geo.wikisort.org - Island

Noirmoutier (also French: Île de Noirmoutier, pronounced [nwaʁmutje]; Breton: Nervouster, Nermouster) is a tidal island off the Atlantic coast of France in the Vendée department (85).

Noirmoutier

Noirmoutier Island image from satellite Spot
Noirmoutier
Geography
Location	Atlantic Ocean
Coordinates	46°58′N 2°13′W
Area	49 km2 (19 sq mi)
Length	19 km (11.8 mi)
Width	6 km (3.7 mi)
Highest elevation	20 m (70 ft)
Highest point	No named
Administration
France
Region	Pays de la Loire
Department	Vendée
Arrondissement	Les Sables-d'Olonne
Demographics
Population	9,590
Pop. density	195.76/km2 (507.02/sq mi)
Ethnic groups	French people
Ramsar Wetland
Official name	Marais Breton, Baie de Bourgneuf, Ile de Noirmoutier et Forêt de Monts
Designated	2 February 2017
Reference no.	2283[1]

This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding articles in French and Spanish. (December 2009) Click [show] for important translation instructions. View a machine-translated version of the French article. Machine translation like DeepL or Google Translate is a useful starting point for translations, but translators must revise errors as necessary and confirm that the translation is accurate, rather than simply copy-pasting machine-translated text into the English Wikipedia. Do not translate text that appears unreliable or low-quality. If possible, verify the text with references provided in the foreign-language article. You must provide copyright attribution in the edit summary accompanying your translation by providing an interlanguage link to the source of your translation. A model attribution edit summary is Content in this edit is translated from the existing French Wikipedia article at [[:fr:Île de Noirmoutier]]; see its history for attribution. You should also add the template {{Translated|fr|Île de Noirmoutier}} to the talk page. For more guidance, see Wikipedia:Translation.

History

Noirmoutier was the location of an early Viking raid in 799, when raiders attacked the monastery of Saint Philibert of Jumièges in 799.[2]

The Vikings established a permanent base on the island around 824, from which they could control southeast Brittany by the 840s. In 848, they sacked Bordeaux. From 862 until 882, Hastein used it as a base from which he raided Francia and Brittany.[3]

Noirmoutier was the site of several campaigns in the War of the Vendée, as well as a massacre [4] and the place of execution of the Royalist Generalissimo Maurice D'Elbée, who faced the firing squad seated in a chair due to wounds accumulated from an earlier battle.

St. Mary Euphrasia Pelletier was born on this island on 31 July 1796.

Geography

The island comprises ten localities and four distinct Communes of France. Its length is approximately 25 kilometres (16 mi), and its width varies from 500 metres (1,600 ft) to 15 kilometres (9.3 mi). Its area of 4,877 hectares (12,050 acres; 48.77 km²; 18.83 sq mi).

Noirmoutier is referred to as the Island of Mimosas, due to the temperateness of its climate, which allows for the flowering of Acacia dealbata (mimosa) year-round. The island is predominantly salt marsh and salt banks, sand dunes and evergreen oak forests.

The communes of the island are grouped into a communauté de communes. The communes are:

• Barbâtre
• L'Épine
• La Guérinière
• Noirmoutier-en-l'Île

The island has been a site of uninterrupted human inhabitation since prehistoric times, and is a popular tourist destination.

Parts of the island have been reclaimed from the sea. In 2005 it served as the finish of the Tour de France prologue.

Transport

The island is most notable for the Passage du Gois, a paved-over sandbank with a length of 4.5 kilometres (2.8 mi),[5] one of the routes that connect the island to the mainland. It is flooded twice a day by the high tide. Until the early 1970s, a ferry service operated across the Strait of Fromentine between the La Fosse pier on the island and Fromentine pier on the mainland. This was superseded by the construction of the Noirmoutier Bridge, inaugurated in July 1971.

Events

Every year, an international foot race; the Foulées du Gois, is held across it, starting at the onset of the high tide.

La “Fête de la Bonnotte” (Bonnotte party) is also an annual festival celebrating the first day of potato harvest on the island of Noirmoutier.[6]

Infrastructure

In response to an effort by the French government to add offshore wind projects to the national grid, a 496 MW wind farm is being developed near the island, with a planned commissioning date of 2021.[7]

Climate

Noirmoutier experiences an oceanic climate typical of the west coast of France. Both the winters and summers are heavily moderated by the surrounding Atlantic Ocean. There is a low degree of diurnal temperature variation throughout the year, especially in the winter. There is considerably more precipitation in winter compared to summer.

References

External links

• Tourist office website
• Google image

На других языках

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[de] Île de Noirmoutier

Die Île de Noirmoutier ist eine französische Atlantikinsel, die zur Region Pays de la Loire in Westfrankreich gehört, südlich der Loiremündung nahe Fromentine liegt und knapp 10.000 Bewohner hat. Die Hälfte davon lebt im Hauptort Noirmoutier-en-l’Île.

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- [en] Noirmoutier

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[es] Isla de Noirmoutier

La isla de Noirmoutier (en francés, Île de Noirmoutier; en bretón Nermouster) es una isla francesa ubicada en el océano Atlántico y perteneciente al departamento de la Vandea. Desde 1971 se encuentra unida por carretera al continente por medio de un puente. Está compuesta por diez localidades y por cuatro comunas distintas. Tiene una longitud aproximada de 25 km y su anchura fluctúa entre un mínimo de 500 m y un máximo de 15 km, con una superficie total de 4877 hectáreas.[1]

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[fr] Île de Noirmoutier

L’île de Noirmoutier est une île française du golfe de Gascogne située dans le département de la Vendée. Elle est reliée au continent par une chaussée submersible appelée le passage du Gois et, depuis 1971, par un pont[1]. Elle est constituée de quatre communes — Noirmoutier-en-l'Île, Barbâtre, L'Épine et La Guérinière — regroupées en la communauté de communes de l'Île-de-Noirmoutier. La longueur de l'île est d'approximativement 18 km, sa largeur varie de 500 mètres à 12 km et sa superficie est de 49 km2.

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[it] Isola di Noirmoutier

L'Isola di Noirmoutier (in bretone Nervouster o Enez Her), è un'isola tidale francese del dipartimento della Vandea.

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[ru] Нуармутье

Нуармутье́ (фр. Noirmoutier) — остров у атлантического побережья Франции в департаменте Вандея, неподалёку от устья Луары. Длина 18 км, ширина — 2-6 км, площадь — 49 км², население — 9678 человек (2009)[1]. Отделяется от суши узким (2 км) проливом Гуле-де-Фромантен[fr]. Центральная часть острова расположена на 4 м ниже уровня моря[2], однако защищена от наводнений дамбами.

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