geo.wikisort.org - Reservoir

La Esmeralda Dam is an embankment dam on the Batá River northwest of Santa María in Boyacá Department, Neira Province, Valle de Tenza (Tenza Valley) Colombia, 52 km to south of Tunja city. The primary purpose of the dam is hydroelectric power production and it is part of the Chivor Hydroelectric Project. Water from the Batá is diverted by the dam to a power station that discharges to the Lengupá River. The power station supplies 8% of Colombia's power demand.[2]

La Esmeralda Dam
The dam's reservoir
VALLE DE TENZA
Official name	Presa La Esmeralda
Country	Colombia
Location	Santa María, Neira Province
Coordinates	04°54′03″N 73°17′49″W
Status	Operational
Construction began	1960
Opening date	1976
Construction cost	$395 million
Dam and spillways
Type of dam	Embankment, rock-fill
Impounds	Batá River
Height	237 m (778 ft)
Length	310 m (1,020 ft)
Dam volume	11,500,000 m3 (410,000,000 cu ft)
Reservoir
Creates	La Esmeralda Reservoir
Total capacity	758×10^6 m3 (615,000 acre⋅ft)
Active capacity	680×10^6 m3 (550,000 acre⋅ft)
Surface area	12.6 km (7.8 mi)
Maximum length	22 km (14 mi)
Maximum width	1 km (0.62 mi)
Maximum water depth	130 m (430 ft)
Normal elevation	1,200 m (3,900 ft)
Chivor Power Station
Coordinates	4°52′51.52″N 73°13′55.32″W
Operator(s)	AES Chivor
Commission date	1976 — 1982
Turbines	8 x 125 MW (168,000 hp) Pelton turbines[1]
Installed capacity	1,000 MW (1,300,000 hp)
Annual generation	4,620×10^6 kWh (1.66×1010 MJ)

History

Initial studies for the project began in 1954. The idea behind the dam was to divert water from the Batá to the Lengupá which lies at a much lower elevation. This idea was originally suggested by a topographer at The Electric Promotion Institute and later contemplated by an American-French delegation that was helping to develop Colombia's Electrification Plan at the time. Colombia's president at the time, Gustavo Rojas Pinilla promoted the project as well and it was dubbed "Project Gustavo". In 1958, further studies including geological and hydrological began.[3] The hydroelectric project was designed in two 500 MW stages and it became apparent that additional funding would be needed to construct it. In November 1970, Ingetec S.A — under the supervision of Interconexión Electrica S.A — began construction on stage one after receiving a World Bank loan.[4] Stage one was complete in 1977 and a year prior, construction on stage two had started in June. By 1982, stage two was completed and inaugurated. Stage two required a World Bank loan as well. In 1996, operation and ownership of the dam and power plant was transferred from the public to the private sector.[5][6][7]

Dam

La Esmeralda dam is a 237-metre (778 ft) tall and 310-metre (1,020 ft) long central core rock-fill embankment dam with a structural volume of 11,500,000 cubic metres (410,000,000 cu ft).[8] The dam's reservoir has a 758,000,000 cubic metres (615,000 acre⋅ft) capacity, of which 680,000,000 cubic metres (550,000 acre⋅ft) is active storage. The reservoir has a surface area of 12.6 km² (5 sq mi) and a maximum depth of 130 metres (430 ft). Its maximum length is 22 kilometres (14 mi) at a normal elevation of 1,200 metres (3,900 ft) above sea level and its maximum width is 1 kilometre (0.62 mi).[9] Helping to withhold the reservoir are two auxiliary dams.[2]

Chivor Power Station

Chivor Power Station, lies to the southeast and is fed with water from reservoir by two separate 7.6-kilometre (4.7 mi) long tunnels (stage one and two). Near the banks of the Lengupá River, the tunnels split into eight separate penstocks to supply each 125 megawatts (168,000 hp) Pelton turbine-generator with water. Once utilised for electricity, the water is discharged into the Lengupá. The normal drop in elevation from the reservoir to the power station is 130 metres (430 ft).[5]

See also

• List of power stations in Colombia
• List of conventional hydroelectric power stations

References

External links

• AES Chivor Homepage

Map all coordinates using: OpenStreetMap

Download coordinates as: KML

На других языках

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[de] Talsperre Chivor

Die Talsperre Chivor (span. Represa de Chivor, gelegentlich auch als „Esmeralda-Damm“ bezeichnet) ist eine Talsperre am Fluss Río Batá (auch Río Garagoa), einem Zufluss des Río Guavio, in Zentral-Kolumbien. Sie liegt in der kolumbianischen Ostkordillere bei den Orten Santa María und Tunja im Departamento Boyacá etwa 90 km ostnordöstlich von Bogotá. Sie wurde 1970–1977 errichtet. Betrieben wird die Anlage von AES Chivor & Cia., einer Tochtergesellschaft von AES Corp.

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- [en] La Esmeralda Dam

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[es] Embalse la Esmeralda

El Embalse la Esmeralda o Embalse de Chivor es un lago artificial creado para proporcionar potencial hidráulico a la Central Hidroeléctrica de Chivor, ubicado en jurisdicción de los municipios de Macanal, Chivor y Almeida, de la región del Valle de Tenza en el departamento de Boyacá, en la República de Colombia.

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[fr] Lac de Chivor

Le lac de Chivor, ou lac La Esmeralda, est un lac de barrage situé dans le département de Boyacá, en Colombie. Il résulte de la construction du barrage de La Esmeralda.

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