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Queen Mary's Peak is the summit of the island of Tristan da Cunha, in the South Atlantic Ocean. It has an elevation of 2,062 metres (6,765 ft) above sea level. It is named after Mary of Teck, the Queen consort of King George V. It is the highest point of the British overseas territory of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha.

Queen Mary's Peak
Tristan da Cunha
Satellite photo of Tristan da Cunha
Highest point
Elevation	2,062 m (6,765 ft)
Prominence	2,062 m (6,765 ft)
Isolation	2,665 km (1,656 mi)
Listing	Ultra
Coordinates	37°06′40″S 12°17′18″W
Geography
Location on Tristan da Cunha
Location	Tristan da Cunha
Geology
Age of rock	148 ± 8 ka[1]
Mountain type	Shield volcano
Last eruption	October 1961–March 1962[2]
Climbing
First ascent	About 1 January 1817[3]

Outline

The mountain is the peak of the massive shield volcano which forms the island. A 300 m (1,000 ft) wide summit crater caps the peak, and it contains a heart-shaped crater lake. This lake is normally frozen during the winter, and the upper slopes of the volcano are covered in snow.

The only recorded eruption began on 10 October 1961 from a vent on the north shore of the island, and continued into March 1962. The entire population of the island (264) had to be evacuated and did not return until 1963. There was an eruption before it during the early 18th century on the main peak on Tristan da Cunha when the island was not inhabited, as islanders were unaware about previous volcanic activity before the 1961 eruption as they could not find any evidence of previous eruptions. There was also a 2004 eruption which happened underwater as there was an earthquake on Tristan da Cunha as well pumice that was picked up by fishermen suggesting that the volcano is still active.[2][4]

Queen Mary's Peak was used by sailors on the route from Europe to the Indian Ocean and beyond as a navigational aid. In the 17th century the East India Company instructed captains to sail via Tristan. In 2004, Ellen MacArthur sighted the Peak on her record-breaking circumnavigation of the world.

Climbing the peak

The first known attempt to climb the peak was in 1793 by the French naturalist Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars, but this was without success. However, from this expedition hundreds of plants were collected and catalogued. In January 1817, the first successful climb was made to the peak. Queen Mary's Peak is a steep climb and can take 5 to 10 hours, depending on the capability of the walker. The walk and climb is allowed only when accompanied by a local guide.^{[citation needed]}

Queen Mary's Peak is the brand name for Tristan da Cunha island knitwear, which is exported to New Zealand.

See also

• Geography of Tristan da Cunha
• List of mountains and hills of Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha
• List of volcanoes in Tristan da Cunha

References

• Tristan da Cunha Island Tour: Peak

Other projects

Media related to Queen Mary's Peak at Wikimedia Commons

На других языках

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[de] Queen Mary’s Peak

Der Queen Mary’s Peak auf der Insel Tristan da Cunha ist mit einer Höhe von 2060 m die höchste Erhebung im Südatlantik. Benannt wurde der Berg nach Maria von Teck, der Gemahlin von Georg V. Er wurde erstmals um den 1. Januar 1817 bestiegen.[1]

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- [en] Queen Mary's Peak

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[fr] Queen Mary's Peak

Queen Mary's Peak est le sommet ultra-proéminent de l'île de Tristan da Cunha à Sainte-Hélène, Ascension et Tristan da Cunha, le point culminant du territoire. Il se situe à une altitude de 2 062 mètres. Son nom vient de Mary de Teck, reine consort du Royaume-Uni de George V.

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[it] Picco della Regina Maria

Il picco della Regina Maria (in inglese Queen Mary's Peak) è la montagna più alta dell'isola di Tristan da Cunha, nel territorio britannico d'oltremare di Sant'Elena. Si tratta di un vulcano a scudo alto 2062 m s.l.m..

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[ru] Куин-Мэрис-Пик

Куин-Мэрис-Пик (англ. Queen Mary's Peak) — единственная гора и дремлющий вулкан острова Тристан-да-Кунья, входящего в заморскую территорию Острова Святой Елены, Вознесения и Тристан-да-Кунья. Относительная и абсолютная высота — 2062 метра (высшая точка всех Британских заморских территорий и Южной Атлантики). Возраст — 140—156 тысяч лет, по типу относится к щитовым вулканам[2]. Своё название вершина получила в честь герцогини Марии Текской. На вершине горы находится вулканический кратер, который заполняет небольшое кратерное озеро сердцеобразной формы размером примерно 90 на 70 метров.

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