119
• elevation	850 m (2,790 ft)
Mouth
• location	Belize (affluent of Belize River)
• coordinates	17.17742°N 89.08082°W / 17.17742; -89.08082
• elevation	50 m (160 ft)

Hydrology

The Mopan River's rate of discharge has been measured regularly since 1981 at the river gauge station in Benque Viejo, Belize.[3] According to these measurements, the river's annual mean discharge varies between 20 and 40 m³/s.[1] The highest rate ever recorded was 404 m³/s in November 1990.[3]

Although the Mopan may contribute to downstream flooding during the rainy season, it responds much slower to rain storms than the other major tributary of the Belize River, the Macal.[3] Both rivers yield similar volumes on average, but the Mopan watershed is less mountainous than the Macal watershed, giving it less intense flood waves.[3]

Pollution

The combined Mopan River/Belize River watershed contains 11% of the population of the Peten District in Guatemala and 45% of the population of Belize.[4] These populations depend on the river for drinking water and other domestic uses; however, water quality is degraded from sediment, nutrient loading, untreated sewage discharge, pesticides and other toxins. The major source of degradation is the extensive deforestation in the upper reaches and non-sustainable agriculture. Karper and Boles have asserted:[4] "The greater Mopan/Belize River Catchment provides a prime example of a watershed under stress from extensive non-sustainable agricultural practices that have occurred within the region over the past three decades." Slash-and-burn agricultural practices by native peoples are contributing to such watershed degradation.

Maya sites

Several important Maya archaeological sites are situated along the Mopan River. From upriver to downriver, these include Ucanal, Arenal, Xunantunich, Actuncan, and Buenavista del Cayo. Several of these sites and associated settlement areas have been studied as part of the Mopan Valley Archaeology Project. Archaeological surveys have identified the remains of several hundred ancient structures in these areas, with the highest density occurring in the area near Xunantunich.[5]

Recreation

Popular activities on the Mopan River include kayaking and river tubing.[6]

References

External links

• Media related to Mopan River at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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[de] Mopan (Fluss)

Der Mopan ist ein Fluss in Mittelamerika, der in Guatemala Río Mopan und in Belize Mopan River heißt. Die belizische Hauptstadt Belmopan ist nach dem Fluss benannt.

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- [en] Mopan River

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[it] Rio Mopan

Il Mopan (in inglese Mopan River; in spagnolo río Mopán) è un affluente del fiume Macal, che a sua volta è un affluente del fiume Belize. La sua lunghezza complessiva è di circa 50 km. L'intero corso del Rio Mopan si trova nel Belize, nel distretto di Cayo; scorre in prossimità del confine con il Guatemala.

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[ru] Мопан

Мопан (Западный Белиз, исп. Río Mopan, англ. Mopan River) — река в Гватемале и в Белизе.

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