geo.wikisort.org - Mountains

Search / Calendar

Mount Karthala or Karthola (Arabic: القرطالة Al Qirṭālah) is an active volcano and the highest point of the Comoros at 2,361 m (7,746 ft) above sea level. It is the southernmost and larger of the two shield volcanoes forming Grande Comore island, the largest island in the nation of Comoros. The Karthala volcano is very active, having erupted more than 20 times since the 19th century. Frequent eruptions have shaped the volcano's 3 km by 4 km summit caldera, but the island has largely escaped broad destruction. Eruptions on April 17, 2005 and May 29, 2006 ended a period of quiet.

Mount Karthala
Mount Karthala aerial view.
Highest point
Elevation2,361 m (7,746 ft)[1]
Prominence2,361 m (7,746 ft)[1]
ListingUltra
Country high point
Coordinates11°45′37″S 43°21′11″E[2]
Geography
Mount Karthala
CountryComoros
IslandGrande Comore
Geology
Mountain typeShield volcano (active)
Last eruptionJanuary 2007
Ramsar Wetland
Official nameLe Karthala
Designated12 November 2006
Reference no.1649[3]

Volcanic activity


Satellite image of the volcano after its November 2005 eruption, with ash obscuring the archipelago
Satellite image of the volcano after its November 2005 eruption, with ash obscuring the archipelago

April 2005 eruption


Karthala volcano crater in November 2006.
Karthala volcano crater in November 2006.

The eruption, which carried a risk of lava flows and deadly volcanic gas, caused the evacuation of 30,000 residents. The crater was clearly changed by the eruption. A grey field of ash surrounds the crater and the caldera itself seems larger and deeper. The crater lake, which formed after Karthala's last eruption in 1991 and once dominated the caldera, is now gone completely. In its place were rough, dark grey rocks, possibly cooling lava or rubble from the collapsed crater.


May 2006 activity


On May 29, Reuters reported that residents of Moroni could see lava spewing at the top of the volcano.[4] Within a few days the volcanic activity subsided.


Flora and fauna


The mountain is covered by intact moist evergreen forest from 1200 metres to about 1800 metres above sea-level. Higher up the vegetation consists of stunted trees and heathland where the giant heather Erica comorensis grows.[5] The mountain's forest is threatened by logging and the spread of agriculture. Many of the species found on the mountain are unique to the Comoros and four bird species are found only on the slopes of Mount Karthala: Grand Comoro drongo, Humblot's flycatcher, Karthala scops owl, and Karthala white-eye.


Important Bird Area


A 14,228 ha (35,160-acre) tract encompassing the upper slopes and summit of the mountain has been designated an Important Bird Area (IBA) by BirdLife International, because it supports populations of Comoros blue pigeons, Comoros fodies, Comoros olive pigeons, Comoros thrushes, Grand Comoro brush warblers, Grand Comoro bulbuls, Grand Comoro drongos, Humblot's flycatchers, Humblot's sunbirds, Karthala scops owls, Karthala white-eyes, and Malagasy harriers.[6]


Karthala National Park


Karthala National Park
Parc National du Karthala
Coordinates11°46′S 43°21′E
Area26,214 ha (101.21 sq mi)
DesignationNational park
Designated2010
AdministratorComoros National Parks Authority
Ramsar Wetland
Designated12 November 2006
Reference no.1649[7]

Karthala National Park protects an area of 262.14 km2 on the mountain. It was designated in 2010.[8]


See also



Notes


  1. Listed as "Le Kartala" on Peaklist.org Retrieved 27 September 2011
  2. Karthala in Geonames.org (cc-by)
  3. "Le Karthala". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 25 April 2018.
  4. "Comoros volcano tremors grow stronger, more frequent". Reuters. 21 January 2007. Retrieved 25 April 2021.
  5. Issues in Global Environment—Biology and Geoscience: 2013 Edition. ScholarlyEditions. 1 May 2013. p. 763. ISBN 978-1-4901-0964-0. Retrieved 17 December 2021.
  6. "Karthala Mountains". BirdLife Data Zone. BirdLife International. 2021. Retrieved 1 March 2021.
  7. "Le Karthala Ramsar Site". Ramsar Sites Information Service. Retrieved 10 August 2021.
  8. UNEP-WCMC (2021). Protected Area Profile for Parc National du Karthala from the World Database of Protected Areas. Accessed 10 August 2021.

References



На других языках


[de] Karthala

Karthala ist ein aktiver Vulkan auf der Insel Grande Comore und gleichzeitig die höchste Erhebung der Komoren. Eruptionen am 17. April 2005 und am 29. Mai 2006 beendeten eine Zeit der Inaktivität seit 1991.
- [en] Mount Karthala

[es] Karthala

El Karthala[1] (2360 m) es un volcán activo en la isla de Gran Comora, es el punto más alto de las Comoras. El volcán Karthala es notoriamente activo, después de haber hecho erupción más de 20 veces desde el siglo XIX. Frecuentes erupciones han formado al volcán con una caldera de 3 por 4 kilómetros, pero la isla ha escapado de una destrucción masiva. El 17 de abril de 2005, ocurrió una erupción, forzando a cientos de pobladores a huir.

[fr] Karthala

Le Karthala, Karatala, Kartala ou encore Kartola[1], en arabe القرطالة, Al Qirtālah, est un volcan des Comores situé dans l'archipel du même nom, sur l'île de Grande Comore[2]. Relativement actif avec vingt éruptions au cours des XIXe et XXe siècles, ces dernières se traduisent généralement par la formation de coulées de lave qui atteignent dans certains cas la mer et parfois l'apparition d'un lac de lave dans un des cratères de la caldeira sommitale de ce volcan bouclier de 2 361 mètres d'altitude[2],[3].

[it] Karthala

Il Karthala è un vulcano attivo e rappresenta il punto più alto delle Comore, con un'altitudine di 2361 metri sul livello del mare.

[ru] Картала

Картала (араб. القرطالة‎, фр. Karthala) — вулкан, самая высокая точка на острове Нгазиджа (Гранд-Комор), самом крупном из четырех Коморских островов, расположенных в Индийском океане. Высота вулкана 2561 м. На вершине его кратер шириной 300 м и глубиной 100 м, расположен вулкан в кальдере длиной 5 км. Картала — базальтовый щитовой вулкан, извержения относятся к гавайскому типу[уточнить].



Текст в блоке "Читать" взят с сайта "Википедия" и доступен по лицензии Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike; в отдельных случаях могут действовать дополнительные условия.

Другой контент может иметь иную лицензию. Перед использованием материалов сайта WikiSort.org внимательно изучите правила лицензирования конкретных элементов наполнения сайта.

2019-2024
WikiSort.org - проект по пересортировке и дополнению контента Википедии