geo.wikisort.org - Mountains

The Sierra de Guadalupe is a mountain range in Mexico. It is found between the borough of Gustavo A. Madero in northern Mexico City and the municipalities of Cuautitlán Izcalli, Tultitlán, Coacalco, Ecatepec and Tlalnepantla, in the State of Mexico. Its highest peak is at 3,055 meters (10,023 ft).

Sierra de Guadalupe
Highest point as seen from Coacalco
Highest point
Peak	Picacho Moctezuma
Elevation	3,055 m (10,023 ft)
Coordinates	19°34′59″N 99°07′01″W
Dimensions
Length	25 km (16 mi) W x E
Width	8 km (5.0 mi) N × S
Geography
Country	Mexico
State	State of Mexico Mexico City
Region	Central Mexico
Geology
Volcanic arc/belt	Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt

History

There is evidence that the Aztecs worshipped Tonantzin (Goddess of Sustenance) at Tepeyac hill.[1] The sierra is named after Our Lady of Guadalupe,[2] a Marian apparition that, according to oral and written colonial sources such as the Huei tlamahuiçoltica, Juan Diego saw at the Tepeyac hill.[3]

In 1937, the El Tepeyac National Park was created in the Tepeyac hill, in the eastern portion of the sierra, by decree of the president Lázaro Cárdenas.[2]

Geology

The sierra is a dormant volcano that is part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt. The basement is made of andesitic and dacitic soil.[4] The last volcanic activity in the area occurred 14 to 15 million years ago.[5]

Ecology

Climate

The sierra has a humid subtropical climate. It rains mostly during summers with rainfall of between 700 and 800 mm (2.5 and 3.5 in) per year. The temperature ranges from 12 to 16 °C (53 to 60 °F).[6]

Fauna

Among the species found in the sierra, it is included the Mexican pine snake, the American kestrel, the roadrunner, the opossum, and the bobcat. Introduced species include the white-tailed deer, tapirs and bisons.[6]

Flora

In the area, quercus trees and xerophile plants are abundant.[6]

Preservation

The area has suffered from environmental deterioration due to deforestation.[2][7] Part of the eastern part of the sierra was reforested with the introduction of eucalyptus, pinus, cedrus and casuarina trees.[6]

It is composed of the following hills:

• Cerro del Sombrero or Pico Tres Padres
• Cerro de los Gachupines (2,330 m [7,640 ft])[8]
• Cerro del Chiquihuite (2,730 m [8,960 ft])[8]
• Cerro del Picacho Moctezuma (3,055 m [10,023 ft])[2]
• Cerro del Picacho El Fraile (2,902 m [9,521 ft])[5]
• Cerro del Picacho El Jaral
• Cerro del Tenayo
• Cerro Petlecatl
• Cerro de la Calavera
• Cerro Gordo
• Cerro Zacatenco (2,500 m [8,200 ft])[8]
• Cerro del Guerrero (2,440 m [8,010 ft])[8]
• Cerro de Santa Isabel
• Cerro del Tepeyac (2,270 m [7,450 ft])[8]

Gallery

• 
  Cerro Zacatenco
• 
  Cerro Los Gachupines
• 
  Cerro del Chiquihuite
• 
  Wider view

References

External links

• Media related to Sierra de Guadalupe at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

---

- [en] Sierra de Guadalupe, Mexico

---

[es] Sierra de Guadalupe (México)

La sierra de Guadalupe es una sierra, cordillera volcánica y cadena montañosa que forma parte del Estado de México y la Ciudad de México en México. Se reparte entre la zona norte de la Alcaldía Gustavo A. Madero de la Ciudad de México, y los municipios mexiquenses de Cuautitlán Izcalli (únicamente al sur del municipio), Tlalnepantla de Baz, Tultitlán, Tultepec, Coacalco de Berriozábal, y Ecatepec de Morelos también.

---

[fr] Sierra de Guadalupe

La sierra de Guadalupe est une petite chaîne de montagnes peu élevées située au centre du Mexique. Elle forme la limite septentrionale de la vallée de Mexico. Elle a la forme d'un « U » inversé et marque la frontière entre l'État de Mexico et le District fédéral (la ville de Mexico). Elle tire son nom de Notre-Dame de Guadalupe, la vierge étant apparue à l'indigène Juan Diego Cuauhtlatoatzin sur la colline de Tepeyac qui marque l'extrémité sud-orientale de la chaîne.

---

---