Elephants Back is a 9,585-foot-elevation (2,922 meter) mountain summit located in Alpine County, California, United States.

Elephants Back
North aspect
Highest point
Elevation	9,585 ft (2,922 m)[1][2]
Prominence	465 ft (142 m)[3]
Parent peak	Round Top (10,381ft)[4]
Isolation	1.43 mi (2.30 km)[4]
Coordinates	38°40′42″N 119°58′59″W[5]
Geography
Elephants Back Location in California Show map of California Elephants Back Elephants Back (the United States) Show map of the United States
Location	Mokelumne Wilderness
Country	United States of America
State	California
County	Alpine
Parent range	Sierra Nevada[3]
Topo map	USGS Carson Pass
Geology
Age of rock	Miocene
Mountain type	Lava dome
Type of rock	andesitic
Climbing
First ascent	1844
Easiest route	class 1 hiking[4]

Description

This landmark of Hope Valley is set in the Mokelumne Wilderness of the Sierra Nevada mountain range. The summit is situated one mile south of Carson Pass and 1.4 mile (2.25 km) northeast of line parent Round Top. Elephants Back is a lava dome which was created in association with the now-inactive volcanic vent that is Round Top.[6] Precipitation runoff from the peak's east slope drains to the West Fork Carson River via Red Lake Creek, whereas the west slope drains to Caples Lake via Woods Creek. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,600 feet (488 meters) above Forestdale Creek in less than one mile. The Pacific Crest Trail traverses the eastern and northern slopes of this peak, providing an approach from California State Route 88.

History

During his second exploratory expedition, John C. Frémont camped at the base of Elephants Back's north ridge on February 9, 1844. At this spot, the party burned two trees to protect themselves from icy winds of a fierce winter storm.[7] Frémont and Kit Carson made the first known ascent of Elephants Back three days earlier, on February 6, 1844, and were able to see the Sacramento Valley from the summit.[8]

The United States Geological Survey surveyed this area in 1889 and labelled this geographic feature on their 1893 Markleeville quadrangle map. This landform is so named because of its resemblance to the animal.[9] This landform's toponym has been officially adopted by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.[5] It has also been called "Elephant Mountain", "Elephant's Back", and "The Elephant."[5]

Climate

According to the Köppen climate classification system, Elephants Back is located in an alpine climate zone.[10] Most weather fronts originate in the Pacific Ocean and travel east toward the Sierra Nevada mountains. As fronts approach, they are forced upward by the peaks (orographic lift), causing them to drop their moisture in the form of rain or snowfall onto the range.

Gallery

See also

•  Mountains portal
• Stevens Peak
• Red Lake Peak

References

External links

• Weather forecast: Elephants Back