geo.wikisort.org - River

The Boise River is a 102-mile-long (164 km)[2] tributary of the Snake River in the Northwestern United States. It drains a rugged portion of the Sawtooth Range in southwestern Idaho northeast of Boise, as well as part of the western Snake River Plain. The watershed encompasses approximately 4,100 square miles (11,000 km²) of highly diverse habitats, including alpine canyons, forest, rangeland, agricultural lands, and urban areas.

Boise River
Floating on the river through Boise in 2004
The Boise River watershed
Location
Country	United States
State	Idaho
Physical characteristics
Source	Sawtooth Range
• location	Idaho
• coordinates	43°42′48″N 115°38′9″W[1]
• elevation	3,497 ft (1,066 m)
Mouth	Snake River
• location	Idaho
• coordinates	43°49′15″N 117°1′34″W[1]
• elevation	2,100 ft (640 m)
Length	102 mi (164 km)[2]
Basin size	4,100 sq mi (11,000 km2)
Discharge
• location	Parma, about 3.8 mi (6.1 km) from the mouth
• average	1,587 cu ft/s (44.9 m3/s)
• minimum	66 cu ft/s (1.9 m3/s)
• maximum	9,140 cu ft/s (259 m3/s)

Description

The Boise River rises in three separate forks in the Sawtooth Range at elevations exceeding 10,000 feet (3,050 m), and is formed by the confluence of its North and Middle forks. The North Fork, 50 miles (80 km) long,[2] rises in the Sawtooth Wilderness Area, along the Boise–Elmore county line, 60 miles (100 km) northeast of Boise. It flows generally southwest through the remote mountains in the Boise National Forest. The Middle Fork, approximately 52 miles (84 km) in length,[2] rises within 12 miles (19 km) of the North Fork in the southern Sawtooth Wilderness Area in northeastern Elmore County. It flows west-southwest near the town of Atlanta, joining the North Fork to form the Boise River, approximately 15 miles (24 km) southeast of Idaho City. The main stream flows southwest into Arrowrock Reservoir, joining the South Fork from the Anderson Ranch Dam.

The 101-mile-long (163 km)[2] South Fork rises in northern Camas County in the Smoky Mountains and Soldier Mountains of the Sawtooth National Forest north of Fairfield, 65 miles (105 km) east of Boise. It flows generally southwest, descending through a basalt canyon to fill the Anderson Ranch Reservoir, then turns northwest in central Elmore County. It joins the main stream as the southern arm of Arrowrock Reservoir, 20 miles (32 km) east of Boise.

Downstream from its confluence with the South Fork, the river flows generally west, adds the major tributary of Mores Creek along Highway 21, and passes through Lucky Peak Dam to emerge from the foothills southeast of Boise. It passes over several irrigation diversion dams above the city, the first and largest is the century-old Boise River Diversion Dam for the concrete New York Canal, which terminates at Lake Lowell (a.k.a. Deer Flat Reservoir) southwest of Nampa in Canyon County.[3] The next diversion is for the Ridenbaugh Canal (1878)[4][5] at Eckert Diversion Dam, immediately above Barber Park, five miles (8 km) from downtown Boise.[6] Wooded through the city, the river is lined by an extensive recreational greenbelt. It flows west across the western end of the Snake River Plain in the Treasure Valley and becomes a braided stream with a wide floodplain as it crosses northern Canyon County to the Snake River. At an approximate elevation of 2,100 feet (640 m), it enters the Snake River, the Idaho-Oregon border, west of Parma and three miles (5 km) south of Nyssa, Oregon.

History

The river was called "Reed's River" in the early 19th century, named after Pacific Fur Company employee John Reed, who explored parts of the river throughout 1813 and 1814. The river is diverted to canals for irrigation on the plain west of Boise. The dams that form the mountain reservoirs were constructed as part of the Bureau of Reclamation's "Boise Project" to provide agricultural irrigation, hydroelectricity, drinking water, and flood control to Boise and the Treasure Valley.[7]

The major projects' initial completion dates were:

• 1909 – Boise River Diversion Dam & New York Canal
• 1915 – Arrowrock Dam
• 1950 – Anderson Ranch Dam - (S. Fork)
• 1955 – Lucky Peak Dam - (U.S. Army Corps of Engineers)

Recreation

The river is a popular destination for floating, specifically on the Boise greenbelt. Tubers and floaters launch at Barber Park[8] and land at Ann Morrison Park, between major irrigation diversion dams.[9] Several minor diversion weirs are passed as well as several bridges on the 6-mile (10 km) trip.[6] Water skiing is popular above the dam at the Lucky Peak Reservoir.

On the lower (warmwater) course of the river, low summer flows and poorer water quality from agricultural runoff limit fishery production. This section of river supports a fair fishery for largemouth bass, smallmouth bass, and channel catfish. Upstream from Star, the river is a coldwater stream and supports a greater variety of fish. The most prevalent species on this section is mountain whitefish, as well as hatchery-reared rainbow trout, wild rainbow trout, and fingerling brown trout. Upstream from Lucky Peak and Arrowrock reservoirs, the river and its tributaries contain excellent populations of wild rainbow trout, mountain whitefish, and bull trout. This is especially true immediately downstream from the outflow of Anderson Ranch reservoir, where the South Fork takes on the characteristics of a classic "tailwater" for over 5 miles (8 km) from the put-in below the dam to Cow Creek Bridge.

Fishing

The Boise River is also popular for fishing, mostly for rainbow trout and, in the winter, steelhead. Spin-fishermen use roostertail spinners and bait such as worms and Powerbait, while fly fishermen use a variety of flies mimicking the abundant aquatic and terrestrial insects present in the watershed, as well as streamers.

See also

• List of rivers of Idaho
• List of longest streams of Idaho

References

External links

• Idaho Department of Water Resources: Boise River
• Idaho State University: Boise River
• USGS stream gage, Boise River at Glenwood Bridge near Boise
• USGS: water quality and biological trends on the lower Boise River
• USBR: Boise Project
• USBR: Major storage reservoirs in the Boise & Payette River basins - tea cup diagram, current data

На других языках

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[de] Boise River

Der Boise River ist ein 164 km langer rechter Nebenfluss des Snake River im US-Bundesstaat Idaho.[3] Er entwässert einen Teil der Sawtooth Range im südwestlichen Idaho nordöstlich von Boise sowie einen Teil der westlichen Snake River Plain. Das Einzugsgebiet umfasst etwa 10620 km².

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- [en] Boise River

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[es] Río Boise

El río Boise (en inglés: Boise River) es un río del noroeste de los Estados Unidos, uno de los principales afluentes del curso inferior del río Snake. Tiene aproximadamente 121 km de longitud —aunque con una de sus fuentes, el South Fork, supera los 250 km— y drena una parte muy accidentada de la cordillera Sawtooth (una estribación de las Montañas Rocosas). Su cuenca tiene unos 10 620 km² (similar a países como Kosovo y Líbano) y comprende hábitats muy diversos, con cañones de montaña, bosques, pastizales, tierras agrícolas y zonas urbanas.

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[ru] Бойсе (река)

Бо́йсе (англ. Boise River) — река на западе центральной части штата Айдахо, США. Правый приток реки Снейк. Длина составляет около 150 км[1], площадь бассейна — 10 619 км².[источник не указан 361 день]

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