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Pulau Yos Sudarso or Pulau Dolok is an island separated only by the narrow Muli Strait from the main island of New Guinea. It is part of the Merauke Regency, in the Indonesian province of South Papua. The island is leaf-shaped, about 165 km (103 mi) long with an area of 11,740 km2 (4,530 sq mi). It was known as Frederik Hendrik Island until 1963. Local and alternative names of the island include Dolok, Kimaam and Kolepom.[1]

1:250,000 map
1:250,000 map
Yos Sudarso
NASA satellite image.
Yos Sudarso
Geography
LocationSouth East Asia
Coordinates7°57′S 138°24′E
Area11,742 km2 (4,534 sq mi)
Area rank67th
Administration
 Indonesia
ProvinceSouth Papua
Largest settlementKimaam, Merauke
Demographics
Population11,000

With about 11,000 inhabitants, the island's population density is less than 1 per square kilometre (2.5/sq mi). The native population speaks Kolopom languages, including Kimaghima, Ndom, and Riantana/Kimaan. Communities on the island include Kaba, Kimaan, Kladar, Pembre, Wan, and Yomuka.[1] Kimaan (or Kimaam) is the main settlement. It lies in the southeast on the Buaya Strait that separates the smaller island of Komoran from Dolak.


History


The island was first sighted by Europeans in about January 1606 when Willem Jansz and his crew on the ship Duyfken rounded it on their way to and returning from their discovery of Australia. The Duyfken spent considerable time in the bight in between the island and the mainland. Jansz's map of the expedition describes the island as lowland and muddy land and with the name "Tiuri".[2] When rounding the prominent southwest cape, jutting into the Arafura Sea, in 1623, Jan Carstensz named it Valse Kaap (Dutch for "False Cape"), a name retained to date (Indonesian Tanjung Vals, English "Cape Vals").[3]

1884 map showing Komoran merged with Frederick Henry Island
1884 map showing Komoran merged with "Frederick Henry Island"

It was considered to be a part of mainland New Guinea until 1835, when between April 26 and May 9 that year the Dutch captains Langenberg, Kool and Banse sailed their schooners Postillon and Sireen through the narrow channels. They named the waterway 'Princess Marianne Strait' (now Muli Strait) and the island after Prince William Frederick Henry, a grandson of the king, who lived in the Dutch East Indies for a while.[4] Until at least 1884 Komoran was thought to be part of Dolak. After the handover of Western New Guinea to Indonesia in May 1963, the Indonesian government renamed the island after the Indonesian naval officer Yos Sudarso, who was in charge of a raid on the New Guinea coastline 700 km (430 mi) to the northwest in January 1962, but was killed in the process.


Languages


The Kolopom languages, part of the Trans-New Guinea language family, and the Mombum (or Komolom) languages, an independent language family, are spoken on Yos Sudarso Island.[5]


References


  1. Yos Sudarso Island at GeoFact of the Day, August 21, 2015.
  2. T D Mutch, The First Discovery of Australia With an account of the Voyage of the "Duyfken" and the Career of Captain Willem Jansz., May 2006
  3. E. J. Brill, De Zuidwest Nieuw-Guinea-expeditie 1904/5:, 1908, pp. 603-4
  4. Reizen naar Nederlandsch Nieuw-Guinea, Koninklijk instituut voor taal-, land- en volkenkunde, 1879, pp. 424-426
  5. Palmer, Bill (2018). "Language families of the New Guinea Area". In Palmer, Bill (ed.). The Languages and Linguistics of the New Guinea Area: A Comprehensive Guide. The World of Linguistics. Vol. 4. Berlin: De Gruyter Mouton. pp. 1–20. ISBN 978-3-11-028642-7.

На других языках


[de] Yos-Sudarso-Insel

Die Yos-Sudarso-Insel (Pulau Yos Sudarso) oder Kimaan ist eine ca. 180 km lange und 100 km breite indonesische Insel vor der Südwestküste Neuguineas.
- [en] Yos Sudarso Island

[fr] Yos Sudarso

Yos Sudarso, en indonésien Pulau Yos Sudarso, est une île d'Indonésie située au sud-ouest de la Nouvelle-Guinée, en mer d'Arafura pour la plupart des géographes ou, selon les limites de l'Organisation Hydrographique Internationale, en mer d'Aru[1].

[it] Isola Yos Sudarso

La Pulau Yos Sudarso è un'isola nella provincia di Papua, Indonesia, amministrativamente nella regione dell'Irian Jaya, zona di Merauke. A parte la zona nord-orientale, dove uno stretto canale la divide dall'isola della Nuova Guinea, si trova circondata dal Mare degli Arafura.

[ru] Йос-Сударсо

Йос-Сударсо[уточнить] (индон. Pulau Yos Sudarso) — остров в Арафурском море у юго-западной оконечности острова Новая Гвинея и отделённый от него узкой протокой (пролив Мули). К юго-востоку от Йос-Сударсо находится меньший по размеру остров Коморан.



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